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“History of Aviation the Wright Brothers”

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Opposition Argument Analysis

Just like the Argument Summary assignment you just completed, this is designed to help you become more familiar with argument, and with your position in general, by
analyzing the opposing points of your ownargument. Too often, we either dismiss opposing views or divert our argument away from them without fully exploring or
understanding them. As a result, we often focus on one-sided arguments that are overly simplistic or, too often, disingenuous because we don’t fully understand how
complex they are or why people hold positions different from the one we present. This kind of closed thinking is evident as our nation debates many important issues
and in our own lives as well. To help us avoid this thinking error in our own work, this assignment will help us better understand our overall topic by becoming
intimately familiar with the opposing points of view.

The object of this assignment is to summarize the strongest opposing arguments from the conditions of rebuttal in your Toulmin Outline. To do this successfully, you
will summarize the opposing points in specific detail, using unbiased language. Our job in this essay is not to pass judgment on the position, but to come to truly
understand it by informing ourselves. From this, we may see a side to our topic that we have dismissed or that we are unaware of, and we may gain a deeper
understanding of the underlying issues that make these topics so difficult to solve. This summary should follow the same format as the previous assignment, including a
clear introduction of the argument, a body (in which you detail the argument), and a conclusion that summarizes the strongest points. If there are multiple sources of
opposition, please choose the one you feel to be most credible for this assignment.

For examples, please look at the UMN Writing Center at:

http://www.tc.umn.edu/~jewel001/CollegeWriting/WRITEREAD/Summary/samples.htm (Links to an external site.)

Requirements

One-page, single-spaced analysis of your Toulmin Outline

12-Point Times New Roman Font

Professional Tone

Summary/Opposition Rubric (2) (1)
Summary/Opposition Rubric (2) (1)
CriteriaRatingsPts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeIntroduction, thesis and conclusion
Intro establishes context, the overall point is clear. Clear conclusion
10.0 pts
Insufficient context, or the point is slightly unclear or unfocused
7.0 pts
Little connection between ideas distracts from the author’s main point
5.0 pts
No identifiable point to the essay. The essay is one long summary of the work.
3.0 pts
10.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeCritical Thinking
evidence, claims, and conclusions are effectively analyzed and evaluated
10.0 pts
demonstrates some synthesis and critical thought, but fails to connect all ideas
7.0 pts
critical thinking and analysis are almost completely absent
5.0 pts
evidence, claims, and conclusions are ineffectively analyzed and evaluated
3.0 pts
10.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAnalysis, language, and logical fallacies
The summary is clear and well supported by specific examples from the text.
10.0 pts
The summary is good, but could be clearer or better supported
7.0 pts
The summary is unclear and there are very few, if any, specific examples connecting the ideas
5.0 pts
The summary is missing or unidentifiable
3.0 pts
10.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeOrganization
The essay is well organized and the flow of ideas is logical and effective.
10.0 pts
The essay is mostly well organized and logical but some paragraphs are vague slightly disjointed
7.0 pts
Ideas are not logically ordered and the paragraphs are difficult to connect
5.0 pts
Ideas are disjointed and disconnected. The paragraphs are not connected in any logical way
3.0 pts
10.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeLanguage, mechanics, and audience awareness
The essay is engaging and has an identifiable voice. The author uses transitions and professional language. No grammar errors
10.0 pts
The analysis is mostly engaging, but a few grammar errors or lack of professional tone distract from the flow. Some transitions are used
7.0 pts
The summary is difficult to follow and repeated grammar errors distract from the point. Very few transitions are used
5.0 pts
The tone is unprofessional, opinionated and overly emotional. There are too many grammar errors to follow the essay and no transitions.
3.0 pts
10.0 pts
Total Points: 50.0
Mahmoud Alhujayri
Dustin Crawford
English 2010
2/28/2017

