SOC101 All Quizes

SOC101 All Quizes

Subject: Sociology    / General Sociology
Question
Post SOC101 Unit 1 Quiz

Question 1

4 out of 4 points

A __________ analysis focuses on small groups rather than large-scale social structures.

Question 2

0 out of 4 points

__________ researchers generally use surveys, secondary analyses of existing statistical data, and experimental designs.

Question 3

4 out of 4 points

Historically there are no women sociologists.

Question 4

4 out of 4 points

_____________ are patterned ways of acting, thinking, and feeling that exist outside any one individual but that exert social control over each person.

Question 5

4 out of 4 points

Sociology is defined as

Question 6

0 out of 4 points

With __________ research, the goal is scientific objectivity, and the focus is on data that can be measured numerically.

Question 7

0 out of 4 points

Which of the following represents a correct sequence of steps in the “conventional” research model?

Question 8

4 out of 4 points

__________ is the process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in cities rather than in rural areas.

Question 9

4 out of 4 points

Age, sex, race, and ethnicity are often used as __________ variables.

Question 10

4 out of 4 points

Sociologists conducting research may formulate a(n) __________, a statement of the relationship between two or more concepts.

Question 11

4 out of 4 points

A quicker method of administering questionnaires is the __________, which is becoming an increasingly popular way to collect data.

Question 12

4 out of 4 points

This sociologist is described as the founding figure of the functionalist theoretical tradition.

Question 13

4 out of 4 points

The __________ effect is when people change their behavior because they know they are being watched as part of a study.

Question 14

4 out of 4 points

Sociologists obtain their knowledge of human behavior through __________, which results in a body of information that helps us move beyond guesswork and common sense in understanding society.

Question 15

4 out of 4 points

This social scientist focused on micro-level theories, and analyzed the dynamics of two-person and three-person groups.

Question 16

4 out of 4 points

__________ first recognized social dynamics as an underlying component of historical development.

Question 17

4 out of 4 points

The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society is referred to as:

Question 18

4 out of 4 points

__________ is the extent to which a study or research instrument accurately measures what it is supposed to measure.

Question 19

4 out of 4 points

The __________ approach attempts to answer questions through systematic collection and analysis of data. This approach is referred to as the conventional model, or the “scientific method,” and is based on the assumption that knowledge is best gained by direct, systematic observation.

Question 20

4 out of 4 points

With __________ research, interpretative description (words) rather than statistics (numbers) is used to analyze underlying meanings and patterns of social relationships.

Question 21

4 out of 4 points

Social facts are:

Question 22

4 out of 4 points

Sociology prepares people for a wide variety of careers

Question 23

4 out of 4 points

The “founder of sociology” is:

Question 24

4 out of 4 points

In the Marxian framework, the __________ comprise(s) those who own and control the means of production.

Question 25

4 out of 4 points

__________ are specific strategies or techniques for systematically conducting research.

Post SOC101 Unit 2 Quiz

Question 1

4 out of 4 points

Examples of __________ include the beatniks of the 1950s, the flower children of the 1960s, the drug enthusiasts of the 1970s, and members of nonmainstream religious sects, or cults.

Question 2

4 out of 4 points

According to Sigmund Freud, the __________ is the component of personality that includes all of the individual’s basic biological drives and needs that demand immediate gratification.

Question 3

4 out of 4 points

In Jean Piaget’s theory, during the __________ stage (age seven to eleven), children think in terms of tangible objects and actual events. They begin to take the role of others and start to empathize with the viewpoints of others.

Question 4

4 out of 4 points

According to Erik Erikson’s theory, during the __________ stage of psychosocial development (birth to age one), if infants receive good care and nurturing (characterized by emotional warmth, security, and love) from their parents, they will develop a bond. If they do not receive such care, they will become anxious about their surroundings.

Question 5

4 out of 4 points

The case of Anna illustrates the effects of __________ and provides important insights into the importance of a positive socialization process and the negative effects of social isolation.

Question 6

4 out of 4 points

A __________ is a category of people who share distinguishing attributes, beliefs, values, and/or norms that set them apart in some significant manner from the dominant culture.

Question 7

4 out of 4 points

__________ is the belief that the behaviors and customs of any culture must be viewed and analyzed by the culture’s own standards.

Question 8

6 out of 6 points

Spiders do not learn to build webs. They build webs because of __________ that are triggered by basic biological needs such as protection and reproduction.

Question 9

4 out of 4 points

__________ is the systematic study of how biology affects social behavior and asserts that nature is a major factor.

Question 10

4 out of 4 points

In the United States, __________ include using underarm deodorant, brushing our teeth, and wearing appropriate clothing for a specific occasion.

Question 11

4 out of 4 points

__________ are collective ideas about what is right or wrong, good or bad, and desirable or undesirable in a particular culture.

Question 12

4 out of 4 points

In Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory, in the __________ level (few adults reach this stage), people view morality in terms of individual rights; “moral conduct” is judged by principles based on human rights that transcend government and laws.

Question 13

4 out of 4 points

All parts of culture do not change at the same pace. Sociologist William Ogburn referred to this disparity as __________, a gap between the technical development of a society and its moral and legal institutions.

