Category: Uncategorized

Discuss the process of development of legal personality

Discuss the process of development of legal personality

Topic: Individuals currently have a rather interesting status within international law. They are theoretically subjects to IL, but not fully. This is because they are bound by certain international obligations in which they are held accountable individually. However, they still need, largely at the very least, the State (s) to enforce their rights (human rights for example). Discuss the process of development of legal personality of the individual in international law before and after the twentieth century.

In your text, make sure you:

Reference correctly (in-text references and quotations please, may use footnote) AND present a bibliography at the end. No specific format necessary, as long as formatting is correct and consistent throughout the paper.

Answer the questions relating to the reading material

Show the importance of what you are writing

Link/ connect your ideas clearly

Organize your text (introduction, development and conclusion)

Only include relevant information

Provide examples

When developing your paper, be attentive to answering these questions:

How was the status of the individual under IL before 20th century? (exception to the rule?)

How is it currently?

Landmarks of the change?

Why the change?

How is the status of the individuals different when compared to the States, IOs, NGOs?

Prospects for the future?

Your opinion.

You expect each student to develop their answer using the textbook (or any other resource offered by the instructor). All sources used NEED TO BE REFERENCED PROPERLY. Failing to reference and cite is considered a grave mistake and will have work grade reduced significantly. Two points deduction for all source not properly cited, and works without references at all receive a zero (0). There is no specific format to be used in the referencing, student may choose the format, as long as it is academic.

You just need the information of where you are getting your information. All information used taken from source NEED references (direct citations or indirect paraphrase:when you mention an author’s idea without citing it literally). All sources used need (Name of the author, page #, year) and quotation marks when it is a citation.

All work need a final bibliography as well. Two points deduction for works without final bibliography.

LAN/WAN Configuration and Troubleshooting Guide

LAN/WAN Configuration and Troubleshooting Guide

LAN/WAN Configuration and Troubleshooting Guide

You have been tasked with creating an overall LAN/WAN Configuration and Troubleshooting Guide for a medium-sized business with locations as follows:
Location 1, New York State – 100 users
Location 2, Pennsylvania – 200 users, servers that host email, collaboration tools, and the ERP/CRM system
Location 3, California – 50 users
All with the capability to work from home
You will create a portion of this guide each week, with the final documents due in Week Five.
For Week Four, write a 2- to 3-page proposal using Microsoft® Word for how you would monitor and manage the network connectivity between the sites. The proposal should
include the following:
An accurate account of at least two monitoring tools you could use
An accurate description of at least two metrics and thresholds you would report on
A proposal of how you would configure and verify device-monitoring protocols using an example from one of the Practice Labs and providing insights on how to reasonably
interpret the results from the tool
Research two different network analyzer applications, one that’s a commercial (paid) product, and one that’s an open-source (free) product.
Write a 1- to 2-page comparison using Microsoft® Word. Include the following:
Outline at least three features and benefits of each product
Make a logical recommendation for which Network Analyzer you would choose for a small network consulting organization

PHI 210 Critical Thinking WEEK 11 EXAM

PHI 210 Critical Thinking WEEK 11 EXAM

PHI 210 Critical Thinking WEEK 11 EXAM

Cliff wants to determine whether people prefer red apples or green apples. In order to obtain good results, he decides to conduct this survey at a car festival. Out of
the 5000 people who attended the festival, Cliff surveys 10 attendees randomly. The survey reads, “Which do you prefer, red apples or green apples?” Seven of ten
people surveyed answer that they prefer red apples. From his survey, Cliff concludes that most people prefer red apples. Cliff’s results may not be reliable because of
which of the following problems with his study?

• Question 2

While sitting in a parking lot after work, Brandon witnesses someone step around a garbage bag on the ground. This leads Brandon to question people’s reaction to
litter. If Brandon were to conduct an investigation, which part of the investigation will he have already completed?