“History of Aviation the Wright Brothers”
Claim: Wright Brothers started the history of aviation.
Reasons:
Bishop Wright one day brought Wilburn and Orville Wright a small toy helicopter that was made up of wood and two curled rubber bands as a small propeller. Both the
brothers played with it until it broke. After that, they made new copies of toys themselves. They also sold their toys to their friends. So it developed an interest of
flying in them.
Wright Brothers started the printing business in 1889 together but after 3 years they started the business of bicycle. They started selling repaired bikes initially.
They establish their own brand in 1896. By working on bikes Wright Brothers generated an idea of flight.
They used the technology about which they got knowledge from bicycles on airplanes.
That technology included spoke wires, sprockets, chains, and ball bearings. From bicycles they learned to balance and control their aircraft.
Orville and Wilburn Wright performed different experiments to fulfill their dream of inventing an aircraft.
They also learned different techniques to control aircraft such as they realized the need of 3 axes of motions.
Orville and Wilbur got this idea from the flying bird. They saw the birds twisting and curving their wings.
They also performed Kite/glider Experiments.
In 1899 the Wright Brothers began their research on aeronautical research. They used to test their notions of aircraft with a small kite having a five-foot wingspan.
They built a machine in 1900 that carry a pilot in it.
Their 1900 aircraft was not that successful so they flew it as a kite and collected information to improve the functioning of their machine.
Assumptions:
Innovators made several assumptions about the development of flight. Since all the animals that fly have wings so innovators though of developing strap on wings. To
test their assumption they would have to jump from the tall building.
Some other innovators built flying machines and took years to build costly prototypes. All of them failed during the testing process.
The modern innovators can learn from the approaches adopted by Wright Brothers.
The Wright Brothers were flawless experimenters.
They adopted simple and low-risk ways to test their assumptions.
Wright Brother flew kites to test their assumptions.
The Innosight advised a big consumer product company to deliver a device to centralized points on campuses.
The business plans were assumed to take 3 months to get approval to sell their devices at school. They could pilot the idea at dew schools. But school slowly processes
that approval because they assumed to approach it differently.
Backing:
As Wright Brothers started their aeronautical research in 1899, the first aircraft they flew was a kite.
Their first experiment did not produce less lift than expected. They tested small wing model to simulate flight conditions. The wind tunnel they used was a box that
had a fan with mounted wings attached on a particular balance inside a tunnel. By using that device, Wright brothers design the wings of gliders and powerful aircraft
that would carry them into the air for flight. They got the information on satisfactory wing shape. Wright brothers discovered the wing warping through gliders test
that formed an unequal drag alongside the two wings. As a result, they developed a direct linkage between the warping system and the radar.
The design was successful and Wrights were ready to move on the nest step that was powered aircraft.
In 1903, the flyer took off on its own power where Orville was flying. After flying for 12 seconds it covered a distance of 37 meters.
Orville and Wilbur took three more flights on that day.
The fourth flight was the longest one which traveled 260 meters in the duration of 59 seconds.
After their success in North, Caroline Wright brothers continued with their experiments on flying.
Conditions of Rebuttal:
The critics of Wright brothers call their photos the Lost Flights of the Wright Brothers as none of their photo got published ever.
The European aviators criticized Wright Aircraft and call their forward elevator as unstable.
The Wright Aircraft gallop as compare to other aircraft and pilot tried to maintain their attitude. (Wright-brothers.org)
Moreover, some new evidence suggests that a German immigrant flew 2 years before Wright’s Brother took off their flight at Kitty Hawk.
Today a growing number of aviation experts deny the history of Wright Brothers.
The first flight of an n airplane was made by the German immigrants Gustave Whitehead in Connecticut before 2 years. However, its photo is blurry. ( ZENNIE, 2013)
Qualifier:
History has revealed that history of aircraft begins with the Wright brothers.
The evidence in the favor of Gustave Whitehead is small in number as compare to those of Wright Brothers.
However, there are a number of photos of Wright Brothers flying while there is none a single photo as an evidence for Gustave Whitehead’s first light. (Crouch, 2013)
References
ZENNIE, M. (2013, March 14 ). Is history wrong about the Wright Brothers? New evidence suggests German immigrant flew TWO YEARS before pioneers took off at Kitty Hawk.
daily mail.
Brunson , A. (2002, Jul 19). HISTORY CHANNEL FILMS WRIGHT FLYER PROJECT. The Herald Journal .
Centennial of Flight. (n.d.). The Wright Way:The Process of Invention. NASA.
Crouch, T. (2013, Mar 18). Air and Space Curator: The Wright Brothers Were Most Definitely the First in Flight. Smithsonian.com.
Wright-brothers.org. (n.d.). The Lost Flights of the Wright’s Brothers. Retrieved Mar 03, 2017, from http://www.wright-
brothers.org/History_Wing/Aviations_Attic/Lost_Flights/Lost_Flights.htm

