Subject: Sociology / General Sociology
Question
Post SOC101 Unit 1 Quiz
Question 1
4 out of 4 points
A __________ analysis focuses on small groups rather than large-scale social structures.
Question 2
0 out of 4 points
__________ researchers generally use surveys, secondary analyses of existing statistical data, and experimental designs.
Question 3
4 out of 4 points
Historically there are no women sociologists.
Question 4
4 out of 4 points
_____________ are patterned ways of acting, thinking, and feeling that exist outside any one individual but that exert social control over each person.
Question 5
4 out of 4 points
Sociology is defined as
Question 6
0 out of 4 points
With __________ research, the goal is scientific objectivity, and the focus is on data that can be measured numerically.
Question 7
0 out of 4 points
Which of the following represents a correct sequence of steps in the “conventional” research model?
Question 8
4 out of 4 points
__________ is the process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in cities rather than in rural areas.
Question 9
4 out of 4 points
Age, sex, race, and ethnicity are often used as __________ variables.
Question 10
4 out of 4 points
Sociologists conducting research may formulate a(n) __________, a statement of the relationship between two or more concepts.
Question 11
4 out of 4 points
A quicker method of administering questionnaires is the __________, which is becoming an increasingly popular way to collect data.
Question 12
4 out of 4 points
This sociologist is described as the founding figure of the functionalist theoretical tradition.
Question 13
4 out of 4 points
The __________ effect is when people change their behavior because they know they are being watched as part of a study.
Question 14
4 out of 4 points
Sociologists obtain their knowledge of human behavior through __________, which results in a body of information that helps us move beyond guesswork and common sense in understanding society.
Question 15
4 out of 4 points
This social scientist focused on micro-level theories, and analyzed the dynamics of two-person and three-person groups.
Question 16
4 out of 4 points
__________ first recognized social dynamics as an underlying component of historical development.
Question 17
4 out of 4 points
The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society is referred to as:
Question 18
4 out of 4 points
__________ is the extent to which a study or research instrument accurately measures what it is supposed to measure.
Question 19
4 out of 4 points
The __________ approach attempts to answer questions through systematic collection and analysis of data. This approach is referred to as the conventional model, or the “scientific method,” and is based on the assumption that knowledge is best gained by direct, systematic observation.
Question 20
4 out of 4 points
With __________ research, interpretative description (words) rather than statistics (numbers) is used to analyze underlying meanings and patterns of social relationships.
Question 21
4 out of 4 points
Social facts are:
Question 22
4 out of 4 points
Sociology prepares people for a wide variety of careers
Question 23
4 out of 4 points
The “founder of sociology” is:
Question 24
4 out of 4 points
In the Marxian framework, the __________ comprise(s) those who own and control the means of production.
Question 25
4 out of 4 points
__________ are specific strategies or techniques for systematically conducting research.
Post SOC101 Unit 2 Quiz
Question 1
4 out of 4 points
Examples of __________ include the beatniks of the 1950s, the flower children of the 1960s, the drug enthusiasts of the 1970s, and members of nonmainstream religious sects, or cults.
Question 2
4 out of 4 points
According to Sigmund Freud, the __________ is the component of personality that includes all of the individual’s basic biological drives and needs that demand immediate gratification.
Question 3
4 out of 4 points
In Jean Piaget’s theory, during the __________ stage (age seven to eleven), children think in terms of tangible objects and actual events. They begin to take the role of others and start to empathize with the viewpoints of others.
Question 4
4 out of 4 points
According to Erik Erikson’s theory, during the __________ stage of psychosocial development (birth to age one), if infants receive good care and nurturing (characterized by emotional warmth, security, and love) from their parents, they will develop a bond. If they do not receive such care, they will become anxious about their surroundings.
Question 5
4 out of 4 points
The case of Anna illustrates the effects of __________ and provides important insights into the importance of a positive socialization process and the negative effects of social isolation.
Question 6
4 out of 4 points
A __________ is a category of people who share distinguishing attributes, beliefs, values, and/or norms that set them apart in some significant manner from the dominant culture.
Question 7
4 out of 4 points
__________ is the belief that the behaviors and customs of any culture must be viewed and analyzed by the culture’s own standards.
Question 8
6 out of 6 points
Spiders do not learn to build webs. They build webs because of __________ that are triggered by basic biological needs such as protection and reproduction.
Question 9
4 out of 4 points
__________ is the systematic study of how biology affects social behavior and asserts that nature is a major factor.
Question 10
4 out of 4 points
In the United States, __________ include using underarm deodorant, brushing our teeth, and wearing appropriate clothing for a specific occasion.
