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economics data bank

Question
	
9. A
furniture store has set aside 800 square feet to display its sofas and chairs.
Each sofa utilizes 50 sq. ft. and each chair utilizes 30 sq. ft. At least five
sofas and at least five chairs are to be displayed.


 

 

 
a.
 
 

 
Write a mathematical model representing the store's constraints.
 

 

 

 
b.
 
 

 
Suppose the profit on sofas is $200 and on chairs is $100. On a given
 day, the probability that a displayed sofa will be sold is .03 and that a
 displayed chair will be sold is .05. Mathematically model each of the
 following objectives:
 

 

 

 

 
 

 
1.
 
 

 
Maximize the total pieces of furniture displayed.
 

 

 

 

 
 

 
2.
 
 

 
Maximize the total expected number of daily sales.
 

 

 

 

 
 

 
3.
 
 

 
Maximize the total expected daily profit.
 











 10. A manufacturer makes two products, doors and
windows. Each must be processed through two work areas. Work area #1 has 60
hours of available production time. Work area #2 has 48 hours of available
production time. Manufacturing of a door requires 4 hours in work area #1 and 2
hours in work area #2. Manufacturing of a window requires 2 hours in work area
#1 and 4 hours in work area #2. Profit is $8 per door and $6 per window.


 

 

 
a.
 
 

 
Define decision variables that will tell how many units to build
 (doors and windows).
 

 

 

 
b.
 
 

 
Develop an objective function that will maximize profits.
 

 

 

 
c.
 
 

 
Develop production constraints for work area #1 and #2.
 







 11. A small firm builds television antennas. The
investment in plan and equipment is $200,000. The variable cost per television
antenna is $500. The price of the television antenna is $1000. How many
television antennas would be needed for the firm to break even?





 12. As computer service center has the capacity
to do 400 jobs per day. The expected level of jobs demanded per day is 250 per
day. The fixed cost of renting the computer process is $200 per day. Space
rents for $100 per day. The cost of material is $15 per unit of work and $.35
cents of labor per unit. What is the break-even level of work?





 



 13. To establish a driver education school,
organizers must decide how many cars, instructors, and students to have. Costs
are estimated as follows. Annual fixed costs to operate the school are $30,000.
The annual cost per car is $3000. The cost per instructor is $11,000 and one
instructor is needed for each car. Tuition for each student is $350. Let x be
the number of cars and y be the number of students.


 

 

 
a.
 
 

 
Write an expression for total cost.
 

 

 

 
b.
 
 

 
Write an expression for total revenue.
 

 

 

 
c.
 
 

 
Write an expression for total profit.
 

 

 

 
d.
 
 

 
The school offers the course eight times each year. Each time the
 course is offered, there are two sessions. If they decide to operate five
 cars, and if four students can be assigned to each car, will they break even?
 













 14. Zipco Printing operates a shop that has five
printing machines. The machines differ in their capacities to perform various
printing operations due to differences in the machines' designs and operator
skill levels. At the start of the workday there are five printing jobs to
schedule. The manager must decide what the job-machine assignments should be.


 

 

 
a.
 
 

 
How could a quantitative approach to decision making be used to solve
 this problem?
 

 

 

 
b.
 
 

 
What would be the uncontrollable inputs for which data must be
 collected?
 

 

 

 
c.
 
 

 
Define the decision variables, objective function, and constraints to
 appear in the mathematical model.
 

 

 

 
d.
 
 

 
Is the model deterministic or stochastic?
 

 

 

 
e.
 
 

 
Suggest some simplifying assumptions for this problem.
 













 15. Consider a department store that must make
weekly shipments of a certain product from two different warehouses to four
different stores.


 

 

 
a.
 
 

 
How could a quantitative approach to decision making be used to solve
 this problem?
 

 

 

 
b.
 
 

 
What would be the uncontrollable inputs for which data must be
 gathered?
 

 

 

 
c.
 
 

 
What would be the decision variables of the mathematical model? the
 objective function? the constraints?
 

 

 

 
d.
 
 

 
Is the model deterministic or stochastic?
 

 

 

 
e.
 
 

 
Suggest assumptions that could be made to simplify the model.
 











