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The British Empire in the 18th and 19th century conquered many countries including the United

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The British Empire in the 18th and 19th century conquered many countries including the United States of America, as it was their tradition the British mistreated the Native Americans just like they had killed, maimed and took land of the Natives of other countries they had conquered. In his book “a different Mirror”, Takaki brings out the suffering the American Natives underwent from their own perspective.

When the British started pouring into America, they did not take into concern of the people living there; they were only interested in taking the land away from the Natives. The British had low regards of the Natives way of life and regarded the Indians as savages, beasts, and other names such as cannibals, and uncivilized Heathens. The British did not like the Indians way of life, they said that the “they lived like herds of deer” (Takaki, pg 33).

The British that their culture was much superior to any other culture in the United States and their way of life much civilized that the Native Americans. They therefore classified the Indians as animals. As more British came to the United States the Natives slowly became the minority, the high numbers of the British meant that they needed more space to settle. In order to the space Indians were evicted from their land and whoever resisted was killed without a second thought. The perception that they were superior pushed the British to even kill Indians and ravage their land as they were animals that were not fit to live amongst them (Takaki, pg 34).

The need to get more land by the British and to push the Indians out resulted to the enacting of a bill known as the Indian Removal Act. The act was enacted on the 28th of May 1830 by Andrew Jackson (Takaki 33). The act directed that the Native Indians should trade the land they wee occupying for another land to the west of the Mississippi. The act was not however without conditions, the president promised “aid” for those people who wanted to move or to those who were moving. The Indians were also assured that the land they were trading would always belong to them regardless who were occupying it, the rule however an exception. The treaty stated that if “Indians become extinct, or abandon the same” then “…such lands shall revert to the United States”. The Indians were also offered protection from any harassment if they moved. After examining the treaty and the accompanying promises, five different tribes resolved to move to the land on the other side of Mississippi with the destination being Oklahoma also known as the Indian Territory (Takaki, pg 33).

Trail of Tears

Over 70,000 Natives embarked on the trek to Oklahoma, a journey that took almost ten years to reach Oklahoma. The trek was given the name Trail of Tears due to the big number of the Natives who died. What had looked as a good deal soon turned into tears as a big number of Natives died along the way due to exhaustion and starvation. One of the tribes that were moving known as the Cherokee lost approximately 3,000 members. The other tribes also lost thousands of their members, and for those who were lucky enough to get to Oklahoma a majority were not spared by diseases and died as a result (Takaki, pg 53).

Nez Perce Tribe

The Nez Perce Tribe was not willing to the designated lands, thus about 750 members of the tribe moved to Montana. They managed to settle in Montana but were not aware of an impending attack from Howard, having fought before to protect their land the Montana attack took them by surprise a significant number of people were killed. Sensing that the whole tribe might be wiped out the chief surrendered and eventually the tribe was forcefully moved to the one of the reservation. In the reservations the natives were not allowed to move freely as they used to, the living conditions were not favorable and a majority died of diseases and hunger (Takaki, pg 53).

African-Americans

The Indians were not the only persons that the British killed or mistreated the African Americans were also tortured by the British, made to work for long hours. Some African –Americans even died from being overworked by the British. The British regarded the African-Americans as uncivilized, and animals. The British were however afraid of the African – Americans, they could not tell what their emotions were the British could not tell when they were angry or happy. Even when mistreated to the extreme the African – Americans did not care, this resulted in the British calling them“Sambo” (Takaki, pg 106). The British however did not bar the African- Americans from living with them; this is because they needed their manpower unlike the Indians (Takaki, pg 50).

Conclusion

The British used intimidation so as to look superior to the other tribes; they knew it was only by instilling fear in the Natives by killing them, taking their land and destroying their crops that they could control them. They had no respect for the cultures of the other tribes and worked hard to destroy them, as they realized there were some cultures that brought the tribes together which could work to their disadvantage.

Work Cited

Takaki, Ronald T.. A different mirror: a history of multicultural America. New York: sage, 2010. Print.

Strike in the Government Sector

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Strike in the Government Sector

The main topic of question here is whether government employees such as the police, military and doctors should be allowed to go on strike or not. In any profession, except in emergency services, the workers have the right to strike. I believe that employees in the government payroll have a valid right to benefit from the same Fundamental International Rights of workers as specificied by the International Labor Organization through its Conventions, and the Right to strike is enlisted in it.