Question 11
4 out of 4 points
__________ are collective ideas about what is right or wrong, good or bad, and desirable or undesirable in a particular culture.
Question 12
4 out of 4 points
In Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory, in the __________ level (few adults reach this stage), people view morality in terms of individual rights; “moral conduct” is judged by principles based on human rights that transcend government and laws.
Question 13
4 out of 4 points
All parts of culture do not change at the same pace. Sociologist William Ogburn referred to this disparity as __________, a gap between the technical development of a society and its moral and legal institutions.
Question 14
4 out of 4 points
Four components make up our self-concept: the active self is best reflected in which of the following?
Question 15
4 out of 4 points
__________ is/are a set of symbols that expresses ideas and enables people to think and communicate with one another.
Question 16
6 out of 6 points
Sociologists define __________ as the knowledge, techniques, and tools that make it possible for people to transform resources into usable forms, and the knowledge and skills required to use them after they are developed.
Question 17
4 out of 4 points
In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in 2005, many people in the United States were more willing to make generous contributions to help the survivors of this natural disaster than they were to help the long-term homeless and disadvantaged throughout the United States. This is an example of
Question 18
4 out of 4 points
Jeffery was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison for this offense. He also practiced cannibalism on his victims. In this situation, the act of murder could be described as the violation of a __________, while cannibalism could be described as the violation of a __________.
Question 19
4 out of 4 points
Psychologist Urie Bronfenbrenner’s __________ theory consists of the interactions a child has with other people, as well as how those interactions are influenced by still other people and situations.
Question 20
4 out of 4 points
__________ is the process of reshaping existing cultural items into a new form. Guns, video games, and airplanes are examples that positively or negatively affect our lives today.
Question 21
4 out of 4 points
All of the following statements regarding cultural universals are true, except:
Question 22
4 out of 4 points
Which of the following statements regarding language is true?
Question 23
4 out of 4 points
Values provide ideals of beliefs about behavior but do not state explicitly how we should behave. __________ are established rules of behavior or standards of conduct
Question 24
0 out of 4 points
Psychologist Jean Piaget believed that, in each stage of human development (from birth to adolescence), children’s activities are governed by their
Post SOC101 Unit 3 Quiz
Question 1
4 out of 4 points
According to the functionalist perspective, deviance is universal because it serves all of the following important functions, except
Question 2
4 out of 4 points
Members of __________ seek to acquire a “rep” (reputation) by fighting over “turf” (territory) and adopting a value system of toughness, courage, and similar qualities.
Question 3
4 out of 4 points
All of the following are components of sociologist Travis Hirschi’s social bonding theory, except
Question 4
4 out of 4 points
According to the __________ approach, people learn to adjust their behavior so that they receive rewards from others rather than negative responses or punishment.
Question 5
4 out of 4 points
In a bureaucracy, each lower office is under the control and supervision of a higher one. This characteristic of a bureaucracy is known as
Question 6
4 out of 4 points
__________ is any behavior, belief, or condition that violates significant social norms in the society or group in which it occurs.
Question 7
4 out of 4 points
Examples of __________ include two people who are best friends, married couples, and domestic partnerships.
Question 8
0 out of 4 points
A(n) __________ is a number of people who may never have met one another but share a similar characteristic.
Question 9
4 out of 4 points
According to social scientist Barry Krisberg, __________ is the possession of what is most valued by a particular social group in a given historical period.
Question 10
4 out of 4 points
According to the text, Solomon Asch’s experiment demonstrated that
Question 11
4 out of 4 points
__________ refers to a violation of law or the commission of a status offense (such as cutting school or running away from home) by young people.
Question 12
4 out of 4 points
According to functionalists, acts of civil disobedience (including lunch counter sit-ins and bus boycotts) exemplify which function of deviance?
Question 13
4 out of 4 points
Based on their research, sociologists Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin identified three basic gang types. The __________ is devoted to theft, extortion, and other illegal means of securing an income.
Question 14
4 out of 4 points
Which of the following is not considered an index crime?
Question 15
0 out of 4 points
Two members may unite to create a __________ that can subject the third member to group pressure to conform. It is an alliance created in an attempt to reach a shared objective or goal.
Question 16
4 out of 4 points
The __________ feminist approach is based on the assumption that women are exploited by both capitalism and patriarchy. From this approach, women’s criminal behavior is linked to gender conflict created by the economic and social struggle that often takes place in postindustrial societies.