 16. Three production processes - A, B, and C -
have the following cost structure:






 

 

 

 
Process
 
 

 
Fixed Cost
 
per Year
 
 

 
Variable Cost
 
per Unit
 

 

 

 
A
 
 

 
$120,000
 
 

 
$3.00
 

 

 

 
B
 
 

 
 90,000
 
 

 
 4.00
 

 

 

 
C
 
 

 
 80,000
 
 

 
 4.50
 







a.
What is the most economical process for a volume of 8,000 units?

b.
How many units per year must be sold with each process to have annual profits
of $50,000 if the selling price is $6.95 per unit?

c.
What is the break-even volume for each process?



 17. Jane Persico, facility engineer at the El
Paso plant of Computer Products Corporation (CPC), is studying a process
selection decision at the plant. A new printer is to be manufactured and she
must decide whether the printer will be auto-assembled or manually assembled.
The decision is complicated by the fact that annual production volume is
expected to increase by almost 50% over three years. Jane has developed these estimates for two
alternatives for the printer assembly process:




 

 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 
Auto-
 
Assembly
 
Process
 
 

 
Manual
 
Assembly
 
Process
 

 

 

 
Annual fixed cost
 
 

 

 
 

 
$690,000
 
 

 
$269,000
 

 

 

 
Variable cost per product 
 
 

 

 
 

 
$29.56
 
 

 
$31.69
 

 

 

 
Estimated annual production
 
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
(in number of products):
 
 

 
Year 1
 
 

 
152,000
 
 

 
152,000
 

 

 

 

 
 

 
Year 2 
 
 

 
190,000
 
 

 
190,000
 

 

 

 

 
 

 
Year 3 
 
 

 
225,000
 
 

 
225,000
 





a.
Which production process would be the least-cost alternative in Years 1,
2, and 3?

b.
How much would the variable cost per unit have to be in Year 2 for the
auto-assembly process to justify the additional annual fixed cost for the
auto-assembly process over the manual assembly process?



	