Workers participate in strikes whenever their respective grievances are not met in relation to the services they offer at their work places. Similarly, government employed workers have the Right to strike when the government as their employer fail to meet their end of the bargain. Striking is a measure taken by the employees as a way of ensuring the employers put in place the agreed terms and conditions as stipulated, especially if the employer was initially reluctant in implementing this terms.

The government employees have needs too and if they present their needs to the relevant authorities and are ignored, they find another avenue to air their grievances and in many cases it is often strikes. Moreover, these employees give up much of their personal life for their jobs e.g. a doctor is never on holiday or a fire fighter may be called in case of a nighttime fire. If the employees have genuine complaints about work, they should be allowed to go on strike if previous attempts to resolve the disputes were shunned.

Back in the 1800s, when slavery was a norm in the plantations in the West Indies, it is striking and industrial actions that helped end it. The belief may just as well be the same today. Workers too have rights and this is a good way to help us not forget that this privileges we enjoy at work today were fought for. The lifetime problem of the worker earning very low wages while the employer gets fat profits needs workers to help the selfish employers see the reality of their greed.

Not all strikes are about monetary issues though, some are strikes about retrenchments and some are about fighting for certain rights. These government employees are important in their capacity to do their specific jobs. A teacher has the qualifications to teach and not just anybody can do the job, therefore this teacher is in high demand and has to fight for his rights. Every parent wants the best education they can afford for their children and experienced teachers are the best option for this, therefore, protected and if striking is the means by which they fight for it, so be it.

The government has the responsibility of preventing strikes by its employees by providing services as stipulated in the appointment letters and also work benefits when need arises i.e. market inflation. Most government employees provide essential services to the public i.e. the police, teachers, doctors and in as much as this is important to a nation as a whole, this people are after all still human.

Social Media and Marketing in the IT or business industry

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Social Media and Marketing in business

This research set out to know how business personnel and IT specialists use the social media platform to develop and market their business. The main focus in this study is the “who, what, where, when and why” of this marketing strategy.

Social media marketing is a developing strategy. It brings to the table new ideas every day and every user of the social media marketing has something new to learn regardless of their prowess or their frequent use of this strategy. For someone who intends to start using social media marketing, they should focus on the time commitment, the tools used by their peers and the benefits this platform will bring them. For marketers who have been long in this game, they should compare their results to other marketers, compare the tools your using and the see if you are getting the same benefits as these marketers.

A survey of this study released that at least 22 out of 25 marketers use social media as a marketing ground for their businesses, but 18 out of this have been on this for a few or less months(Tuten,Tracy & Micheal,pg.113). When marketers were asked if they use social media for marketing purposes, a greater part of them said that they were using social media to market. It is also clear from this study that more business owners than employees were likely to use this marketing strategy.Netmark, a worldwide interactive marketing firm, has been able to twist and change marketing campaigns for their clients using this data to obtain better results.

Different marketers have been using this strategy for different periods of time and this co relates with how much time they put into social media marketing per week. For amateurs of this programmed, their weekly commitment time is approximately two hours per week. For marketers who have been in this system for a few weeks, their commitment is approximately ten hours a week and for those who have used the strategy for years commit themselves to it for at least twenty hours a week(Falls, Jason & Erik,pg.162).

Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and blogs are by far the most used tools by marketers with twitter taking the lead position. An interesting study shows that men are most likely to use YouTube or video marketing compared to women. Twitter is a more common tool for marketers who own large business and have been using this data for a long time. Facebook is more familiar to marketers who have been using the strategy for a few months while LinkedIn is associated to small business owners.

Advantages/ Benefits of social media marketing.

This strategy has been a adopted by many business practioners and they in turn have realized some benefits of this system.

Business exposure.

The major benefit of using social media as a marketing platform for many marketers is that they gain exposure(Hettler, Uwe & Mark,pg.98). Social media is quickly becoming a ‘daily bread’ today. Many people use social media for their own personal use and when marketers use it for marketing, they expose their businesses to the social media users.

Marketers found new business partners

Just like the biblical saying of those who give more shall receive more, marketers who put in more time into this strategy find new partners. During the time of using the social media they meet other marketers who, if interested in their ideas, partner up with them

Increase the number of subscribers or traffic list

Out of 3 marketers who use this strategy, 2 of them found out that they record an increase in the number of their subscribers even with as little time investment as six hours a week. For those who have done it over a longer period of time, the results are even better.

Disadvantages of social media marketing.

Social media marketing just like any other strategy that has benefits, kit also has its own disadvantages. It requires trained and capable personnel in the IT industry. This personnel require monetary backing which may be expensive to the marketers. Social media marketing also depends on whether people are online to see your advert or whether those who see it at that time are interested in that line of business.

