Theterm”watershed”meansaridgeorcrest lineseparatingtwodrainage
Question
PartI: True/FalseQuestions
Question1:
Theterm”watershed”meansaridgeorcrest lineseparatingtwodrainage basins.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question2:
Thefragmentationoffederalresourcemanagementpolicieswasnever identifiedasoneofthemost chronic impedimentstowatershed planningand managementefforts.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question3:
Inawatershedmanagementplanningprocess,aQualityAssuranceandQualityControlmanualmust bedevelopedand followedbyallpartiesinvolvedexceptvolunteers(e.g. schoolchildren)whohelpin collectingwatersheddata.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question4:
Atypicalwatershedmanagementapproachinvolvesidentifyingproblemsinthewatershed, coordinatingactivitieswithother stakeholders,measuringsuccessthroughefficientmonitoringand evaluation,and developingincreasedpublicinvolvementbeyondgeographicalboundaries.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question5:
Sustainabilitygenerallymeansviewingeconomic,environmental,and social valuesascomplementary andinterdependent,andworkingtosustainonlytheenvironmentalvaluesovertime.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question6:
Sedimentsupplycan beamajorfactorindeterminingchannelmorphology,whichinturndetermines many oftheprimaryphysicalandbiologicalcharacteristicsofariver.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question7: Thehydrologic effectsofurbanizationareassevereastimberharvestingoragriculturalactivities.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question8: Adaptivemanagementinvolvesmanaginganentiresystemofecologicalresourcesforsustainability.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question9:
Awatershedmanagementapproachgenerallyattempts toreducethevariationofhydrologicregimes andtheirassociatedcharacteristicsoftiming,duration,frequency,and rateofchange.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question10:
Asawatershedmanagementplanner,itisa wasteoftimeandscarceresourcestocreateafavorable environmentwherebystakeholdersarefreeand allowedtoaskquestionsaboutwatershedprojects thatimpactthem.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question11:
Awatershedmanagementapproachthateffectively involvesstakeholders,entailsanexperimental approachtowatershedmanagementinthesensethatparticipantsmust beprepared tolearnfrom theirmistakesandtoadapttheirmanagementstrategiestochangingconditions.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question12:
Stakeholderinvolvementisadesirableand essentialcomponentofanywatershedplanningand management.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question13:
Regardlessofthewayslopeisexpressed,knowingthegeneralslopesof streamsand areasofyour watershed,willprovideagood indicationofwatershedprocessesand management alternatives.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question14:
Inawatershedmanagementapproach,goalsand objectivesmust beestablishedearlyinthe watershedassessmentandplanningprocessandmust notbechangedevenwhen newinformation and/orproblemsareuncovered.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question15:
Aslongasstakeholdersareinvolved,watershedmanagementplansdonothavetoconsiderexisting laws,regulations,andother institutionsthatmayconstrainorfacilitatewatershedmanagement components.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question16:
EffluentTrading isaprocesswherebyifone pollutantsourcecannotmeetestablishedload requirements,theregulatoryagency(e.g.EPA)reducestheloadrequirements,limits,orstandardsso thatallpollutantsourcesare incompliancewiththelaw.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question17:
Awatershedmanagementapproachisanapproachtoresource(e.g. water) restoration,protection andmanagementthatenablesindividuals,groups,and institutionswithastakeinwatershed managementoutcomes toparticipateinidentifyingand addressinglocalissuesthataffectorare affectedbywatershedfunctions.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question18:
TotalMaximumDailyLoad(TMDL)isthecalculationofthemaximumquantityofapollutantthata waterbodycan receiveand stillsafely meetdesignatedwater qualitystandardsanduses.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question19:
Inawatershedmanagementapproach,professionalresourcemanagersareconsideredasexperts whoareuniquelyqualifiedtoidentifyand implementallwatershedmanagementstrategies.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question20:
QualityAssurancereferstothechecks,balances,reviews,andanalysisof thedataand finalreportsto ensurethattheyareaccurateand true.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>TrueorFalse
Question21:
Eutrophication,whichiscausedbyover-enrichmentwithnutrients,isawidespreadprobleminrivers, lakes,estuaries,andcoastaloceans.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif”>TrueorFalse
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif”>PartII: MultipleChoiceQuestions
Chooseeither A,B,C,orD
Question22: Characteristicsofawatershedmanagementapproachinclude:
A. CleanWater Actsection404permitsand regulations.
B. Economicdevelopment,improvedecosystemfunction,and stakeholderinvolvement.
C. Geographicfocus, soundmanagementtechniques,and stakeholderinvolvement.
D. Data management,volunteermonitoring,educationandoutreach.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question23:
Thefollowingstatement isnotacharacteristicofawatershedmanagementapproachwhere stakeholdersareinvolved:
A. Therolesand relationshipsofresourcemanagersandstakeholderschangewithtime.
B. Watershedmanagementrecognizes theinterconnectednessofallthephysicaland biological componentsofthe watershed,includinghumancommunities.
C. Watershedmanagemententailsstakeholderinvolvementwithinpoliticalboundaries.
D. Watershedmanagementintegratesscientificinformationandsocietalvalues.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question24:
Thefollowingmust beconsideredwhen identifyingproblems/concernsand developingobjectivesina watershedmanagementplan:
A. Tosavetimeand money,noteveryonewithastakeinthe watershed must beinvolvedrightfrom the beginning.
B. Thegroup willgoback andforthbetweenidentifyingconcerns/problems,seekingand analyzing data,andestablishingobjectives.
C. Allwatershedconcernsarebasedonscienceand must beaddressedby thegroup.
D. A,B,and Cabove.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question25:
Whichofthefollowingchallengesisnottrueaboutawatershedmanagementapproachwhere stakeholdersareinvolved?
A. Some keystakeholdersmaylackthetime,motivation,skills,orresourcestoparticipateeffectively throughoutthemanagementplanningprocess.
B. Resourcemanagementprofessionalsarealwaysreadyandwillingtogiveuptheirroleasexperts andtoshareauthoritywithlaypersonsregarding naturalresourcemanagementissues.
C. Conflictsbetweenstakeholdersovermanagement goalsand themeanstoaccomplishthosegoals areinevitable.
D. Stakeholder-basedapproachesrequiretimeand resources togenerateinterestandtobuild relationshipsbetweenstakeholders.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question26: Awatershed managementplancan beeffectivelyimplementif:
A. Therearenoenvironmentalgroupsand largeinfluentialcorporationsinthewatershed.
B. Keystakeholdersareinvolvedbasedontheirconvenience.
C. Keystakeholdershavetheresourcesand oversightofthe plan.
D. A,B,and Cabove.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question27:
Whichofthefollowingstatementswasnever recognizedasan issuebythe NationalResearchCouncil duringtheevaluationoftheTotalMaximumDailyLoadprogram?
A. Focusonimprovingtheconditionofwater bodiesasmeasuredbytheattainmentofdesignated uses.
B. Addressallstressorsthatdeterminetheconditionofawaterbody.
C. Recognizethatscientificuncertaintycannotbeentirelyeliminated.
D. Encouragestakeholderparticipationwithinthepoliticalboundariesofstates.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question28: Whichofthefollowingisnotanenvironmentalbenefitofwatershed managementplanning?
A. Enablesmoreefficientmanagementofwetlandpermittingprograms.
B. Protectswildlifehabitat.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>C. Improvesqualityofdrinkingwater and recreationaluse.D. Controlsfloodingbyrestoringriparianandwetlandareas. A,B,C,orD:
Question29: PhaseIoftheFederalCleanWater Act(technologybased):
A. Requiresdeveloperswhodisturb constructionsites of1to5acrestoapplyforadischargepermit.
B. ProhibitsdischargeofanypollutanttoU.S.watersfromapointsource.
C. ProhibitsdischargeofanypollutanttoU.S.watersfromanon-pointsource.
D. ProhibitsdischargeofanypollutanttoU.S.watersfromapointsourceunlessdischargeis authorizedbyanNPDES permit.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question30: Whyiswetlandmitigationbanking advantageous?