Question_File5_9Dec

Question
	1. Every product seems to go through a life cycle. Which of the following is not a major
challenge presented by the PLC?
a. All products eventually decline.
b. A firm must be good at developing new products to replace aging ones.
c. The firm must be good at adapting its marketing strategies.
d. It is difficult to plot the stages as a product goes through the stages.
e. C and D
2. Products may fail because _____.
a. the market size may have been overestimated
b. the product’s design did not meet consumer expectations
c. they were priced too high
d. they were advertised poorly
e. any of the above
3. A company can obtain new products through new product development. Which of the
following define(s) new products?
a. Original products.
b. Product improvements.
c. Product modification.
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above.
4. New products fail at a disturbing rate. Research estimates that _____ of all new products fail
within two years.
a. 60 percent
b. 70 percent
c. 80 percent
d. 90 percent
e. 95 percent
(
224
5. New product development starts with _____.
a. idea generation
b. idea screening
c. concept development
d. concept testing
e. test marketing
6. Your company decides to use internal sources for developing new product ideas. Which of
the following would not be a common internal source?
a. Questioning executives and professionals.
b. Company records and data.
c. Encouraging intrapreneurism.
d. Privileged information.
e. Past sales numbers.
7. A _____ is the way consumers perceive an actual or potential product.
a. product idea
b. product concept
c. product image
d. test market
e. concept test
8. H. J. Heinz Company developed its successful new line of ketchup by observing and listening
to its _____.
a. employees
b. sales force
c. customers
d. suppliers
e. competitors
9. Some companies give customers the tools and resources to design their own _____.
a. advertising campaigns
b. products
c. product modifications
d. product applications
e. shelves
(
10. At this point your firm wants to use external sources for new product ideas. After consulting
with a friend you learn that all of the following are common sources except _____.
225
a. customers
b. suppliers
c. competitors
d. government agencies
e. B and C
11. How could you use competitors as a choice of external new product ideas?
a. Buy one of their products.
b. Analyze their sales.
c. Dismantle one of their products.
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above.
12. Top management can install a(n) _____ to direct the flow of new ideas to a central point
where they can be collected, reviewed, and evaluated.
a. idea evaluation system
b. idea management system
c. database
d. MIS
e. data processing system
13. The search for new-product ideas should be _____ rather than haphazard.
a. consistent
b. systematic
c. continual
d. strategically planned
e. seldom
14. The purpose of idea generation is to create a _____ of ideas. The purpose of succeeding
stages is to _____ that number.
a. small number; reduce
b. small number; increase
c. large number; increase
d. large number; reduce
e. small number; maintain
15. GrayBerry Gifts has just brainstormed a large number of ideas for adding new products and
services after visiting several buying fairs. The owners will begin the first idea-reducing stage
called _____ to arrive at a realistic number to adopt.
226
a. idea generation
b. idea screening
c. product concept
d. concept development
e. idea dissemination
16. What do we call a detailed version of a new idea stated in meaningful customer terms?
a. Product idea.
b. Product concept.
c. Product image.
d. Product proposal.
e. Product movement.
17. JoAnn Fabrics, Inc., has just created a new combination of colors and fabric types. The
firm wants to be sure of the way consumers perceive an actual or potential product called
product _____.
a. idea
b. concept
c. image
d. proposal
e. presentation
18. When developing new products, it is important for a firm to distinguish between a product
concept, a product image, and a product _____.
a. idea
b. proposal
c. life-cycle
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
19.
20. With what groups do firms conduct concept testing for new products?
a. Suppliers.
b. Employees.
c. Target customers.
d. Focus groups.
e. Competitors.
21. For some concept tests, a simple description consisting of a _____ might be sufficient.
a. word
b. picture
c. word or picture
d. narrative
e. B or D
22.Many firms routinely test new product concepts with consumers before attempting to
_____.
a. commercialize them
227
b. turn them into actual new product
c. price them
d. create advertising and promotion
e. develop them
23. After concept testing, a firm would engage in this stage in developing and marketing a new
product.
a. Idea screening.
b. Marketing strategy development.
c. Business analysis.
d. Product development.
e. Test marketing.
24. The first part of the marketing strategy describes the target market, the planned product
positioning, the sales, profit goals, and _____.
a. market share
b. the competition
c. the secondary market
d. the competition’s anticipated reaction
e. life-cycle duration
25. The second part of the marketing strategy statement outlines the product’s planned price,
distribution, and _____ for the first year.
a. advertising
b. promotion
c. marketing budget
d. positioning
e. none of the above
26. Grant Tours will include all of the following in the third part of the marketing strategy
statement except _____.
a. long-run sales
b. profit goals
c. marketing mix strategies
d. short-run sales
e. A and C
27. A review of the sales, costs, and profit projections for a new product to find out whether
they satisfy the company’s objectives is called a _____.
a. business feasibility
b. feasibility study
c. business analysis
d. product acceptance
e. proposal
228
(New World Releases is conducting a business analysis to determine which of the many new
songs available to management should be released. Sales must be first estimated before costs
can be estimated. Which of the following did your text recommend for forecasting sales?
f. Compare the sales history of similar products.
g. Conduct surveys of market opinions.
h. Compare the sales history of similar products and conduct surveys of market opinions.
i. All of the above.
j. None of the above.
28. Once the product or service passes the business analysis test, it moves into what stage?
a. Concept development.
b. Product development.
c. Market testing.
d. Research and developing.
e. Product proposal.
29.During product development which group or department develops the product into a
physical product?
a. Research and development.
b. Engineering.
c. Production.
d. None of the above.
e. A or B
30.Once Wainwright Industries’ new riding lawnmower made especially for women passes
functional and consumer tests, the next step is _____.
a. test marketing
b. focus group surveys
c. commercialization
d. post-testing
e. none of the above	

ANALYZE ONE OF CANADA’S MOST WELL KNOWN PSA CAMPAIGNS.

ANALYZE ONE OF CANADA’S MOST WELL KNOWN PSA CAMPAIGNS.

Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD Canada) is a non-profit, grassroots organization that is committed to stopping impaired driving and supporting the victims of this violent crime. At the heart of MADD Canada are volunteers who include not only mothers, but fathers, friends, business professionals, experts in the anti-impaired driving field and concerned citizens who want to make a difference in the fight against impaired driving. http://www.madd.ca/home.html Spend some time on either link below, previewing some MADD video campaigns. If you have trouble with the link, look up MADD campaigns on YouTube. http://www.madd.ca/english/research/media.html http://www.madd.ca/madd2/en/services/awareness_campaigns_psa.html After viewing various campaigns, answer the following questions: 1. The PSA of MADD targeted one ethnic (cultural) group in particular in its campaigns called “Honoring Our Spirit”. Why did they do this and what did they do to increase their success with this group? Do you support this campaign or find it inappropriate in any way. Explain. 2. Summarize 3 of the videos and impartially analyze how effective you think each is. In a fourth paragraph, elaborate on one that impacted you the most, offering support for your position. 3. If a PSA campaign leader sought your advice about a creating one targeted at you and your peer group (your generation, and within your sub-culture), what would you stress to be the most important and effective ways to connect with or influence your peer culture (media, issues, strategies, tools, methods, etc)? 4. Consider a PSA that has affected you at some point in your life. Reflect on what the issue was, why it struck you, how it was presented and through what forms of media. Or else, consider a PSA that did not strike you, and think on what could have made the campaign more effective. 5. What do you believe are three most pressing issues/concerns facing young people today? Offer support for your choices, indicating where you encounter evidence of this, and how you see young people being affected. English 12 Lesson 12 Assignment SECTION TWO Creating a Media Message PART 1 – Planning a PSA Outline (40% of your mark) Based on your reading of Lesson 12, and with specific reference to the documents Elements of a Successful PSA Campaign and Middlesex-London Health Unit Binge Drinking Campaign: Case Study, plan your own PSA campaign, and answer the following questions to help you sort out your position/profile on the topic. Planning your PSA advertisement 1. What type of message do you want to send? Be concrete – clear and specific. What are the goals and objectives of this campaign? Give some sense of your passion or concerns be referring to evidence of this being a problem in your estimation. 2. Who is your target audience (be sure to narrow down a specific demographic)? Profile your target group, referring to several specific traits/aspects that identify them? 3. What are the kinds of information will you need from your “focus group” to create an effective campaign? Remember, your focus group is your testing field, so you can poll them any way you desire to narrow down the focus of your pitch.4. List some specific questions you’ll be asking and having your focus group respond to. Give some sense for the merits of your questions (i.e. why these specific questions). 5. After you conducted some field investigation with your target group, did you encounter any surprises? Did anything you learned affect your choice of Ad campaign? Give some explanation. 6. Which of the following approaches did you select for your message, and why? Positive Consequences – emphasizing positive consequences to be achieved Resistance Strategies – emphasizing different ways that teens can resist pressure Negative Strategy – emphasizing specific negative consequences 7. What type of advertisement will you be creating (radio script, TV spot, print, Web-based, collage, power point)? Why this medium? What are some of the challenges or limits; what are some of the benefits? 8. What will be the best scenario for getting your message across?(Are there any characters?If so, how many? Do you tell a story? A biographical profile? A focus on facts and figures?) 9. What impression do you want to leave your audience with? 10. What can you do to make your PSA ad unique from other advertisements? PART 2 – Present your PSA (30% of your mark) Once you have worked through developing the important background of your campaign, you are ready to create your PSA, either through a collage, a power point (for print ads), a script (for radio/TV ads) or any other medium you’re comfortable with! HAND IN the two SECTIONS of your assignment together. If your PSA (Section 2, Part 2) is too large for the upload box, make a note IN your assignment that you will send it to me as an email attachment instead.

UOP PSY301 Week 2 Individual Development Plan

Question
	
Individual Assignment:Individual Development Plan



·
Preparea1,050- to 1,400-word Individual
Development Plan for the selected skill you wish to enhance in yourself.

·
Include an analysis of the 5 competencies (by Goleman)
needed for developing the selected skill. This assignment may be written in
first person.

·
This
assignment must include at least one reference from your text (Coleman) and one
additional reference from your reading/research.

·
Formatyour paper according to APA standards. Submit your paper as a Word Doc. Save your document to the 2000 version of
Word.

	

Analysis of an organization’smission statement

Question
	This paper should be focused on the analysis of an organization'smission statement. Company is on Apple, Inc. 1. Research the mission statement and their vision. 2. Compare the mission statement with other good mission statements. 3. Address each of the criteria and comment on the vision in a two- to three-page, double-spaced paper. 	