A majority of those who are more interested in learning how to use this strategy are owners of small business. This is due to the fact that owners of big businesses have been doing this for longer and are more familiar with it. It is clear that a lot of business practioners want to learn how to use the social media marketing and even implement it. I suppose that as this pattern becomes a more primary business practice, marketers and companies will have to find a way to manage it. As I have noted before, it’s a growing and developing practice and if not managed now, it will become difficult to manage in the near future.

Tuten, Tracy L, and Michael R. Solomon. Social Media Marketing. Boston: Pearson, 2013. Print.

Falls, Jason, and Erik Deckers. No Bullshit Social Media: The All-Business, No-Hype Guide to Social Media Marketing. Indianapolis, Ind: Que, 2012. Print.

Hettler, Uwe, and Mark Ziener. Social Media Marketing. München: Oldenbourg, R/CVK, 2010. Print.

Smoking ban for college campuses less productive than intended

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Smoking ban for college campuses less productive than intended

Smoking is a common way of life associated with New York. Nevertheless recently the New York University put in place measures to curb smoking in all of its 23 campuses. Joining other universities and colleges, that has banned smoking. This banning of smoking in Universities has been gaining support in recent months all over the U.S.

New York at the same time is known as being trendy city and open to change. In Los Angeles smoking is considered as alien. Smoking is banned in all public places. Some people are even contemplating that New York will follow suit and ban smoking in public places. The ban may help reduce the culture of smoking. Even if some students might not like the decision and start smoking in hidden places. Some might even ignore the policy and continue smoking. With various restrictions already in place, which has banned smoking in restaurant vicinity, buildings of residence, public places, and even indoors. Although the universities aim, is to help the smokers to quit smoking is appreciated. Much can be done other than force the smokers to take their smoking habit elsewhere, like bringing smokers together and educating them on the effects of smoking and the advantages of living a smoke free life.

UC campuses to ban smoking by 2014

All Universities in California are expected to be tobacco free by the year 2014. That is as per the letter written to all chancellors by the president of UC. The letter directed all chancellors to ensure that tobacco is not sold within the campuses. Advertising of tobacco within the campuses do not take place. The ban was brought about by health related issues like lung cancer. The negative consequences of smoking on the environment were another major issue that brought about the ban. Most smokers leave the cigarettes’ butts anywhere instead of disposing them in designated places.

The ban will not be implemented immediately. It will be in place after two years to allow time to the students to adjust their smoking habits. A committee will have to be formed to deliberate on the best way to implement the ban. The impending ban was received differently by different people. Non smokers supported the idea saying the effects of second hand smoke were severe. Some smokers were angered by the announcement saying smoking helps them relieve stress. Others said the chances of the ban succeeding were very limited.

Colleges tell smokers, ‘You’re not welcome here’

During the summer, an organized group of students and staff from Kentucky University went all round the campus looking for smokers. Different from hall monitors who are always on the look for misbehaving students. The group approached any body who they saw smoking with respect. Disposed the cigarette and educated the smoker on the effects of smoking, and told them of the facilities the campus has to help one quit smoking. Very many Universities have been striving to enact policies to make the campuses 100% tobacco free. The method of implementation and enforcement varied from campus to campus. The most successful was where the students implemented the rules themselves through awareness campaigns. University of Florida was the first to implement 100% ban on its premises on July 10th 2010. The Valencia College in Orlando is planning to adopt the policy. Students from the State college of Florida have been motivated by other Universities and are currently in the process of adopting the policy. Michigan University has seen the positive effects of the ban. Smokers can now be seen smoking in areas where smoking is allowed. Whereas in Kentucky, University many students have quit smoking after seeking treatment at the campus facility.

Works Cited

Leong, Frederick T. L.. Encyclopedia of counseling. New York: SAGE Publications, 2008. Print.

Major, Lee Elliot. Take a pill, undergo an operation, have a baby, go to school, receive a benefit, surf the Internet, take a journey by plane, train or automobile, play a CD, phone overseas, hear a weather forecast, follow a road sign, give up smoking, study the stars– an. London: Universities UK, 2006. Print

Proctor, Robert. Golden holocaust: origins of the cigarette catastrophe and the case for abolition. New York: University of California Press, 2011. Print.

While currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange, currency

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Currency exchange

Introduction

While currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange, currency exchange is the course of action international traders converts one currency for another currency. This depends on the prevailing exchange rates in the market. The rate at which one currency is exchanged with another is dependent on a number of factors. This is the reason why the currency exchange rates keep on fluctuating. However, it is necessary to note that most of the factors in play, in currency exchange rates, are majorly economical. This means that the prevailing currency exchange rates is influenced by e invisible hands (Atkeson, & Burstein, 2031)

Significance of currency exchange

The fluctuation in the exchange rates is of much importance than stable currency exchange rate because of the fundamental befits such as unpredictability of the system and stability of economies. If the currency exchange rates were easy to predetermine or fixed, most economies would be unstable because that will be free economy in which would undermine most developing countries. It is noteworthy that the exchange rates be varied and dynamic to stabilize then investment market. A fixed exchange rate would simply allow for economic crisis. It also pertinent to note that a dynamic exchange rate is essential for a strong economy and economic development of a country because, s fixed or pegged exchange rate would make a country’s currency overvalued. An overvalued currency makes it hard for a country to convert its currency to another currency. Take for example, the case of Great British pounds and Zimbabwean currency.

How to convert us dollars to Japanese YEN

The currency is exchange rates vary from time to time as mentioned before. Atkeson, & Burstein, (2071), base this on factors such as the economy of the country and the trends. However, to convert one currency into another, the currency exchange rate is multiplied by the value of the currency. For example to convert USD into JPY, one multiplies the USD by the prevailing equivalent value of the USD, in JPY.

The prevailing currency exchange rate for the US Dollar against Japanese yen is as shown bellow

Mid-market rates: 2012-02-07 20:34 UTC

     

1.00 USD = 76.7968 JPY

US Dollar  Japanese Yen1 USD = 76.7968 JPY   1 JPY = 0.0130214 USD

This shows that if the value of the house in Japan is 7million JPY; the amount is divided by 76.7968 JPY to get the value of the house in USD. Nevertheless, the economic value of the house is changed into USD by multiplying the value of the house in JPY to USD by multiplying the amount by 0.0130214USD. The USD is worth more in value consider the strength, this means that if one has the USD and would like to convert it into JPY he will have more money than someone with the JPY converting to USD did. As shown below:

Value of the plot in japan7000000 JPY

     

7,000,000.00 JPY = 91,126.26 USD

Japanese Yen  US Dollar1 JPY = 0.0130180 USD   1 USD = 76.8165 JPY

While banks are responsible for the transaction due to security and money laundering reasons, it is advisable that people have a rough knowledge of the prevailing market value of any currency at any one time. These currency exchange rates are readily available over the internet and updates are real time. It is advisable to take the foreign currency to banks in the country of interest and or visit the forex exchange companies for conversion (Burnside, Kleshchelski, and Rebelo 6723)..

How to convert payroll into the prevailing currency

Trends

A number of factors determine the prevailing pay one is entitled. For example, factors such as; the academic qualifications, experience, knowledge, and competence of the employee are worth considering. Once the employee is selected, the payroll should be above or equal to the pay grade setting the country of interest. Once this company has arrived at the standard pay grade and has determined the amount to pay, the company has to convert the money into an equivalent local currency. Because, for a US company operating in Japan, the local employee in Japan may feel that the pay is low, so it is advisable to convert the currency to a local equivalent amount a]while paying the workers. However, international companies should pay more than the local companies due to logistical reasons should. The trend is instrumental in assessing the value of the currency or pay considering the respective stasis of the pecuniary system maintained by the respective countries

Economy and exchange rate risk

The employer should also consider the economy of the country he is trading in before setting the amount to pay the workers. For example, if he establishes a business in developed country, the payroll should be set on then currency of the country, however, for a developing country, he can set the payroll on the country of origin (the US) or the local currency depending on the country with a strong currency.

Conclusion

While the pegged system is advantageous based on the inherent characteristics, the floating system promises much in terms of stability of the economies. It also helps in the elimination of the market panic and economic crises. Therefore, it is advisable to maintain a floating exchange rate to help in managing the investment market.

Works cited

Atkeson, A. and A. Burstein: Pricing-to-Market, Trade Costs, and International Relative Prices,” American Economic Review, 98, 1998{2031}. (2008). Print

Burnside, A., I. Kleshchelski, and S. Rebelo: Do Peso Problems Explain the Returns to the Carry Trade?” CEPR Discussion Papers 6873, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. (2008). Print.