Question 17
4 out of 4 points
For a person who strongly believes in the value of human rights and equal opportunity, which of the following would not constitute a reference group?
Question 18
4 out of 4 points
All of the following are ways, in which an organization, such as a country club, may maintain formal group boundaries, except
Question 19
4 out of 4 points
In discussing primary and secondary groups, the text points out that
Question 20
4 out of 4 points
__________ leaders make all major group decisions and assign tasks to members.
Question 21
4 out of 4 points
A bureaucrat pays so much attention to the rules that he loses sight of what the organization he works for is trying to accomplish. This illustrates
Question 22
4 out of 4 points
__________ seeks to return offenders to the community as law-abiding citizens by providing therapy or vocational or educational training. Based on this approach, offenders are treated, not punished, so that they will not continue their criminal activity.
Question 23
4 out of 4 points
A minister who is opposed to war conducts a nonviolent protest at a local military installation, thus committing a trespassing violation. This person has engaged in
Question 24
0 out of 4 points
Total institutions, such as boot camps, prisons, and some mental hospitals, are examples of __________ organizations.
Question 25
4 out of 4 points
Leadership in secondary groups (such as colleges, governmental agencies, and corporations) involves
Post SOC101 Unit 4 Quiz
Question 1
0 out of 4 points
As practiced in the United States, all of the following were characteristics of slavery, except:
Question 2
4 out of 4 points
The gap in global income differences between rich and poor countries has __________ over the past 50 years.
Question 3
4 out of 4 points
According to sociologist Diana Pearce, __________ refers to the trend in which women are disproportionately represented among individuals living in poverty.
Question 4
4 out of 4 points
Sarah’s father is a carpenter who makes good wages in good economic times but is unemployed when the construction industry slows to a standstill. Sarah becomes a neurologist, earning $345,000 a year, and moves from the working class to the upper-middle class.Between her father’s generation and her own, Sarah has experienced __________ social mobility.
Question 5
4 out of 4 points
Sociologist Dennis Gilbert compares the distribution of income to a national pie that has been sliced into portions. In 2006, the poorest 20 percent of households received approximately __________ of the total income pie.
Question 6
0 out of 4 points
The text points out that, for the past 50 years, occupational ratings by prestige have been remarkably consistent. In both 1963 and 1996, which of the following occupations received the highest score in the United States?
Question 7
4 out of 4 points
According to the social class model developed by sociologists Dennis Gilbert and Joseph Kahl, members of the __________ class come from prominent families who possess great wealth that they have held for several generations. Family names such as Rockefeller and Kennedy are well known and often held in high esteem.
Question 8
4 out of 4 points
A condition in which people do not have the means to secure the most basic necessities of life is called
Question 9
4 out of 4 points
In 1990, the United Nations introduced the __________, establishing three new criteria in addition to the gross domestic product, for measuring the level of advancement in a country: life expectancy, education, and living standards.
Question 10
4 out of 4 points
In the United States, Native Americans are designated indigenous people who are descended from a country’s aboriginal population and will be considered the
Question 11
4 out of 4 points
Based on the new international division of labor theory, __________ chains is the term used to describe industries in which transnational corporations play a central part in controlling the production process.
Question 12
4 out of 4 points
Sociologists often use the term __________ to refer to a combined measure that attempts to classify individuals, families, or households in terms of factors such as income, occupation, and education to determine class location.
Question 13
0 out of 4 points
The World Bank focuses on these three development themes in classifying nations into economic categories
Question 14
4 out of 4 points
Health is defined in the Constitution of the World Health Organization as:
Question 15
0 out of 4 points
One of the most important characteristics of systems of stratification is their degree of flexibility. In a closed system of stratification,
Question 16
4 out of 4 points
__________ is the value of all of a person’s or family’s economic assets,including income, personal property, and income-producing property.
Question 17
4 out of 4 points
__________ were said to consist of the rich, industrialized nations that primarily had capitalist economic systems and democratic political systems.
Question 18
4 out of 4 points
The text points out that some people in the working class are employed in __________ occupations—relatively low-paying, non-manual, semiskilled positions primarily held by women, such as day care workers, checkout clerks, cashiers, and waitpersons.
Question 19
0 out of 4 points
According to sociologist Manuel Castells, the __________ has disintegrated with the advent of the Information Age, a period in which industrial capitalism is being superseded by global informational capitalism.
Question 20
4 out of 4 points
As compared with lower-middle-income economies, nations having upper-middle-income economies typically
Question 21
4 out of 4 points
Nations that are primarily agrarian with little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income are referred to as
Question 22
4 out of 4 points
In a __________, marriage is endogamous, meaning that people are allowed to marry only within their own group.