• Question 3

While scientific explanations provide compelling evidence for claims and produce verifiable insights, they are also _________.

• Question 4

Conspiracy theories often lack which of the following?

• Question 5

A student is designing an experiment to find out if the following statement is true: “If you get at least six hours of sleep, you will do better in class than if you
get fewer than six hours of sleep.” The statement is an example of which of the following?

• Question 6

Angela and Glenn are deciding if they should get married. Their biggest point of contention by far is over money. Angela believes strongly that the right way to handle
family finances is to save as much as possible for the future. Glenn, however, has no problem spending freely, using credit cards, and borrowing for lifestyle. As
Angela is considering whether or not to marry Glenn, which of the following questions would help her to evaluate the problem of finances?

• Question 7

A good practice when making a decision involves which of the following?

• Question 8

Dharamdas is looking to buy a new laptop since his old laptop has finally stopped working. He has made a list of all the laptop brands that could potentially fit his
needs, and now he is reading reviews and narrowing down his list based on what he learns. Which stage in the problem-solving process is Dharamdas practicing?

• Question 9

Clinton graduated college with a bachelor’s degree in mathematics. While in school he turned down the option to stay an extra year and earn a master’s degree in
engineering. Currently, Clinton is having a difficult time finding employment as a mathematician, while all of his engineering friends easily found jobs. What question
is Clinton likely asking himself when reflecting upon his decision to not get the master’s degree, which has made it more difficult for him to find a job?

• Question 10

After weeks of touring different places to live, Maria signs the lease for an apartment in a new city. Three weeks later, she notices there is a severe ant problem in
the apartment and she decides that next time she is apartment-hunting, she’ll ask the landlord about any potential insect problems before she signs her lease. Which
stage in the problem-solving process is Maria practicing?

• Question 11

Why might advertisers find it appealing to promise that they have a “better” product than the competition?

• Question 12

To Albert, the word “love” brings up positive feelings about his son; to Raj, it brings up negative feelings about a previous relationship; and to Anthony, it refers
to the warm feeling he gets during family gatherings. Which category of meaning are these statements describing?

• Question 13

A reader analyzes the four categories of meaning in order to do what?

• Question 14

“Acknowledging a right to benefit from the presence of animals requires government action to ensure human access to animals in a number of different spheres,” writes
Jessica Pierce, Ph.D., in Psychology Today. The pragmatic meaning of the term “right” in this statement is _________.

• Question 15

Which statement best describes the relationship between intent and form?

• Question 16

A state senator testifies under oath not to accept a large campaign contribution. The prosecutor argues the senator lied under oath, so the senator should go to jail.
What is the enthymeme in the prosecutor’s argument?

• Question 17

Consider the following argument: Premise 1: Steven played a video game with heavy gun use. Premise 2: Simulating shooting guns at people is wrong. Conclusion:
Therefore, Steven should not be playing the video game. The statement, “Steven should not be playing the video game,” is an example of which of the following?

• Question 18

Which of the following is the BEST example of an amoral claim?

• Question 19

Every day on his way to work, Frederic stops by a large chain hotel at which he is not staying, walks into the lobby, and helps himself to the continental breakfast.
He believes this is the right thing to do because it saves him a lot of money and is very convenient. What ethical theory is he using to justify his actions?

• Question 20

A top official of the government is presenting a case for the continued use of drone airplanes in military conflicts. The official states that “using drones during
military surveillance missions is the right course of action because it saves soldiers’ lives.” What is the enthymeme in the official’s argument?

• Question 21

An expert may not be considered a credible source if he or she has _________.

• Question 22

The false dichotomy fallacy is a fallacy in which the arguer _________.

• Question 23

Which of the following is an example of a “loaded question”?

• Question 24

Annie argues that reducing carbon emissions in the United States will take a toll on the economy far exceeding any potential environmental benefits. Leo responds by
arguing that several Scandinavian countries produce less carbon than the United States. What fallacy is Leo committing?