Interview Analyses

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Interview Analyses

Based on the interviewee’s responses I have gathered a lot. The interviewee was very precise on her responses. Her responses were specific and she did not beat around the bush. The interviewee was also realistic. From her responses I could tell that she was being real with me. She did not try to fake it by proving to me how much of a good leader she is. She was very realistic and down to earth. From her responses I also gathered that she has a very good rapport with her employees. As stated she is a liberal leader who believes in giving others a platform to express their views and opinions. The interviewee is a leader who leads by example. She treats others the way she would like to be treated. I could also tell based on her responses that she is a calm leader which is probably one of her biggest strengths. Her responses were also very engaging. She was not the only one who was talking throughout. As much as I was interviewing her, she also gave me a chance to talk and air my views out. She made me feel comfortable to interview her.

I have learned quite a lot from the interview. One of the most important lessons is that you don’t need to prove to others that you are a leader. Leadership is an inborn gift and once you are chosen as a leader you don’t have to rub it on other people. I have also learnt that everyone can help you learn something. Everyone has their own style of leadership. A great way to learn as a leader is to observe how other leaders or people are handling themselves and then pick the positives. By observing other people you learn how to approach a similar situation in future.

I also learned that leadership is hard. As a leader, you need to face your fears, analyse the risks involved and take action. You have to be proactive as a leader. At times you will be required to make tough decisions and probably the life of another person is dependent on the decision that you make. Leadership also requires a lot of assertiveness in decision making. You have to make firm decisions and stick with them. Self-awareness is an important tool when it comes to leadership. To be a successful and respected leader you need to know your strengths and weakness as a person. This will help you build a successful team. Understanding your weakness will help you to seek for help when you need it.

Leadership and communication go hand in hand. The difference between a leader and a dictator is communication. A leader needs to communicate clearly the plans that they have made. They also need to give other people a platform to air out their views. Communication is two way not one way. To achieve the desired results communication is very key.

From what I have learned I would apply the leadership skills and strategies gained into my own leadership responsibilities. As a leader I will strive to always learn from other people. It is good to learn from the experiences of other people whether it is good or bad. This will help me to know how to deal with similar situations in the future. I will also try to build self-awareness. One of the best ways to understand yourself as an individual is to do personality tests. I will take several personality tests which will help me to understand my strengths and weaknesses. It is only through self-awareness that I will be a great leader. I will also try to get feedback from my circle of influence. A great of learning about yourself is to ask those around you what they think about you. An outside perspective has a way of bringing fresh insights that will help you improve on your idea.

There is a very clear difference between management and leadership. Some of the key differences between management and leadership are:

Management involves creating goals while leadership is about creating a vision- leadership is about coming up with a vision or an idea and influencing people to buy into that idea and make it a reality. Leadership is all about understanding that people accomplish much as a team than as individuals. Management focuses on setting goals and ensuring that the goals are achieved. Managers tend to control situations in order to fulfil set objectives.

Management entails maintaining the status quo while leadership entails changing events- leadership is all about innovation. It involves coming up with a set of different ideologies that can work out and achieve a different outcome. Management involves sticking by what works. The only thing that managers can do is to refine systems until they achieve the set goals.

Leadership requires uniqueness which management requires producing the same result- leadership requires self-awareness. Leaders need to work and build unique personal brands. To be a leader you need to be yourself and not copy someone else’s style of leadership. Leadership requires being comfortable as an individual. Management requires mimicking the behaviour and competencies of other managers and produce the exact same result or a better results.

Sartre is a twentieth century philosopher

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Sartre is a twentieth century philosopher who is associated with the movement of existentialism. When it comes to man, Sartre coined a popular phrase used in existentialism that ‘Existence precedes essence.’ He basically means that it is impossible for man to discover any essence inside his being. Man has the obligation to create essence and it has to be created from nothing. Creation of essence is achieved through the choices and efforts of man. The above is the foundation of the concept of existentialism that is popular with Sartre.

From a wider perspective the concept of existentialism sounds very pessimistic. When we critically analyse what Sartre attempted to demonstrate we see that he attempted to come up with an observation that can help us understand the freedom found in man’s being. When we discover the freedom that comes with being a man we are able to achieve a greater meaning in our lives. Sartre is a heroic personnel and an imitation of his attitude brings new energy that it is possible to act and create that which a person desires.

However when we analyse from a logical and philosophical perspective the concept of existentialism we find that the theory is basically hollow and it amounts to nothing (Atwell pg580-591). In the essay ‘Existentialism as Humanism’ Sartre attempts to explain his theory of existentialism with simplicity. He explains the meaning of the concept of existence and essence and the two points of view from both perspectives.

Unfortunately when we analyse his concept we discover that the theory of existence preceding essence implies that human beings are functionless by themselves. This means that whatever man wants to achieve he has to work hard to become that which he desires. Existentialism portrays complete unfamiliarity with the basic concepts of psychology. According to Sartre pre-existing human nature does not exist. And so he Sartre does not acknowledge the existence of human nature because of the absence of God in the conception of it.