Question 23
4 out of 4 points
According to your text, all of the following are factors that have eroded the American Dream for the middle class, except
Question 24
4 out of 4 points
The __________ states that global poverty can at least partially be attributed to the fact that the low-income countries have been exploited by the high-income countries.
Question 25
4 out of 4 points
One of the most important characteristics of systems of stratification is their degree of flexibility. In an open system of stratification
Post SOC101 Unit 5 Quiz
Question 1
4 out of 4 points
__________ is how a person perceives and feels about his or her body; it also includes an awareness of social conditions in society that contribute to this self-knowledge.
Sexual identity
Gender identity
Correct Body consciousness
Gender role
Question 2
4 out of 4 points
__________ discrimination consists of the day-to-day practices of organizations and institutions that have a harmful impact on members of subordinate groups.
Individual
Marginal
Correct Institutional
Uniform
Question 3
4 out of 4 points
__________ involves actions or practices of dominant group members (or their representatives) that have a harmful impact on members of a subordinate group.
Prejudice
Racism
Stereotyping
Correct Discrimination
Question 4
4 out of 4 points
Sociologists Michael Omi and Howard Winant suggest that the U.S. government has shaped the politics of race through
affirmative action programs.
Correct actions and policies that cause people to be treated differently because of their race, such as immigration legislation.
intervention in the internal political affairs of the nations of South Africa.
encouraging the release of political prisoners who have been detained primarily due to their ethnic background.
Question 5
4 out of 4 points
Segregation may be enforced by law. __________ segregation refers to laws that systematically enforced the physical and social separation of African Americans in all areas of public life.
De face
Correct De jure
De hisce
De facto
Question 6
0 out of 4 points
In the late nineteenth century, middle-class women started to become preoccupied with __________ .
farming
domestication of animals
the cult of personality
Correct body fitness
Question 7
4 out of 4 points
__________ is blatant and may take the form of public statements about the “inferiority” of members of a racial or ethnic group.
Open racism
Subtle racism
Correct Overt racism
Closed racism
Question 8
0 out of 4 points
All of the following statements regarding functionalist perspectives on gender stratification are TRUE, except
women and men have distinct roles that are important for the survival of the family and society.
Correct in industrialized societies, wives perform instrumental tasks while husbands perform the expressive tasks.
the most basic division of labor is biological and involves such attributes as physical strength and the ability to bear and nurse children.
relationships between men and women are damaged when changes in gender roles occur.
Question 9
4 out of 4 points
A man applies for a job at a factory where many people of color are employed. A more qualified African American is hired for this job. The unsuccessful applicant proceeds to direct a great deal of hatred at African Americans and may even become violent in his relationships with members of this subordinate group. This is an example of the
Correct frustration-aggression hypothesis.
social learning theory.
authoritarian personality principle.
social convergence hypothesis.
Question 10
4 out of 4 points
Which group has the highest rate of infant mortality and death by exposure and malnutrition? They also have high rates of suicide, substance abuse, and school violence.
Correct Native Americans
African Americans
Asian Americans
Hispanic Americans
Question 11
4 out of 4 points
In discussing women’s participation in athletics, the text observes that
women athletes no longer encounter any status conflicts between being “women” and “athletes.”
few girls and women participate in sports that are regarded as exclusively “male” activities.
Correct women college basketball players may deal with status conflict by dividing their lives into segments, as “women” and “athletes.”
men encourage women in participation in athletics.
Question 12
4 out of 4 points
__________ refers to the means by which a society gains the basic necessities of life, including food, shelter, and clothing.
Technoeconomic base
Division of labor
Correct Subsistence
Pastoralism
Question 13
4 out of 4 points
The ultimate form of discrimination occurs when people are considered to be unworthy to live because of their race or ethnicity. __________ is the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation.
Discrimination
Correct Genocide
Prejudice
Racism
Question 14
4 out of 4 points
__________ is most visible in occupations that remain more than 90 percent female (for example, secretary and registered nurse) or more than 90 percent male (for example, carpenter and mechanic).
The sexist division
Correct Gender-segregated work
Gender slanting
The gender ghetto
Question 15
4 out of 4 points
__________ is the belief that wages ought to reflect the worth of a job, not the gender or race of the worker.
Genderization
Sexual differentiation
Correct Pay equity or comparable worth
Pay inequity
Question 16
4 out of 4 points
According to the text’s discussion of gender issues in the twenty-first century,
Correct in the past 30 years, women have made significant progress in the labor force.
sexual discrimination in the workplace and in our school systems has been ignored in the legislature.
fewer and fewer women are entering the political arena as candidates instead of volunteers.
most gender issues are in the process of being resolved.