Question_Doc14_15Dec_2nd

Question
	
41) Refer to the above figure. It represents supply and
demand for The Black Ash Steel

Company's output. The firm's plant belches large quantities
of smelly fumes and black ash into

the air. Residents in the surrounding area have higher
medical bills as a result. If the firm is

forced to pay the full social cost of its production, what
will occur?

A) Black Ash's supply curve will shift from SA to SB.

B) Demand for the firm's steel will shift to the left.

C) The company's supply curve will shift from SB to SA.

D) Black Ash will increase its own output to cover the cost
increase.



42) Private costs are

A) external costs borne by private firms.

B) explicit costs rather than implicit costs.

C) costs borne by private members of society rather than
governmental bodies.

D) costs borne solely by the individuals who incur them.



43) Costs borne solely by the individuals who incur them are

A) private costs.

B) social costs.

C) internality.

D) common property.





44) Which of the following is not a private cost?

A) The health insurance costs a firm must pay for its
employees.

B) The pollution caused by a firm dumping its wastes into the
river.

C) The coffee pot that Jan dropped and broke this morning.

D) The amount that a firm must pay for raw materials to make
its product.



45) John raises bees to pollinate his apple trees. One of
the bees just stung him. This is a(n)

A) private cost.

B) social cost.

C) internality.

D) common property.



46) John raises bees to pollinate his orchard. A couple of
bees which escaped ended up

pollinating his neighbor's orchard, so

A) John's neighbor has received an internal cost of John's
bee-keeping.

B) John's neighbor has received an external cost of John's
bee-keeping.

C) John's neighbor has received an external benefit of
John's bee-keeping.

D) None of the above is correct.



47) External costs are

A) borne by individuals other than those who incurred them.

B) another term for implicit costs.

C) borne by the public but incurred by the government.

D) borne by the government but incurred by the public.



48) The sum of internal and external costs is

A) private costs.

B) social costs.

C) internality.

D) common property.



49) Social costs are

A) costs that are borne by the government.

B) the full cost borne by society whenever a resource use
occurs.

C) borne by individuals who incur them.

D) another term for external costs.



50) The total costs of using a resource are made up of

A) private costs only.

B) external costs only.

C) social costs only.

D) internal and private costs only.



51) The sum of internal and external costs is

A) externalities.

B) social costs.

C) internalities.

D) private costs.



52) When a person drives an automobile, that individual is
creating

A) internal costs only.

B) private costs only because the individual pays for the
insurance, gas etc.

C) external costs only.

D) social costs.



53) Which of the following statements is true about the
relationship among external, internal and

social costs?

A) Social costs will always be higher than external costs.

B) Social costs will always be higher than internal costs.

C) Internal costs will always be higher than external costs.

D) Internal costs will never equal external costs.



54) Which of the following statements is true about the
relationship among external, internal and

social costs?

A) External cost is the difference between social and
internal costs.

B) Internal cost is the sum of social and external costs.

C) Social cost is the difference between internal and
external costs.

D) None of the above.



55) The social costs of an activity are greater than the
private costs of the activity when

A) a person does not pay all costs associated with a particular
resource-using activity.

B) the internal costs of the resource-using activity are
less than the external costs of the activity.

C) the internal costs of the resource-using activity are
positive.

D) the external costs of the resource-using activity are
zero.



56) When social costs of an activity exceed private costs

A) there is a tendency for resources to be under-utilized.

B) this means that resources are being efficiently used.

C) there is a tendency for resources to be over-utilized.

D) None of the above is correct.



57) When social costs of an activity exceed private costs

A) a market failure exists.

B) there is a tendency for resources to be under-utilized.

C) this means that resources are being efficiently used.

D) the actual price is above the efficient price.



58) If the social costs of driving an automobile are greater
than the private costs of driving an

automobile, then

A) the external costs of auto driving exceed the social
costs of auto driving.

B) the external costs of auto driving exceed the internal
costs.

C) the price of automobile driving is too high.

D) either people drive their autos too much or more funds
should be spent on reducing air

pollution.



59) An example of a situation in which the social costs are
greater than the private costs would

be

A) a new restaurant takes business away from an established
restaurant.

B) hand-held calculators putting slide rule manufacturers
out of business.