Sartre also tries to put forth another theory that man simply is. He means that man is not what he simply conceives himself to be but that man is what he wills. In the process of conceiving himself after existing whatever man wills to be after it will lead to existence. Man is nothing short of what he makes himself to be. This is the principles foundation of existentialism popularly known as subjectivity.

The argument against this principle is that it is delusional to view man as simply is (Lowe pg23-48). As per the term subjectivity there is no viewpoint in the above perspective. It is completely absurd to view man form such angle. If human nature does not exist then it means that all the work that psychologists are exploring and studying is completely useless. Before Sartre came up with this theory, we had psychologists such as William James, Sigmund Freud and Jung. There were also other behaviourists such as Watson and Pavlov who equated man to an animal. Human psychology was pretty much diversified and in a mature stage. Based on the maturity of human psychology it is delusional and absurd for Sartre to come years later and claim that man is a free being and that man has the ability to conceive anything out of himself as long as he wills as if it were some sort of magic. Man has a nature which is identified by his identity, freedom and limitations. Human limitation comes with immense freedom and choice which determines what is to be done.

Work Cited

Atwell, John E. “Existence precedes essence.” Man and world 2.4 (1969): 580-591.

Lowe, Edward Jonathan. “Two notions of being: Entity and essence.” Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplements 62 (2008): 23-48.

The Best Computer for a College Student

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The Best Computer for a College Student

A student requires a computer that can do numerous tasks and be able to support a wide range of software considering the requirements of certain courses and of course the standard office packages. There is also the need to consider the video capabilities of these computers for the sake of HD video lectures. The price is also a determinant because students would like to minimize schools spending as much as possible considering the increasing cost of learning. This paper compares two computers that can be found at Walmart.

The Dell XPS 13 is the most refined and revitalized computer among the various available at Walmart. It is a high performance machine that is powered by an 8th-generation Intel Core i5 central processing unit. There is also an Intel Core i7 version of the same generation which means even better performance. The Intel UHD graphics installed in the computer translates to a wonderful display on the 13.3-inch Full HD display. A buyer has a choice of a Random Access Memory ranging from 4 gigabytes to 16 gigabytes all depending with the amount one is willing to spend. And speaking of money, the Dell XPS 13 is quite expensive starting from $1,088 (Walmart). The value of this amount is that these machine will see a student through college and probably beyond university, the only problem being the rapid change in technology.

It is important to look at a computer with a lower price in order to compare. For this case, the Chromebook 15 is a high performance machine which makes it ridiculously cheap. It is not fancy with all the high end specifications like the Dell XPS 13 but the Chrome operating system it uses makes its running quite smooth. It is very fast and responsive giving the student a wonderful experience for only $277.94 (Walmart). The 15.6-inch display makes it bigger than the Dell XPS 13 with good resolution and uses the Intel HD graphics. It has a 4GB ram and a very modest SSD with only space for 32GB. The speakers are not so good but with its price it means can save some cash for external ones or an iPod.

I would recommend the Chromebook 15 because I understand most student are on a budget and with the specifications on this computer, it is such a bargain. The Dell XPS 13 is definitely the better machine in all aspects but for majority of the student who are not learning to program or do not need a machine for high-end activities the Chromebook 15 is perfect.

Works Cited

Walmart. “Dell XPS 13 9370 Laptop, 13.3″, Intel® Core? I5-8250U, Intel® UHD Graphics 620, 128GB SSD, 8GB RAM, XPS9370-5156SLV-PUS.” Walmart.com, 2020, www.walmart.com/ip/Dell-XPS-13-9370-Laptop-13-3-Intel-Core-i5-8250U-Intel-UHD-Graphics-620-128GB-SSD-8GB-RAM-XPS9370-5156SLV-PUS/316130649. Accessed 19 Jan. 2020.

—. “Acer Chromebook 15 CB315-1HT-C9UA, Celeron N3350, 15.6″ Full HD Touch, 4GB LPDDR4, 32GB Storage, Google Chrome.” Walmart.com, 30 Aug. 2019, www.walmart.com/ip/Acer-Chromebook-15-CB315-1HT-C9UA-Celeron-N3350-15-6-Full-HD-Touch-4GB-LPDDR4-32GB-Storage-Google-Chrome/703812878. Accessed 20 Jan. 2020.