Question 17
4 out of 4 points
According to sociologist Robert Merton’s typology of prejudice and discrimination, __________ hold personal prejudice but do not discriminate due to peer pressure, legal demands, or a desire for profits.
prejudiced discriminators
unprejudiced discriminators
Correct prejudiced nondiscriminators
unprejudiced nondiscriminators
Question 18
4 out of 4 points
__________ refers to the biological and anatomical differences between females and males.
Correct Sex
Primary distinctions
Gender
Secondary distinctions
Question 19
4 out of 4 points
All of the following statements regarding gender socialization by parents are TRUE, except
children’s toys reflect their parent’s gender expectation.
when girl babies cry, parents respond to them more quickly.
Correct parents are more prone to talk and sing to male infants.
girl babies receive more gentle treatment.
Question 20
4 out of 4 points
A gendered experience, __________ is the process of deliberately cultivating an increase in the mass and strength of the skeletal muscles by means of lifting and pushing weights.
bodychiseling
Correct bodybuilding
bodystructuring
bodysculpturing
Question 21
4 out of 4 points
To sociologists, a __________ is one that is advantaged and has superior resources and rights in a society.
Correct dominant group
minority group
subordinate group
multilateral group
Question 22
4 out of 4 points
__________ occurs when members of a racial or ethnic group are conquered and forcibly placed under the economic and political control of the dominant group in a particular society.
Structural segregation
Correct Internal colonialism
Classic colonialism
Racial discrimination
Question 23
4 out of 4 points
In San Jose, California, managers of Denny’s restaurants were instructed to implement policies designed to limit or discourage African American patronage. According to sociologist Joe Feagin, these policies illustrate __________ discrimination.
indirect institutionalized
small-group
Correct direct institutionalized
Isolate
Question 24
4 out of 4 points
Ethnic groups share all of the following main characteristics, except
a sense of community.
a feeling of ethnocentrism.
Correct identical genetic heritage.
territoriality.
Question 25
4 out of 4 points
__________ examine how microlevel contacts between people may produce either greater racial tolerance or increased levels of hostility.
Conflict theorists
Correct Symbolic interactionists
Functionalists
Postmodern theorists
Post SOC101 Unit 6 Quiz
The most prevalent form of polygamy is __________. For example, government officials in Africa estimate that 20 percent of Zambian marriages today are this type.
polyandry
homogamy
polygyny
endogamy
Question 2
4 out of 4 points
In regards to the instruction in Japanese high schools for the college-bound, all of the following are TRUE, except
students are expected to be fluent in more than one language.
students often take challenging math and science courses several years before their U.S. counterparts.
students only focus on their native language, focusing on vocabulary and sentence construction.
students must be prepared for a variety of college entrance examinations.
Question 3
4 out of 4 points
The __________ refers to family units that are composed of relatives in addition to parents and children who live in the same household.
blended family
conventional family
extended family
nuclear family
Question 4
4 out of 4 points
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of single-parent households. What percentage of households in the US are maintained by single parents living with children under the age of 18?
7%
12%
25%
35%
Question 5
6 out of 6 points
The __________ is the family into which a person is born and in which early socialization usually takes place.
family of orientation
nuclear family
family of procreation
extended family
Question 6
4 out of 4 points
__________ is a legally recognized and/or socially approved arrangement between two or more individuals that carries certain rights and obligations and usually involves sexual activity.
Marriage
Cohabitation
Trial separation
Monogamous experimentation
Question 7
4 out of 4 points
According to sociologist George Ritzer, __________ can be thought of as a means of mass educational consumption that allows students to consume educational services and eventually obtain “goods” such as degrees and credentials.
digital divide
“consumerism”
“McUniversity”
“massism”
Question 8
4 out of 4 points
Students may learn information in school that contradicts beliefs held by their parents or their religion. Debates over the content of textbooks and library books typically center on information that parents deem unacceptable for their children. This illustrates which latent function of education?
social placement
matchmaking and production of social networks
restricting some activities
creation of a generation gap
Question 9
4 out of 4 points
__________ theorists believe that tracking seriously affects many students’ educational performances and their overall academic accomplishments. In elementary schools, tracking is often referred to as ability grouping and is based on the assumption that it is easier to teach a group of students who have similar abilities.