C) when a member of a rock band's ability to hear
deteriorates from performing in so many loud

concerts.

D) a physician who cannot examine patients with a
stethoscope in an examination room adjacent

to an airport.



60) Suppose there are two identical factories on a river.
Both require clean water for their

production processes. The upstream firm gets clean water
from the river and dumps dirty water

into the river. The downstream firm must clean the water it
gets from the river before it can use

the water and later it dumps dirty water into the river. In
this situation

A) the private costs of the two firms are the same since
both dump dirty water into the river.

B) the upstream factory's private costs are lower than its
social costs since it passes the costs of

the dirty water on to the downstream firm. For the
downstream firms, private costs equal social

costs.

C) the private costs of the downstream firm are greater than
the private costs of the upstream

firm and the social costs are less than the private costs
for both firms.

D) the private costs of the upstream firm are less than its
social costs while the social costs of the

downstream firm are less than its private costs.



61) Suppose there are two firms on a river and the
production processes of both require clean

water. The upstream firm's process dirties the water, which
it dumps back into the river. The

downstream firm must clean the water before using it in its
production process. If the two firms

would merge,

A) the external costs of the merged firm would equal the
external costs of the upstream firm,

which would then be passed on to its customers.

B) the total costs of production fall since the external
costs disappear.

C) the external costs of the upstream firm are private costs
after the merger.

D) the internal costs of the downstream firm become external
costs of the merged firm.



62) An example of the external costs due to automobile
driving is

A) wear and tear on toll roads.

B) the opportunity cost of the driver's time.

C) air pollution due to exhaust fumes.

D) the cost of washing dirty cars.





63) When a person can pass some of her costs of using a
resource on to someone else,

A) the use of the resource is not affected by her actions.

B) the internal costs of using the resource exceed the
private costs.

C) she uses too much of the resource.

D) she uses too little of the resource.



64) A person removes the anti-pollution devices on his
automobile. An external cost associated

with this is

A) the feeling of guilt the person feels for violating the
law.

B) the ticket he gets when a highway patrol officer pulls
him over.

C) the man's neighbor washes his car more often because of
increasing smog.

D) the man buys less gasoline, reducing the income of local
gas stations.



65) Air pollution is a problem because

A) people are greedy.

B) people are not environmentally conscious.

C) people make use of air without having to bear all the
costs of their actions.

D) a market economy does not provide as strong an incentive
for environmental cleanup as a

socialist economy.



.

66) If pollutants from smoke stacks in a city such as Newark
causes people to paint their homes

and cars more frequently, this implies

A) external benefits to the home and car owners.

B) external costs on home and car owners.

C) internal cost to home and car owners.

D) none of the above



67) By adding internal costs to external costs, we determine
the total

A) private cost.

B) social cost.

C) psychological cost.

D) marginal cost.





68) Another name for internal cost is

A) private cost.

B) social cost.

C) psychological cost.

D) marginal cost.



69) Which of the following constitutes an external cost of
driving an automobile?

A) insurance

B) fuel

C) pollution

D) wear and tear



70) In a situation in which internal costs differ from
social costs, we say that there exists a(n)

A) welfare loss.

B) welfare benefit.

C) internality.

D) externality.





71) When a person smokes a cigarette in his car and throws
the butt out of the window, this is

a(n)

A) marginal cost.

B) external cost.

C) average total cost.

D) public cost.





72) Costs that are borne solely by the individuals who incur
them are

A) private costs.

B) social costs.

C) external costs.

D) transaction costs.



73) To find social costs,

A) internal and private costs have to be added together.

B) internal and external costs have to be added together.

C) internal and implicit costs have to be added together.

D) internal and production costs have to be added together.



74) When the total external and internal costs of a
transaction are taken into consideration, this is

known as

A) public costs.

B) average total costs.

C) social costs.

D) marginal costs.





75) When there are no externalities,

A) social costs are greater than private costs.

B) social costs are less than private costs.

C) private costs are greater than social costs.

D) private costs equal social costs.



76) Which of the following is FALSE?

A) Social costs do not include private costs.

B) Private costs do not include external costs.

C) If social costs are greater than private costs, "too
much" of a good is being produced.

D) Pollution is a social cost.





77) An externality

A) may be positive or negative.

B) means a rapidly rising cost borne by consumers.