ARCH8015 Module 1 Assessment. Module 1 Funding Body Profiles Template

Funding Body ProfilesARCH8015 Module 1 Assessment Task – Funding body profiles

1. Name of the funding body: The Toyota Foundation

URL (website address) An explanation of where their money comes from A list of what types of activities / items they will provide money for How much money will they award? A list of who is eligible to apply A list of who is ineligible to apply

http://www.toyotafound.or.jp/english Toyota Motor Corporation limited

Toyota Motor Sales Company Limited.

(The Toyota foundation, (Dec 2010) Education

Researches

Development practices

Activism in Japan and internationally

(The Toyota Foundation, April 2010) Small scale grants to Asian neighbours of up to 2 million yens

Regular grants to Asian neighbours ranging between 2 million to 8 million yen per project for two years

Individual research grants of up to 2 million yen per project for one or two years

Joint research is awarded up to 8 million yen per project for one to two years.

(The Toyota Foundation, April 2010) Researchers at universities

Research institutes

NGOs

Individuals without organizational affiliations

(The Toyota Foundation, April 2010) Political parties or candidates

Lobbying activities

Labour organizations

Fraternal organizations

Religious

groups

(The Toyota Foundation, April 2010)

A brief summary of their objectives or aims in providing funding

The Toyota foundation is a grant making body established in 1974 by the Toyota Motor Corporation. According to Vision 2010 of Toyota foundation, this foundation aims at creating frameworks that will lead to concrete solutions to issues faced by their communities in the course of their revitalization and advancement, (The Toyota Foundation, Sept 2010). This foundation aims at fostering young generations to carry the community forward.

As explained in The Toyota Foundation, (Sept 2010), this foundation aims at supporting efforts to establish networks among neighbours. Under its mission The Toyota foundation focuses on providing support for projects aimed at preserving, utilizing and transmitting indigenous documents in Asia containing histories, customs and world views of people in Asia. Generally, this foundation intends to form a sustainable framework through giving support to ambitious projects by local residents, (The Toyota Foundation, Sept 2010).

A brief description of at least three projects they have funded in the past

Project 1: In the year 2007, the Toyota foundation implemented a two year grant for building a network among weavers and rattan farmers in Kalimantan., (The Toyota foundation, (Dec 2010).

Project 2: In the year 20087, Toyota Foundation put up a 12 million yens project to create a peace-building network for the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh, (The Toyota foundation, (Dec 2010).

Project 3: In the year 2007, Toyota Foundation funded a 3.5 million yen project under the Asian neighbours’ network program headed by Won Gi-Joon, (The Toyota foundation, (Dec 2010).

Any other relevant information

The Toyota Foundation does not fund indirect costs, administrative costs or overheads. In addition, it does fund events and functions held on regular, (The Toyota Foundation, April 2010)

2. Name of the funding body: National Geographic

URL (website address) An explanation of where their money comes from A list of what types of activities / items they will provide money for How much money will they award? A list of who is eligible to apply A list of who is ineligible to apply

http://www.nationalgeographic.com/research/grant/rg1.html Net proceeds from the sale of the geographic public participation kits

Government grants

Private and public contributions

(National Geographic, Jan, 2011). Research investigations

Conservation projects

Exploration projects

Geographic education

exhibitions

curriculum materials

outreach programs

(National Geographic, Jan, 2011). The grants range from $15,000 to 20,000.

(National Geographic, Jan, 2011). Individuals

Groups

organizations

Research institutions

Geographic archives

(National Geographic, Jan, 2011). Archaeological sites

Artefacts sites

Racists

Persons with criminal records

(National Geographic, Jan, 2011).

A brief summary of their objectives or aims in providing funding

National Geographic is a funding body based in United States that supports conservation activities around the world that fall within its mission. Through awarding of grants, this body intends to support projects with both geographic dimension and relevance to other scientific fields and also with broad scientific interest. As explained in National Geographic charter document, the mission of this body is to increase and diffuse geographical knowledge while promoting conservation of the world’s cultural and natural resources, (National Geographic, March, 2010).

According to National Geographic charter document, this organization seeks to fulfil scientific and education objectives through supporting vital projects in the areas of research, conservation, exploration, education and public outreach. In short, the fundamental objective of National Geographic is to support projects that contribute significantly to the preservation and sustainable use of the earth’s biological, cultural and historical resources, (National Geographic, March, 2010).