• Question 25

When the topic at hand is a complicated scientific issue, it is important to _________.

MBAF 603 – Finance historically provides the network

MBAF 603 – Finance historically provides the network

MBAF 603 – Finance historically provides the network

Read the following statements and let me know your thoughts on whether you agree or disagree with them:

1.- Finance historically provides the network for linking investors with capitalists and entrepreneurs. It is the transfer of funds from those who have idle funds to
those who have opportunities for putting those funds to work in creating wealth. A basic tenet of finance is to maximize wealth for shareholders.

2.- Financialization is the process of re-distributing wealth from those who invest and those who create wealth to those who facilitate the financing and investing
processes. Re-distribution comes in the form of excessive fees and charges imposed by financial institutions on financial transactions.

3.-The Netherlands and Britain fell from global economic prominence due to the financialization of their economies. The United States is following the same path. The
United States is experiencing financialization on several economic fronts.

4.- The re-distribution of wealth from shareholders to executives results in the concentration of wealth at the executive level without comparable creation of wealth
for workers and shareholders. An example is the retirement package of Pfizer’s chief executive. As reported in the New York Times in 2006, the package resulted in a
windfall of 200 million dollars to the C-E-O while stockholders realized a 40 percent loss in company value during his tenure.

5.- Another example of financialization is the mortgage lending industry. Home ownership is an equity builder for mainstream Americans. Equity is built up in the home
as the mortgage is paid down, coupled with home improvements and custodial care of the property.

6.-Financialization results when homebuyers are duped into high-risk mortgages structured to offer upfrontqualification but down-the-road foreclosure. These mortgages
are often re-structured and sold as mortgage pass-through securities to general investors.

7.- Financial institutions collect millions of dollars in fees from the transactions. Upon foreclosure, the properties are turned over rapidly, resulting in more fees.
The homeowners lose any equity or opportunity to build equity. The purpose of this entire process appears to be generating fees, not creating equity wealth.

Other examples of financialization include credit card companies, trading and brokerage bonuses, and the national debt.

FINA2005 – Derivatives and Risk Management Module 2 Torrens University Australia

FINA2005 – Derivatives and Risk Management Module 2 Torrens University Australia

FINA2005 – Derivatives and Risk Management Module 2

Torrens University Australia
FINA2005 Derivatives and Risk Management Module 2 homework questions
1. Differentiate between spot price and forward price.
2. Differentiate between price and value of a forward contract.
3. Explain interest rate parity and how this parity relationship helps to
calculate forward exchange rates from the spot exchange rates. Why
do interest rates vary between two countries?
4. Calculate the six-month forward exchange rate between Great Britain Pound (GBP) and
Australian dollar (AUD) if the spot exchange rate for GBP is 1.645 AUD, the Australian
risk-free rate is 2.50% and UK risk-free rate is 2%. Assume that the interest rates are
annually compounded.
5. Calculate the six-month forward exchange rate between Great Britain
Pound (GBP) and Australian dollar (AUD) if the spot exchange rate for
GBP is 1.645 AUD, the Australian risk-free rate is 2.50% and UK riskfree rate is 2%. Assume that the interest rates are continuously
compounded.
6. Suppose you buy a forward contract today at a price of $95. The contract expires in 30
days. The risk-free rate is 3 percent. Now 10 days later, the spot price of the asset is $102.
What is the value of this forward contract 10 days after the contract was bought? Assume
that the interest rates are annually compounded.
7. Suppose you buy a forward contract today at a price of $95. The
contract expires in 30 days. The risk-free rate is 3 percent. Now 10
1 days later, the spot price of the asset is $102. What is the value of this
forward contract 10 days after the contract was bought? Assume that
the interest rates are continuously compounded.
8. Should the forward contract (or futures contract) price be higher or
lower when the underlying generates cash flows and by how much?
Explain with an example of a stock that pays dividends.
9. Should the forward contract (or futures contract) value be higher or
lower when the underlying generates cash flows and by how much?
Explain with an example of a stock that pays dividends.
10. How do cost of carry and risk premium impact the forward contract (or
futures contract) price? What are the elements of cost of carry? 2