Name three strategies that you use to motivate yourself to overcome difficulties when learning and researching. 2. In your opinion, what is the most important step to take when reading research articles? According to the material you’ve watched and read, what is the most important step to take when reading research articles?

PART 2
Your first writing assignment in WRTG 391 will be a Summary of Research Findings.  Please watch the video– How to Read and Comprehend Scientific Research Articles:
Summary of Research Findings.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2K6mJkSWoA&feature=youtu.be
Respond to this discussion topic by answering the following questions.

1. Name three strategies that you use to motivate yourself to overcome difficulties when learning and researching.
2. In your opinion, what is the most important step to take when reading research articles? According to the material you’ve watched and read, what is the most
important step to take when reading research articles?
3. What obstacles make finding “meaning” difficult when reading a research article? What suggestions from the video and the template will help one to overcome these
obstacles to meaning?
4. What research topic do you think that you will focus upon for this semester’s work? Why?
5. After watching the first two library tutorials
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-sAimlKuZE

please find two articles on your chosen research topic that review and give the findings of a research study.  In responding to this discussion topic, give the author
(s), the title of the article, and a brief one- or two-sentence description of the research study and its findings.
The activity in this last task will help you get started on your Summary of Research Findings, which is writing assignment #1.
Thank you.

The Pressure to Overstate Stock Valuation

Learning Activity #1
The Pressure to Overstate Stock Valuation
You have been the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) for a large pharmaceutical company for 15 years. The Company’s year-end is March 31 and you are finishing the year end
accounts. You have recently been advised by the Chief Operating Officer (COO) of a significant level of slow moving stock. The stock in question is now more than nine
months old and would normally have been written down some months previously. The shareholders are trying to sell the Company and the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), who
is also the majority shareholder, has told you that it is not necessary to write down the stock in the year end accounts. You are sure that the CEO wants the financial
statements to carry an inflated stock valuation because he has found a prospective buyer for the Company. The CEO has mentioned to you that if the proposed deal is
successful, all employees will keep their jobs and you will receive a substantial pay increase.
What are the ethical implications of this scenario and how would you resolve them? Are there any ethical theories that might support your answer?
Learning Activity #2
Read the short article and watch the accompanying video:
https://www.apple.com/environment/
Answer the following:
Does it pay to be social responsible? Why or Why not?

Measure performance management in organizations

Reflect on a past work experience where your performance was reviewed and identify three behaviors that were evaluated. In examining the behaviors, which do you feel were task or contextual behaviors? In preparing your response, answer the following questions:

• How appropriate or effective were the metrics that were employed for these behaviors?
• How would you have improved the metrics?
• If there were no metrics in place, which metrics would you suggest? Justify your response.

Be specific and provide examples with references to this week’s literature.

Post in 250 words or more  a cohesive and scholarly response based on your readings and research this week that addresses the following:

Evaluate the use of metrics to measure performance management in organizations. Analyze the behavioral factors that should be considered by an organization when they are measuring an employee’s performance. Justify your responses with references to the literature attached

Attachment:- week 3 reference.pdf

Explain the basic principles involved in establishing a site

Explain the basic principles involved in establishing a site layout for a spill or release response. In your response, include the requirements for air and personnel monitoring.

Your response must be at least 300 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.