A brief description of at least three projects they have funded in the past

Project 1: National Geographic is currently funding an initiative aimed at preserving African lions, which was pioneered by veteran wildlife film makers and photographers, Mr Dereck and MR Breverly in the year 2006.( National Geographic, Jan, 2011),

Project 2: Since the year 2005, National Geographic has funded a project aimed at saving the endangered fish species in lakes and oceans that was initiated by Mr Zeb Hogan. The project has been funded to gather data, work with local fishers to catch the endangered species, tag them and release them back for future studies, (National Geographic, Jan, 2011).

Project 3: National Geographic has been supporting project intended to help women from Afghanistan to the improvement of educational and life opportunities. The body has been providing creative tools and resources to help Afghanistan women to develop their own skills, and sense of self. (National Geographic, Jan, 2011),

Any other relevant information

Applications for grants are limited to the following disciplines: biology, geography, anthropology, archaeology, astronomy, botany, geology, oceanography, palaeontology, and zoology, (National Geographic, Jan, 2011).ARCH8015 Module 1 Assessment Task – Funding body profiles

3. Name of the funding body: The Isolated Children’s Parents’ Association of Australia (ICPA)

URL (website address) An explanation of where their money comes from A list of what types of activities / items they will provide money for How much money will they award? A list of who is eligible to apply A list of who is ineligible to apply

http://www.icpa.com.au/ ICPA is funded by the government of Australia, (ICPA, 2011) Distance education

Hostels for boarding schools

Travel

Early childhood education

Rural and remote education

Specific learning needs such as learning disabilities and difficulties

Tertiary education

(ICPA, 2009, p. 10)

The amount of money awarded subject to the activity in question. For example, boarding allowance is set at 55% of average boarding fee in Australia. However, additional allowances may be given but which are subject to tests.

(ICPA, 2009, p. 10)

Individual students and citizens

Families

schools

(ICPA, 2011) Non-citizens of Australian

Charities

Councils

Groups

Agencies

(ICPA, 2011).

A brief summary of their objectives or aims in providing funding

ICPA is a political and non-profit making independent body established in Australia which is dedicated to ensure that all students from rural and remote areas have equity access to appropriate and continuing education, (ICPA, 2011). This body seeks to ensure that the federal government continually gives adequate funding to students and schools from disadvantaged regions on an equitable basis. In addition, aims at assisting students from rural and remote areas have access to educational opportunities that are at least equivalent to those available to urban students.

As stipulated under ICPA policies and objectives (2009, p. 2), ICPA aims to ensure that children and families are able to reach their individual optimal educational potential through special education, school term hostels, country area programmes, distance education, education allowances, travel boarding schools and others. In short, the aim of ICPA is to ensure that all elements of education including cultural experiences, social contacts and other enriching activities are available to all children irrespective of their home location, (ICPA, 2009, p. 15)

A brief description of at least three projects they have funded in the past

Project 1: ICPA has been undertaking a project known as Country Areas Programme (CAP) that seeks to ensure that federal government adequately funds students and schools from disadvantaged geographic regions, (ICPA, 2009, p.4).

Project 2: Through a project called early childhood education and care, ICPA seeks to ensure that an appropriate and affordable range of early childhood programmes are available to provide support to children and parents who live in rural and remote areas, (ICPA, 2009, p.3).

Project 3: ICPA ensures the provision of suitable government allowances to students in rural and remote areas, (ICPA, 2009, p.5). Such allowances assist in compensating families and their children for additional costs incurred in their education.

Any other relevant information

Not Applicable.

References

National Geographic, (Jan, 2011), conservation trust grant application,

Available from http://www.nationalgeographic.com/field/grants-programs/conservation-trust-application.html

The Isolated Children’s Parents’ Association of Australia (ICPA), (2011), Working together for equity of access to education

for all students who live in rural and remote Australia

Retrieved from http://www.icpa.com.au/

National Geographic, (March, 2010), Genograghic Legacy Fund Charter Document

Retrieved from www.nationalgenograghic.com/genograghic/legacy_fund.html

The Isolated Children’s Parents’ Association of Australia (ICPA), (2009), Policies,

Available from www.icpa.com.au/documents/…policy/federal-icpa-policies-booklet.pdf

The Toyota foundation, (December 2010), Grant Projects: Activities,

Retrieved from http://www.toyotafound.or.jp/english/00topics/topics02/

The Toyota Foundation, (September 2010), Toyota foundation Vision 2010: Building Better Future

Available from http://www.toyotafound.or.jp/english/

The Toyota Foundation, (April 2010) developing and managing information about grants for agriculture, energy, environment and

natural resources in the worlds developing countries,

Available from http://www.terravivagrants.org/Home/view-grant-makers/foundations-and-ngos/toyota-foundation