C) is the cost of producing a good outside the United
States.

D) is the indirect cost, the overhead, of producing a
product.





78) Which of the following statements is true for the U.S.
economy?

A) Supply of services always reflects all social costs.

B) Demand for services always reflects all social costs.

C) Private costs are not always equal to social costs.

D) Social benefits are always emphasized in advertising.



79) When the private costs and the social costs are NOT the
same, there is a(n)

A) externality.

B) internality.

C) public good.

D) monopoly.



80) A good that has external costs associated with its
production will be

A) produced at the optimal level.

B) underproduced.

C) overproduced.

D) not produced.
	

HIS 204 Week 5 Final Paper Native American history

Question
	
Understanding
history can be more difficult than many people imagine. Historians concern
themselves not only with what happened but with why it happened. They analyze
and assess a variety of sources, including primary sources (ones created during
the time period the historian is examining) and secondary sources (ones written
by other historians after the period), to create their own interpretations of
the past. For the Final Paper, students will not only learn about the past, but
also experiment with the interpretive, analytical methodologies of the
historian.

Choose
from one of the topics below and review its history from 1865 to the present
day. To focus the research, select six subtopics (specific events or
developments related to the topic, separated in time); three from before 1930
and three from after. Describe the basic information of each subtopic, and then
analyze the subtopic to show how the broader topic changed over time. For
instance, a paper about African Americans might choose the Harlem Renaissance
and the Black Power Movement as two of its subtopics. In that case, the paper
would provide basic information about the two movements; explain what each one
revealed about the place of African Americans in broader American society in,
respectively, the 1920s and the late 1960s; explain how and why the place of
African Americans in the 1920s differed from their place in the late 1960s; and
explain how events in the 1920s may have contributed to developments in the
later decade.

Chooseoneof the following topics:

a. Native
Americans

b. African
Americans

c.
Immigrants

d. Women

e. Foreign
affairs

f. Civil
liberties

g. The
economy

h. The
role and powers of the presidency



The paper
must be eight to ten pages in length and formatted according to APA style. The
coverage of each subtopic should be about a page long; the paper should also
include an introduction and a conclusion which synthesizes and summarizes the
findings of the body paragraphs, and develops a thesis—or interpretive
argument—from them. You must use at least eight scholarly resources other than
the textbook to support your claims. You must use at least one scholarly source
for each subtopic. You must use at least two primary sources, and at least two
scholarly secondary sources from the Ashford Online Library’s databases. Many
great sources have provided for you in the recommended readings section for
each week; feel free to use those in your paper. Cite your sources within the
text of your paper and on the reference page. For information regarding APA,
including samples and tutorials, visit the Ashford Writing Center, located
within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar, in your
online course.

	

CREATING AND MAINTAINING A DESIRED BRAND IDENTITY IN THE KOTLER AND LEE TEXTBOOK.

CREATING AND MAINTAINING A DESIRED BRAND IDENTITY IN THE KOTLER AND LEE TEXTBOOK.

Prepare a summary of a portion of this week’s readings. Reading summaries will have six parts: Prepare a reference for the summarized section in APA format. Statement describing the thesis or theme of the reading. Write 150 – 200 word summary of content in point form. Comment on how another reading applies to the topic of your summary. Provide a reference for the other reading. Apply the reading to your work (or future work) situation. Summary must be a minimum of 250-300 words. Use academically acceptable references in APA format. Complete the summary by Thursday evening and then comment on two other student summaries. Completed assignment is due Saturday night. You must post your reading summary before seeing other student summaries. Follow this example when doing your reading summaries. The section name and page numbers change each week and correspond to the section of the reading that you summarize. Reference: Kotler, P. & N. Lee. (2007). Improving public sector performance by seizing opportunities to meet citizen needs. In Marketing in the Public Sector: A Roadmap for Improved Performance. (pp. 3-13). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Wharton School Publishing.Theme: By meeting citizen needs, public agency performance can be improvedPerformance in the public service may be measured in terms of how well the agency meets the Common Good, which is creating the “greatest possible good for the greatest possible number of people.” Good in the public sector can be defined by three measures often referred to as the triple bottom line – social good, economic good, and environmental good. Kotler and Lee show how fundamental, proven marketing principles can achieve these goals. When public agencies show they offer quality programs and services, they receive increased public interest, revenues and satisfaction. By reporting on public performance, they get more support for programs. By communicating effectively, they motivate the public to comply voluntarily to regulations and requests. By providing easy access to services, they get more citizen participation and decrease operating costs. By working with the private sector, they can expand services and make them more convenient. Other reading: By working together public sector agencies can surpass the level of services delivered in the traditional way of offering solitary programs. Developing mutual understanding among concern agencies and a healthy relationship between practitioners and the public go a long way in promoting the common good. Glasby, J. (2006). Get involved rather than watch from the sidelines. Education For Primary Care, 17(3), 265-266. Application: Marketing and improved customer service can help my agency deliver programs more efficiently to more people.