PRINCIPLES OF FINANCE ASSIGNMENT

PRINCIPLES OF FINANCE ASSIGNMENT

PRINCIPLES OF FINANCE ASSIGNMENT

Each Question carries three marks each.
1. Case Study:
You own a cement company, and deal with most the local contractors for cement, sand, etc.
You have a reputation of high quality products, and for good customer service with your
customers. Your foreman has just run the standard quality control tests you have performed
regularly on your products.
When the test results are ready, you discover that the new batch of product is 9% less durable
than your usual material. It is still well above all industry standards and meets all building
codes and requirements for the purposes for which it is intended, but it is, nevertheless, not
up to your usual standards. Throwing it away would cost your company many thousands of
dollars.
You decide to sell the cement anyway and increase the net sale and earn more profit.
Support your answer with logic and reasons.
Answer may vary from student to students.
Questions:
1-Should you tell your customers about the cement and quality?

2-Should you discount the price to increase more sale and earn more profit? Is it ethical
profitable business?

3-Would you use this cement on foundations for your own house? 2. Given below are comparative balance sheets and an income statement for the Copper
Corporation:
Copper Corporation
Balance Sheets – Current Year
Dec. 31
Jan. 1
Cash
$ 31,600
$ 26,900
Accounts receivable
252,000
216,000
Inventory
173,000
178,000
Equipment (net)
129,000
152,000
$572,900
$585,600
Accounts payable $135,000 $147,000 Dividends payable 18,000 14,000 Share capital, $9 par 90,000
342,600
$585,600 90,000
321,900
$572,900 Retained earnings Copper Corporation
Income Statement for the
Current Year
Sales
Cost of goods sold
Gross profit on sales
Operating expenses
Operating income
Interest expense and
income taxes
Profit $936,000
(515,000)
$421,000
(332,000)
$ 89,000
(39,000)
$ 50.000 All sales were made on account. Cash dividends declared during the year totaled $29,300.
Compute and interpret the following:
a Average accounts receivable turnover b Book value per share at the end of the current year c Earnings per share d Return on assets e Return on ordinary shareholders’
equity 3. Saudi Electricity Company management has just completed an assessment of the company’s
assets and liabilities as on 31-12-2016 and has obtained the following information.
a) 1-The firm has total current assets worth $625,000 at book value and $519,000 at market
value.
b) Its long-term assets include plant and equipment valued at market for $695,000, While
their book value is $940,000. c) The Company’s total current liabilities are valued at market for $543,000, while their
book value is $495,000. Both the book value and the market value of long-term debt is
$350,000.
d) If the company’s total assets are equal to a market value of $1,214,000 (book value of
$1,565,000),
From the above information:
What are the book value and market value of its stockholders’ equity?

4. Critical thinking
Your friend, Khaled, believes that since capital markets are efficient, he doesn’t need to read the
financial press or be involved in stock research before purchasing stocks for his portfolio. He
simply throws darts at the stock pages and buys the stocks the darts hit. Is stock research and
analysis important when buying and selling stocks in an efficient market?