Write a corporate management report in which you explore the factors that influence the valuation of the equity of a company

Write a corporate management report in which you explore the factors that influence the valuation of the equity of a company. Be sure your report includes the following: • Assume the CAPM is used to form the weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Form a discussion on the CAPM in which you describe each of the following issues. o Determine how diversification is important in the formation of the CAPM. The discussion should focus on the topics of total risk, systematic risk, and unsystematic risk. o Define and provide numerical illustrations for the CAPM. Show how the model adjusts across different inputs and the consequence for valuation. o Research and defend the validity of the CAPM given the academic literature. Based upon this model, explain the ways that managers can form initiatives to enhance the value of the corporation. Provide numerical illustrations of these initiatives based upon modifying the assumptions in the model and re-calculating the final value. For example, demonstrate how increasing or decreasing the sales growth rate will affect the bottom line valuation of common equity. Support your report with at least five additional peer-reviewed publications. In addition to these specified resources, other appropriate scholarly resources, including older articles, may be included. Length: 5-7 pages, not including title and reference pages

Develop a charter for the rals rostering project

Task – Develop a charter for the RALS Rostering project including:

Include the project description and overview you have developed as part of your preparation for Assessment.

Part One: MOV – Measurable Organisational Value

(This is the goal of the project and is utilised to define the value that your team project will bring to your client)

-Identify the desired area of impact – Rank the following areas in terms of importance: Strategy / Customer / Financial / Operational / Social

-With reference to your project, identify one or two of the following types of value:

• Better – is improving quality important to your client?
• Faster – does your client want to increase efficiency?
• Cheaper – is cutting costs important?
• Do more – does your client want to continue its growth?

-Develop an appropriate metric – this sets the target and expectation of all the stakeholders. It is important to determine a quantitative target that needs to be expressed as a metric in terms of an increase or decrease of money.

-Determine the timeframe for achieving the MOV – ask yourselves, when do we want to achieve this target metric?

-SUMMARISE THE MOV IN A CLEAR CONCISE STATEMENT OR TABLE

Part Two:

Define Scope and produce a Scope Management Plan

Define the scope of the project and detail how the scope will be managed.

Provide a list of Resources

Identify and detail the resources for the project using MS Project where appropriate, including:

• People (and their roles), plus any extra personnel that is required for the project.
• Technology – any hardware, network and software needs to support the team and your client.
• Facilities – where will most of the teamwork be situated?
• Other – for example, travel, training etc.

Part Three:

Using MS Project, develop a schedule using a high level Work Breakdown Structure (WBS). It should include:

• Milestones for each phase and deliverable
• This will tell everyone associated with the project that the phase or deliverable was completed satisfactorily. o Activities I Tasks
• Define a set of activities / tasks that must be completed to produce each deliverable.
• Resource Assignments
• Assign people and resources to each individual activities.
• Estimates for Each Activity / Task
• Develop a time estimate for each task or activity to be completed.

Part Four:

Project Risk Analysis and Plan

• Document any assumptions you have made about the project
• Using the Risk Identification Framework as a basis, identify five risks to the project – one for each of the five phases of the methodology.
• Analyse these risks, assign a risk to an appropriate member, and describe a strategy for the management of each specific risk.

Part Five:

Quality Management Plan. It should include:

• A short statement that reflects your team’s philosophy or objective for ensuring that you deliver a quality system to your client.
• Develop and describe the following that your project team could implement to ensure quality;
• A set of verification activities
• A set of validation activities

Performance Management, another role and responsibility as a Human Resource Manager.