uop MGT/426 week 2 assignment

Question
	

 

 

 
Week Two: Preparing
 for Change
 

 

 

 

 
 

 
Details
 
 

 
Due
 
 

 
Points
 

 

 

 
Objectives
 
 

 
1
 
 
1.1
 Explain the importance of understanding shared vision and
 organizational culture in the context of change. 
 
1.2
 Define modeling as a facilitator of change. 
 
1.3
 Explain three models of change. 
 
1.4
 Identify both organizational and individual causes of resistance to
 change. 
 
1.5
 Describe how Lewin's theory of change can be used to overcome
 resistance to change.
 
 

 
9/19/2013
 
6:00pm
 
 

 

 

 

 

 
Reading
 
 

 
Read Ch. 5-9 of Managing
 Organizational Change.
 
 

 
9/19/2013
 
6:00pm
 
 

 

 

 

 

 
Reading
 
 

 
Read this week’s Electronic Reserve
 Readings.
 
 

 
9/19/2013
 
6:00pm
 
 

 

 

 

 

 
Participation
 
 

 
Participate in class discussion.
 
 

 
9/19/2013
 
10:00pm
 
 

 
4
 

 

 

 
Leaning Team
 
Managing
 Change Presentation Part I
 
 

 
Create a 7- to 10-slide Microsoft®
 PowerPoint® presentation that addresses the following topics. 
 

 
Over
 the course of this class, your Learning Team will develop a comprehensive
 Managing Change Presentation. Each week, your team will add more elements to
 this presentation. By the final week, you will have a cumulative presentation
 that addresses the complete change cycle.
 

 
·
 Select a team member’s work
 organization. Identify a specific change that your Learning Team feels should
 occur in the selected organization. 
 
·
 Prepare a7- to 10-slide Microsoft®
 PowerPoint® presentationdescribing the cycle of change, and the specific change that needs to
 occur within the cycle of change. Be sure to:
 

 
o Compare and contrast continuous
 and discontinuous change in this scenario.
 
o Differentiate between the two
 types of change agents and how one or both can be used in this scenario.
 

 
·
 Format your
 paper consistent with APA guidelines.
 

 
Include speaker notes beneath each
 slide.
 
 

 
9/19/2013
 
6:00pm
 
 

 
5
 

 

 

 
Individual
 
Roles
 of Managers and Individuals Paper
 
 

 
·
 Prepare a 700-1,050-word paper
 assessing the various roles of managers and individuals in the change
 process. 
 
·
 Include an examination of the two types
 of change agents as well as and a manager’s role in combating resistance and
 championing change.
 
·
 Format your
 paper consistent with APA guidelines.
 
·
 Print
 your paper and provide a hard copy to the instructor.
 

 
 

 
9/19/2013
 
6:00pm
 
 

 
6
 

	

Describe three advantages of moving your corporate e-mail to the cloud

Question
	

1.Describe three advantages of moving your corporate e-mail to the cloud. What are three risks involved in moving to cloud-based e-mail? Do the benefits outweigh the risks?
2. Unified communications (UC) is a communications solution that integrates instant messaging, presence information, IP telephony and video conferencing with non real-time services, such as voicemail, SMS, e-mail and fax, into a single user interface. Some predictions say that unified communications is the next direction in corporate communications. Currently, these features tend to be separate applications on our devices. Do you agree that a unified communications solution is the future of corporate communications? Why or why not? Are there any unifying applications, or unified communications successes or failures to support your answer?