5. Give an example of how a conflict of interest may arise between Bondholders and
Stockholders?

FIN 340 – Which of the following risks confronting ABC

FIN 340 – Which of the following risks confronting ABC

FIN 340 – Which of the following risks confronting ABC
FINC 340: INVESTMENTS
UNIT #6A WEEKLY QUIZ QUESTION SHEET DIRECTIONS: Here is the Unit #6 Weekly Quiz Question Sheet that you should submit to your Unit
#6 Homework Assignment Folder.
Please submit your Unit #6 Quiz Answer Sheet in MS Word format with the following file name:
LastNameFirstInitial_Unit 06_QuizAnswerSheet.docx. For example, if you name is John Smith, the
file name of your Answer Sheet should be SmithJ_Unit06_QuizAnswerSheet.docx.
If you have any questions or comments, please do not hesitate to contact me.
NAME: _____________________________________
Question
Number
1 Question
Which of the following risks confronting ABC Worldwide, Inc. is an example
of an unsystematic risk?
A. A possible decline in the value of its holdings of short-term securities
due to fluctuation in interest rates
B. A possible decline in its earnings due to a strike by its employees
C. A possible decline in the purchasing power of its net income due to
inflations
D. A possible decline in its net worth due to the need to reinvest funds
from an investment at a lower rate than was earned initially 2 According to Markowitz risk can be:
A. Minimized and eliminated without diversification
B. Eliminated without compromizing the overall returns
C. Minimized by selecting an optimum combination of investments
D. Analyzed exclusively 3 Which of the following statement(s) concerning beta coefficients is (are)
correct?
(1) Investors who tend to be risk averse should have a portfolio made up
mostly of high-beta-coefficient securities.
(2) Beta coefficients of particular securities change over time
(3) Beta coefficients are constructed based on past data
A.
B.
C.
D. (1) only
(1) and (3) only
(1) and (2) only
(2) and (3) only 1 4 A measure of the degree to which two variables move predictably is known
as
A. Covariance
B. Standard deviation
C. Semi-variance
D. Positive selection 5 Which of the following concerning the standard deviation of a stock’s rate of
return is (are) correct:
(1) The standard deviation of a stock’s rate of return reflects both the
systematic and unsystematic risks associated with a stock
(2) Approximately 68% of the rates of return on the stock will fall within
plus or minus one stand deviation of the average rate of return
A.
B.
C.
D. 6 (1) only
(2) only
Both (1) and (2)
Neither (1) nor (2) Items that circumvent Fisher’s Perfect World include:
I.
No barriers to trade
II.
Free flow of information
III.
The firm’s indepent decisionmaking
IV.
Satisfying stockholder wealth maximization criteria
V.
Investor’s receiving regular dividends
A.
B.
C.
D. I, II, III
I, II, III IV,
II, III, IV, V
I, II, III, IV, V 7 Which of the following concerning systematic and/or unsystematic risk is not
correct?
A.. Unsystematic risk can be reduced through diversification of a portfolio
B. A coefficient of determination of .75 in a portfolio means that 75% of the
portfolio risk is unsystematic
C. A portfolio’s beta is a measure of its systematic risk
D. A fully diversified portfolio has no unsystematic risk ‘ 8 Portfolio risks can be calculated. Which of the following statistical formulas
calculate portfolio risk?
A. Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)
B. Correlation coefficient
C. Beta
D. Standard deviation of the variance of returns 9 Unsystematic risk is diversifiable:
A. True
2 B. False
10 The beta of a security:
I.
Is not the same as its systematic risk level
II.
Can be measured by standard deviation
III.
Is the slop of the capital market line
A.
B.
C.
D. III only
II only
I and III only
None of the above 11 Investment risk can best be defined as the _________ in the expected
return of an investment.
A. volatility
B. stematic component
C. variability
D. unsystematic component 12 Stocks X and Y produced the following returns in recent years:
Year
1
2
3
4
5
Avg Stock X
6%
8%
4%
9%
11%
7.6% Stock Y
2%
0%
10%
12%
14%
7.6% Which of the following are the standard deviations of the returns on the two
stocks?
A. X = 2.7, Y = 6.2
B. X = 2.7, Y = 4.8
C. X = 3.8, Y = 6.5
D. X = 3.8, & = 5.9 3