Functionalist
Conflict
Symbolic interactionist
Postmodernist
Question 10
4 out of 4 points
In __________ systems, inheritance of property and position usually is traced from the maternal uncle (mother’s brother) to his nephew (mother’s son) and, in some cases, mothers may pass on their property to daughters.
matricentric
matrilocal
matrilineal
matriarchal
Question 11
4 out of 4 points
Some purposes of education are ___________—open, stated, and intended goals or consequences of activities within an organization or institution.
latent functions
intrinsic functions
extrinsic functions
manifest functions
Question 12
0 out of 4 points
A teacher who believes (as a result of stereotypes based on the relationship between IQ and race) that some students of color are less capable of learning and treats them accordingly may contribute to
a self-fulfilling prophecy.
the labeling process.
tracking.
the hidden curriculum.
Question 13
0 out of 4 points
Education serves an important purpose in all societies. At the __________, people must acquire the basic knowledge and skills they need to survive in society.
mesolevel
macrolevel
tertiary level
microlevel
Question 14
4 out of 4 points
Through the __________, schools make working-class and poverty-level students aware that they will be expected to take orders from others, arrive at work punctually, follow bureaucratic rules, and experience high levels of boredom without complaining. Over time, these students may be disqualified from higher education and barred from obtaining the credentials necessary for well-paid occupations.
latent function of education
educational indoctrination
tracking system
hidden curriculum
Question 15
4 out of 4 points
According to the text, what are the latent functions of education?
Socialization, transmission or culture, multicultural education, social control, and social placement.
Restricting some activities, matchmaking and production of a social network, and creation of a generation gap.
Mass education
Citizenship education, socialization, and the “basics”
Question 16
0 out of 4 points
Education keeps students off the street and out of the full-time job market for a number of years, thus helping keep unemployment within reasonable bounds. This illustrates which latent function of education?
restricting some activities
matchmaking and production of social networks
creation of a generation gap
social placement
Question 17
4 out of 4 points
Residential patterns are interrelated with the authority structure and method of tracing descent in families. __________ residence refers to the custom of a married couple living in the same household (or community) as the husband’s family.
Patriarchal
Patrilocal
Patricentric
Patrilineal
Question 18
4 out of 4 points
The National Health and Social Life Survey, conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, reported all of the following findings, except
9 percent of the men said they had at least one homosexual encounter resulting in orgasm.
2.8 percent of the men and 1.4 percent of the women in this investigation identified themselves as gay or lesbian.
persons who engaged in extramarital sex found their activities to be less thrilling than those with a marital partner, but they also felt less guilt.
persons in sustained relationships such as marriage or cohabitation found sexual activity to be the most satisfying emotionally and physically.
Question 19
4 out of 4 points
__________ is learning that takes place within an academic setting such as a school, which has a planned instructional process and teachers who convey specific knowledge, skills, and thinking processes to students.
Formal education
Latent education
Informal education
Manifest education
Question 20
4 out of 4 points
Conflict explanations of family problems, such as high rates of divorce and overall family instability, focus on
how exploitation of the lower classes by the upper classes contributes to family problems.
the relationship between family troubles and changes in other social institutions, such as the economy, religion, and law.
the way in which definitions concerning family problems not only are socially constructed, but also have an effect on how people are treated.
diversity and fragmentation of families.
Question 21
6 out of 6 points
What constitutes a “family” has been widely debated. For many years, the standard sociological definition of family was
a social network of people based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.
a group of people who are related to one another by bonds of blood, marriage, or adoption and who live together, form an economic unit and bear and raise children.
a group of people which consist of a husband and wife, children from previous marriages, and children (if any) from the new marriage.
a social network of people into which a person is born in and is composed of relatives, in addition to parents and children who live in the same household.
Question 22
0 out of 4 points
Parents and other relatives are responsible for teaching children the necessary knowledge and skills to survive. This statement refers to which of the following key functions that families serve?
Sexual regulation
Socialization
Economic and psychological support
Provisions of social status
Question 23
4 out of 4 points
According to the status dropout rate, about __________ of 16-to 24-year-olds were not enrolled in high school and had not earned a high school diploma or equivalent.
7000
356,000
1.5 million
3 million
Question 24
4 out of 4 points
In the United States, most people practice __________. They marry people who come from the same social class, racial/ethnic group, religious affiliation, and other categories considered important within their own social group.
exogamy
egalitarianism
heterogamy
endogamy
Post SOC101 Unit 7 Quiz
Question 1
4 out of 4 points
__________ study specific religious doctrines or belief systems, including answers to questions such as what is the nature of God or the gods and what is the relationship among supernatural power, human beings, and the universe.