A. Reducesuncertaintyoverwhetherthemitigationwillbesuccessfulinoffsettingprojectimpacts.
B. Reducespermitprocessingtimesandprovidesmorecost-effectivemitigationopportunities.
C. Enablesthe efficientuse oflimitedregulatory agencyresourcesinthereviewandcompliance monitoringofmitigationprojectsbecauseofconsolidation.
D. A,B,and Cabove.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question31: According totheFederalCleanWater Act,Water qualitystandards:
A. Havedesignatedusesand conditionssupportingtheuses.
B. Determinetowhatdegree awaterbodymayincurdegradationwithoutjeopardizingexistinguses.
C. Areestablishedthroughgovernmentstipulationandapolicyofminimaldegradation.
D. A,B,and Cabove.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question32:
AsanapplicantforadredgeandfillpermitfromtheU.S.ArmyCorps ofEngineers,totheextent practicable,youdonotneed toshowthatyouhave:
A. Providedcompensatorymitigationforanyunavoidableimpacts.
B. Enoughresourcestomanagestormwateratthesite.
C. Takenstepstoavoidwetlandimpacts.
D. Minimizedpotentialimpactsonwetlands.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question33:
Whichofthefollowingfactorsshouldyouconsiderwhen collectingorgeneratingaccurateinformation (thatyoucan use tomake asound,science-baseddecision)aboutthelevelofcontaminationinthe environment?
A. Thequalityand appropriatenessofthelaboratory analysis.
B. Theappropriatenessand accuracyofthesamplecollectionandhandlingmethod.
C. Therepresentativenessofthe datawithrespecttotheobjectiveofthestudy.
D. A,B,and Cabove.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question34: Inwatershed management,theteamleader/coordinatormust educate allstakeholders:
A. Toreducethetimebetweenactionsand resultsofthewatershedproject.
B. Toincreaseawareness, participationand elicitbehaviorchangesinsomestakeholders.
C. Tomeetpoliticalandcongressionalrequirements.
D. A,B,and Cabove.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question35: Nonpoint sourcepollutants(such assediments,phosphorusand nitrogen)are:
A. Themajorsources ofwaterpollutionintheU.S.today.
B. Relativelysimpletomeasure,monitorand regulate.
C. Lessimportantthan siltationcausedbyerosion fromagricultural,logging,and constructionsites.
D. A,B,and Cabove.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
Question36: Asignificantimpedimenttotheuse ofeffluentpermittrading systemis:
A. ArequirementoftheFederalCleanWaterActthatallexisting,expanding,and newfacilitiesmeet allapplicabletechnology-basedrequirements.
B. Therealizationthateffluentpermittradingwilleventuallyallowtotalpollutantlevelstoincrease.
C. ThefactthattheFederalClean Waterdoesnotauthorizepermit-tradingsystems.
D. Lackofpenaltiesforviolators.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif”>A,B,C,orD:
PartIII:Pleasewriteyouranswersinthespacesprovidedbeloweachquestion. Fullyexplainallyouranswers (nolisting). Makesurethatyouranswers fitinthespacesprovided.
Question37:
Stakeholdermanagementgenerallycomprisesofstakeholderanalysisand stakeholder planning. Describethreestepsyouwoulduse duringstakeholderanalysisforawatershedmanagementproject
i.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.gif”>ii.
iii.
Question38:
TheDataQualityObjectivesprocessdevelopedbytheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency, isused toestablishperformanceoracceptancecriteria,whichserveasthebasisfordesigningaplanfor collectingdataofsufficientqualityand quantitytosupportthegoalsofastudy. Describeseven steps oftheDQOprocess
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif”>i.ii.iii.iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
Question39:
Whatisthedifferencebetweentechnology-basedand waterquality-basedstandards?
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image009.gif”>
(i).
(ii).
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image011.gif”>Question40:
Whatisthedifferencebetweenpriorappropriationdoctrine(appropriationdoctrine)andriparianwater rights?
i.
ii.