MGT 230 – Crashing a schedule entails

MGT 230 – Crashing a schedule entails

MGT 230 – Crashing a schedule entails

Q1. Crashing a schedule entails:

a. adding extra resources to the job to speed things up

b. abandoning a schedule, and replacing it with a new one that takes into account current information

c. recognizing that because a schedule will not be achieved, it should be abandoned

d. lengthening the amount of time tasks need to be carried out in order to reflect the realities of getting a job done

Q2. A call option is the opportunity to sell a stock at a given price within a defined time frame.

a. true

b. false

Q3. When viewing the Net Present Value (NPV) of an investment opportunity, you are looking at:

a. The rate of return on your investment over a fixed period of time

b. The profit associated with your future investment measured in terms of today’s dollars

c. The point of time in which the investment finally has returns that are greater than outlays

d. Discounted, pre-tax profits

Q4. Treasury notes and bonds are examples of:

a. Risky investments

b. Above zero risk options

c. Zero risk options

d. Unreliable measures of rate of return on investments

Q5. In making decisions using benefit-cost analysis, analysts often find themselves struggling to deal with trade-offs between benefits and costs.

a. true

b. false

Q6. IRR is the best capital budgeting technique because it identifies the rate of return on an investment.

a. true

b. false

Q7. A price elasticity of 1.2 indicates that:

a. an item costs 20% more after an increase in demand than before

b. a 10% increase in demand leads to a 12% increase of revenue

c. a 1% increase in quantity demanded, leads to a 1.2% decrease in price

d. a 1% increase in price, leads to 1.2% decrease in quantity demanded

Q8. Benefit-cost analyses can be qualitative.

a. true

b. false

Q9. On the balance sheet, patented technology should appear as:

a. a short term asset

b. a long term asset

c. a short term liability

d. a long term liability

Q10. Following are the benefit-cost ratios for three investment opportunities. Which is the best investment?

Investment opportunity Benefit-cost ratio

A 1.8

B 2.1

C 1.5

a. A

b. B

c. C

d. We have insufficient information to determine which investment opportunity is the most attractive

Q11. The financial tool that shows the profitability of an enterprise is called:

a. a cash flow statement

b. a balance sheet

c. a pro forma statement

d. an income statement

Q12. Mixed costs can have a fixed and variable component to them.

a. true

b. false

Q13. In options trading, strike price is the price of a stock determined by market forces.

a. true

b. false

Q14. A frequently encountered problem with budgets is that the project cost data that forms the basis of the budget is often based on optimistic assumptions.

a. true

b. false

Q15. The coding system by which project financial data are organized is called:

a. the code of accounts

b. the general ledger

c. the cost account

d. the chart of accounts

Q16. I need two designers working three days each to design a new software system. One code-writer will spend eleven days writing software to implement the design. One
tester will test and correct the resulting code over three days. What is the level of effort associated with this project?

a. 20 person days

b. $2,525

c. 15 days

d. Cannot compute without data on indirect costs

Q17. In doing benefit-cost analysis, you often encounter situations where an element of the analysis can be treated as either a cost or benefit.

a. true

b. false

Q18. The condition where you have one all-powerful buyer of goods and services is called:

a. Monopsony

b. Monopoly

c. Oligopoly

d. Imperfect competition

Q19. The best way to develop a budget is to identify all the things you want and to include these items in the budget

a. true

b. false

Q20. A benefit-cost ratio is a measure of how efficiently investment dollars are being used.

a. true

b. false

Q21. In principle, the salary paid a worker should be:

a. less than the required level of profit

b. equal to minimum wage requirements

c. determined by opportunity costs of the investment opportunity

d. less than the worker’s value marginal product

Q22. The Caldor-Hicks criterion is an approach to determining the benefits associated with public sector projects.