Sociologists
Theologians
Anthropologists
Behavioral scientists
Question 2
4 out of 4 points
In comparing health care expenditures in Sweden and the United States, we find that
Sweden spends less per person on health care, but has a lower infant mortality rate than the U.S.
Sweden spends less on health care but has a higher infant mortality rate.
Sweden has a shorter life expectancy.
the more money spent on health care, the better the people’s health.
Question 3
4 out of 4 points
Tobacco (nicotine) is classified as a(n) __________ because it excites central nervous system receptors and activates them to release adrenaline, which raises blood pressure, speeds up the heartbeat and gives the user a temporary sense of alertness.
depressant
hallucinogen
stimulant
inhalant
Question 4
4 out of 4 points
In very simple preindustrial societies, religion often takes the form of __________—the belief that supernatural forces affect people’s lives either positively or negatively.
simple supernaturalism
animism
theism
transcendent idealism
Question 5
4 out of 4 points
In relation to social epidemiology, __________ take(s) into account demographic factors (age, sex, and race/ethnicity), physical condition, habits and customs, and lifestyle.
the human host
disease agents
health coefficients
the environment
Question 6
4 out of 4 points
In the educational debate over creationism and evolutionism, advocates of evolutionism argue that their beliefs are based on __________ (provable scientific) facts.
ritual
profane
sacred
spiritual
Question 7
0 out of 4 points
In discussing gender issues and religion, the text points out that the Hindu goddess Kali represents
women’s fundamental power.
men’s eternal battle against the evils of materialism.
women’s place in the community.
men’s dependence on women.
Question 8
0 out of 4 points
Civil religion may serve a(n) __________ function by pointing out discrepancies between the nation’s ideals and the realities of its actions.
empathic
prophetic
priestly
manifest
Question 9
4 out of 4 points
Compared with non-users, individuals who use cocaine over an extended period of time have
higher rates of infection.
heart problems.
internal bleeding.
all of the above health problems.
Question 10
4 out of 4 points
Alcoholic cirrhosis is the __________ most frequent cause of death in the United States.
third
fifth
seventh
ninth
Question 11
4 out of 4 points
Two of the most common sources of chronic disease and premature death are
tobacco use and infectious disease.
AIDS and heart disease.
heart disease and alcohol abuse.
tobacco use and alcohol abuse.
Question 12
0 out of 4 points
Which of the following sociological perspectives analyzes the micro aspects of religion?
Conflict
Functionalism
Postmodernism
Symbolic Interactionism
Question 13
4 out of 4 points
According to sociologist Karl Marx, religion unites the masses under a “__________” that they share common interests with members of the dominant class.
comforting umbrella
false consciousness
silver lining
fool’s gold ring
Question 14
0 out of 4 points
The Christian ritual of communion, which not only commemorates a historical event but also allows followers to participate in the unity of themselves with other believers. From a functionalist perspective, this ritual serves the function of
preventing anarchy.
providing meaning and purpose to life.
promoting social cohesion and a sense of belonging.
providing social control and support for the government.
Question 15
4 out of 4 points
Although Judaism has fewer adherents worldwide than some other major religions, its influence is deeply felt in Western culture. Today, there are an estimated __________ million Jews residing in about 134 countries worldwide; however, the majority reside in the United States or Israel.
12
15
24
30
Question 16
4 out of 4 points
With professionalization, __________ gained control over the entire medical establishment.
the American Medical Association
licensed medical doctors
insurance companies
medical schools
Question 17
4 out of 4 points
__________ is the term for any activity intended to improve health.
Holistic medicine
Healing
Medicine
Health care
Question 18
4 out of 4 points
A category of religion, __________ refers to a belief in a god or gods.
animism
simple supernaturalism
transcendent idealism
theism
Question 19
0 out of 4 points
The infant mortality rate in some low-income nations is staggering. In fact, almost __________ percent of all children born in low-income nations die before they reach their first birthday.
7
14
21
28
Question 20
4 out of 4 points
In a __________, patients pay premiums into a fund that in turn pays doctors and hospitals for each treatment that patient receives.
fee-for-service program
third-party provider program
health maintenance organization program
managed care program
Question 21
4 out of 4 points
A __________ is any substance other than food and water that, when taken into the body, alters its function in some way.
drink
juice
drug
vitamin
Question 22
4 out of 4 points
__________ Buddhism, which focuses on the life of the Buddha and seeks to follow his teachings, gained its strongest toehold in Southeast Asia.