You now have been tasked with Performance Management, another role and responsibility as a Human Resource Manager. It’s important to have a performance management plan
set before the position is hired for. This is for a few reasons: Reduces the chance of bias in a performance evaluation. Reduces the chance of the performance
evaluation not aligning to the position. Sets expectations and standards that the new hire is aware of upfront. Enables all persons of a position to be evaluated on
the same criterion. Since you are new as a Human Resource Manager, and the Claims Supervisor is a new position, you need to have a plan for a performance management
system of the position. You are aware, from the job description, that it will require performance measurements that are both qualitative (text-based) and quantitative
(numbers-based). As the Human Resource Manager for Premium Auto Insurance, it is your role and responsibility to ensure you have a management performance system
without bias, that is legal and ethical, and that the performance system aligns to the position. Conduct academic research using the library’s databases, like Business
Source Complete via EBSCO and Business via ProQuest, as well as reliable webpages and create a minimum 4 page proposal to the CEO in which you complete the following
for approval of a performance management system for the new position, Claims Supervisor: Description of the categories to be measured. Description of ratings to be
used. Example of performance evaluation form. Explanation for each of your recommendations. Remember that this is a proposal. Make sure to format your paper properly
for your proposal. A proposal is a persuasive document, so make sure to use proper language and tone. Remember, you are the HR Manager and you are writing to the CEO
so use a tone in your proposal that is specific to your audience (the CEO). Include an APA formatted reference page with at least 2 credible sources.Make sure to
include APA in-text citations for any information used from outside sources.

Discuss the ethical implications of a leader”s role

Discuss the ethical implications of a leader’s role in the socialization of new hires into the preexisting culture of an organization. What responsibility does a company have to inform newly hired persons that it wants to shape their values, perceptions, and behavior to conform to the organization’s culture? What impact does socialization have on both individual and organizational effectiveness?

What would you recommend to Pat, taking into account the above, and any other important considerations not mentioned for this business?

You are a business consultant. A new client, Pat, recently received a bachelor’s degree in nutrition sciences with a business minor. He has plans for a new business in
which he will provide home-delivered food and formula for infants and young children. Pat initially contacted you for help in writing his business plan. You have just
received the following from Pat: I got the idea for this business while studying at CU. In my nutrition studies at CU, I have been amazed to learn how many babies
don’t get the food that they should, even in today’s world. There seem to be many reasons for this. The top reasons seem to be simple lack of nutritional knowledge of
the parents, laziness of the parents, and the parents being too busy to buy and prepare proper food for their young children in addition to preparing food for the
older members of the household. In addition, I am the youngest of four children; my three older sisters have each had at least one child in the last 5 years, and I
have seen them, all good intentioned, simply get overwhelmed with all that there is to do. Two of them work full time. One of my sisters is a nurse, and said that she
sees lots of parents of young kids who would “do anything” to be able to more easily make sure their kids get a good balance of really nutritious food. So here is the
idea that I alluded to on the phone: My business will work with the parent(s), the child’s doctor, and a nutritionist to plan out a child’s food requirements. Then, we
will prepare all the food needed by the child. We will deliver this at regular intervals, in most cases every 2 or 3 days, but always often enough that the food is
always fresh when consumed. We will be able to handle special dietary needs (such as allergies or other food intolerance) and preferences (such as vegetarian diets and
religious-based restrictions). My company will deliver the food in “heat and eat” containers that are reused. The client does not even need to wash the containers; we
will wash them all in special high-temperature equipment regardless of whether or not it appears that the client has already washed them. Because you are an
established consultant and know about business, what are your thoughts on how I should set up this business? For example, what are my options for different types of
entities and their pros and cons? Like, do I need to incorporate it? Is there anything big that I haven’t thought of? I know that we have talked about some of these in
our prior meetings, but here are some other thoughts and ideas that I have: I want to be in charge of running the business, but I know that others will have more
expertise in certain areas. My sister (the one who is a nurse) is going to be involved in the business, but she can be a little pushy and bossy. My parents are putting
up about $100,000 to help me get the business going. I don’t want to have to mess with paperwork of the business itself because there will be enough of that with the
clients. I plan to run this out of my home, at least at the beginning. Also, I will be using my own vehicle for deliveries, at least at the beginning. I plan to have
different programs for nursing moms vs. those who are not nursing. I plan to include healthy herbal supplements as part of the programs. I realize that as the business
grows, I might have to put a more formal management structure in place. I know this is an issue for later, but I am thinking that if it is successful, I would like to
look into franchising it. After reviewing both this scenario and the Resources for this week, respond to the following: In a 1- to 2-page paper, outline your response
to Pat. What would you recommend to Pat, taking into account the above, and any other important considerations not mentioned for this business? Your written
assignments must follow APA guidelines. Be sure to support your work with specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as
appropriate.