a. true

b. false

Q23. An advantage that the accrual method has over the cash method of accounting is that:

a. It is an insurance against financial scandals

b. It makes it more difficult for a company to overstate its revenues

c. The cost of doing a job is tied to the time period when payment was made for the work effort

d. The cost of doing a job is tied to the time when the work was done

Q24. With diminishing returns:

a. as inputs into a process increase, output decreases

b. as output decreases, inputs into a process decrease

c. as inputs into a process increase, outputs increase at a decreasing rate

d. as inputs decrease, outputs decrease as well

Q25. Capital expenditures are those that will benefit the firm for a period of time of more than a year.

a. true

b. false

Q26. An assessment of high impact project requirements finds that the following requirements have varying beneficial impacts (indicated by percentage figure in
parentheses). The Pareto Rule suggests which requirements should be addressed first?

Requirements and their corresponding beneficial impacts: A (2%), B (50%), C (2%), D(5%), E(10%), F(1%), G (30%), H (1%), I (2%), J(2%)

a. A, C, F, H, I, J

b. B, G

c. B, G, E

d. A, B, E

Q27. Which of the following items is an example of direct costs?

a. The cost of lumber used in building a structure

b. Lease payments for office space

c. Cost of heating and air conditioning

d. Salaries of supervisors, secretaries, and attorneys

Q28. Wages for a project are $50,000. Fringe benefits and overhead add up to an additional $100,000. What is the loading or burden rate for the work effort?

a. $50,000

b. 2.00

c. 3.00

d. $100,000

Q29. When preparing a bid price for a project, Debby uses the following data: John’s salary ($20,000), Mary’s salary ($30,000), cost of materials ($10,000), required
profit ($10,000). What is the bid price for doing the project?

a. $70,000

b. $60,000

c. More than $70, 000, because cost overruns always occur

d. More than $70,000 in order to include indirect costs

Q30. James increases the price of a widget from $10 to $12. As a result, sales drop from $10,000 to $7,000. Price elasticity here is:

a. 0.67

b. 1.00

c. 1.50

d. 2.00

Q31. If your project was supposed to have spent $100,000 to date, has actually spent $120,000, but has done $80,000 worth of work (your earned value), what is your
cost variance according to the earned value management perspective?

a. on target performance

b. $20,000 overrun

c. $40,000 overrun

d. $60,000 overrun

Q32. At the beginning of the year, Hank puts $100,000 into an investment. At the end of the year, the investment is completed and he is given a check for $110,000.
Meanwhile, Susan puts $100,000 in another investment, and receives $140,000. In retrospect, what was Hank’s opportunity cost?

a. $30,000

b. $40,000

c. $100,000

d. $110,000

Q33. In SWOT analyses, ‘weakness’ refers to:

a. internal factors that can harm project performance

b. external factors that can harm project performance

c. situations where costs exceed benefits

d. projects that have not yet achieved profitability

Q34. A budget variance of -10% for expenditures during the month of April shows that a project is:

a. losing money

b. will face a cost overrun at its conclusion

c. is still on target

d. We don’t have enough information to determine budget status

Q35. Critics of using NPV analysis for the purpose of making investment decisions maintain that:

a. you cannot use it productively, since it is impossible to know what cash flows will be

b. it is biased against long-term investments

c. it only shows the relative performance of a project and not absolute levels of profitability

d. it does not take into account risk

Q36. NPV and IRR analyses are basically the same, but viewed from different perspectives.

a. true

b. false

Q37. It is generally a good idea to develop budget worksheets as a precursor to full fledged budgets.

a. true

b. false

Q38. The IRR figure resulting from an analysis of projected cash flows can be used:

a. to negotiate an interest rate for a bank loan

b. to measure the profitability of the investment

c. to assess the payback point of the investment

d. to compare the investment opportunity being examined with other investment opportunities

Q39. Zero based budgeting looks at last year’s expenditures as the basis of computing this year’s budget.

a. true

b. false

Q40. If a frost causes widespread damages to orange crops in Florida, and this leads to a jump in the price of oranges, this can be captured by movement along the
demand curve.

a. true

b. false