Theravadin
Mahayana
Vajrayana
Nirvana
Question 23
4 out of 4 points
According to sociologist Emile Durkheim, all religions share three elements. All of the following were identified, except
beliefs held by adherents.
practices (rituals) engaged in collectively by believers.
a moral community based on the group’s shared beliefs and practices pertaining to the sacred.
rigid criteria for membership.
Question 24
4 out of 4 points
One of the best known religious leaders of modern times was Mohandas “Mahatma” Gandhi, the champion of India’s independence movement, who was devoted to the __________ ideals of nonviolence, honesty, and courage.
Jewish
Hindu
Buddhist
Muslim
Question 25
4 out of 4 points
As more middle- and upper-income individuals and families moved to the suburbs during the twentieth century, some churches followed the members of their congregations to the suburbs. This pattern is known as:
“upgrading”
“secularization”
“reverse religiosity”
“selling-out”
Post SOC101 Unit 8 Quiz
Question 1
4 out of 4 points
An example of a __________ is the popularity of “blogging” on the Internet. A blog is an online journal maintained by an individual who frequently records entries that are maintained in a chronological order.
Question 2
4 out of 4 points
In 1900, the leading cause of death in the United States was
Question 3
4 out of 4 points
Sociologist _________ viewed gossip as something that spread among a small group of individuals who personally knew the person who was the object of the rumor.
Question 4
4 out of 4 points
__________ is the number of people living in a specific geographic area.
Question 5
4 out of 4 points
Sociologist Ernest Burgess developed the __________, which is a description of the process of urban growth that views the city as a series of circular areas, each characterized by a different type of land use, that developed from a central core.
Question 6
4 out of 4 points
According to economist Thomas Malthus, all of the following are positive checks on population, except
Question 7
4 out of 4 points
One measure of population composition is the __________, which is the number of males for every hundred females in a given population.
Question 8
4 out of 4 points
A(n) __________ is highly emotional crowd whose members engage in, or are ready to engage in, violence against a specific target—a person, a category of people, or physical property.
Question 9
4 out of 4 points
The level of fertility in a society is based on biological and social factors, the primary biological factor being
Question 10
4 out of 4 points
Marx and Engels made a significant contribution to the study of demography by suggesting that __________, not overpopulation, is the most important issue with regard to food supply in a capitalist economy.
Question 11
4 out of 4 points
The __________ refers to the number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.
Question 12
4 out of 4 points
__________ movements seek to bring about a total change in society. These movements usually do not attempt to work within the existing system; rather, they aim to remake the system by replacing existing institutions with new ones.
Question 13
4 out of 4 points
Several major theories have been developed in an attempt to explain international migration. The __________ assumes that migration patterns occur based on geographic differences in the supply and demand for labor.
Question 14
4 out of 4 points
Many sociological studies use __________ analysis as a component of the research design because all aspects of social life are affected by it.For example, an important relationship exists between population size and the availability of food, water, energy, and housing.
Question 15
4 out of 4 points
__________ focuses on the social-psychological aspects of collective behavior; it attempts to explain how moods, attitudes, and behavior are communicated rapidly and why they are accepted by others.
Question 16
0 out of 4 points
In 2012, the crude death rate in the United States was __________,
Question 17
4 out of 4 points
The most common type of __________ occurs when people seek to escape from a perceived danger, fearing that few (if any) of them will be able to get away from that danger. They also arise in response to events that people believe are beyond their control.
Question 18
4 out of 4 points
__________ crowds are made up of people who come together for a scheduled event and thus share a common focus.
Question 19
4 out of 4 points
In his study of a lynch mob, social psychologist Hadley Cantril found that
Question 20
4 out of 4 points
The text identifies __________ as the most widely known resistance (regressive) movement.
Question 21
4 out of 4 points
Sociologist Riley Dunlap found that public awareness of the seriousness of environmental problems and support for environmental protection
Question 22
4 out of 4 points
Unlike the __________ behavior that is found in corporations and voluntary associations (such as labor unions), collective behavior lacks an official division of labor, hierarchy of authority, and established rules and procedures.
Question 23
0 out of 4 points
__________ cities increasingly rely on an economic structure that is based on scientific knowledge rather than industrial production and, as a result, a class of professionals and technicians grows in size and influence.
Question 24
0 out of 4 points
During the demographic transition stage of ____________, little population growth occurs because high birth rates are offset by high death rates. Food shortages, poor sanitation, and lack of adequate medical care contribute to high rates of infant and child mortality.
Question 25
4 out of 4 points
__________ refers to unsubstantiated reports on an issue or subject.