Question 14

4 out of 4 points

Four components make up our self-concept: the active self is best reflected in which of the following?

Question 15

4 out of 4 points

__________ is/are a set of symbols that expresses ideas and enables people to think and communicate with one another.

Question 16

6 out of 6 points

Sociologists define __________ as the knowledge, techniques, and tools that make it possible for people to transform resources into usable forms, and the knowledge and skills required to use them after they are developed.

Question 17

4 out of 4 points

In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in 2005, many people in the United States were more willing to make generous contributions to help the survivors of this natural disaster than they were to help the long-term homeless and disadvantaged throughout the United States. This is an example of

Question 18

4 out of 4 points

Jeffery was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison for this offense. He also practiced cannibalism on his victims. In this situation, the act of murder could be described as the violation of a __________, while cannibalism could be described as the violation of a __________.

Question 19

4 out of 4 points

Psychologist Urie Bronfenbrenner’s __________ theory consists of the interactions a child has with other people, as well as how those interactions are influenced by still other people and situations.

Question 20

4 out of 4 points

__________ is the process of reshaping existing cultural items into a new form. Guns, video games, and airplanes are examples that positively or negatively affect our lives today.

Question 21

4 out of 4 points

All of the following statements regarding cultural universals are true, except:

Question 22

4 out of 4 points

Which of the following statements regarding language is true?

Question 23

4 out of 4 points

Values provide ideals of beliefs about behavior but do not state explicitly how we should behave. __________ are established rules of behavior or standards of conduct

Question 24

0 out of 4 points

Psychologist Jean Piaget believed that, in each stage of human development (from birth to adolescence), children’s activities are governed by their

Post SOC101 Unit 3 Quiz

Question 1

4 out of 4 points

According to the functionalist perspective, deviance is universal because it serves all of the following important functions, except

Question 2

4 out of 4 points

Members of __________ seek to acquire a “rep” (reputation) by fighting over “turf” (territory) and adopting a value system of toughness, courage, and similar qualities.

Question 3

4 out of 4 points

All of the following are components of sociologist Travis Hirschi’s social bonding theory, except

Question 4

4 out of 4 points

According to the __________ approach, people learn to adjust their behavior so that they receive rewards from others rather than negative responses or punishment.

Question 5

4 out of 4 points

In a bureaucracy, each lower office is under the control and supervision of a higher one. This characteristic of a bureaucracy is known as

Question 6

4 out of 4 points

__________ is any behavior, belief, or condition that violates significant social norms in the society or group in which it occurs.

Question 7

4 out of 4 points

Examples of __________ include two people who are best friends, married couples, and domestic partnerships.

Question 8

0 out of 4 points

A(n) __________ is a number of people who may never have met one another but share a similar characteristic.

Question 9

4 out of 4 points

According to social scientist Barry Krisberg, __________ is the possession of what is most valued by a particular social group in a given historical period.

Question 10

4 out of 4 points

According to the text, Solomon Asch’s experiment demonstrated that

Question 11

4 out of 4 points

__________ refers to a violation of law or the commission of a status offense (such as cutting school or running away from home) by young people.

Question 12

4 out of 4 points

According to functionalists, acts of civil disobedience (including lunch counter sit-ins and bus boycotts) exemplify which function of deviance?

Question 13

4 out of 4 points

Based on their research, sociologists Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin identified three basic gang types. The __________ is devoted to theft, extortion, and other illegal means of securing an income.

Question 14

4 out of 4 points

Which of the following is not considered an index crime?

Question 15

0 out of 4 points

Two members may unite to create a __________ that can subject the third member to group pressure to conform. It is an alliance created in an attempt to reach a shared objective or goal.

Question 16

4 out of 4 points

The __________ feminist approach is based on the assumption that women are exploited by both capitalism and patriarchy. From this approach, women’s criminal behavior is linked to gender conflict created by the economic and social struggle that often takes place in postindustrial societies.

Question 17

4 out of 4 points

For a person who strongly believes in the value of human rights and equal opportunity, which of the following would not constitute a reference group?

Question 18

4 out of 4 points

All of the following are ways, in which an organization, such as a country club, may maintain formal group boundaries, except

Question 19

4 out of 4 points

In discussing primary and secondary groups, the text points out that

Question 20

4 out of 4 points

__________ leaders make all major group decisions and assign tasks to members.

Question 21

4 out of 4 points

A bureaucrat pays so much attention to the rules that he loses sight of what the organization he works for is trying to accomplish. This illustrates

Question 22

4 out of 4 points

__________ seeks to return offenders to the community as law-abiding citizens by providing therapy or vocational or educational training. Based on this approach, offenders are treated, not punished, so that they will not continue their criminal activity.

Question 23

4 out of 4 points

A minister who is opposed to war conducts a nonviolent protest at a local military installation, thus committing a trespassing violation. This person has engaged in

Question 24

0 out of 4 points

Total institutions, such as boot camps, prisons, and some mental hospitals, are examples of __________ organizations.

Question 25

4 out of 4 points

Leadership in secondary groups (such as colleges, governmental agencies, and corporations) involves

Post SOC101 Unit 4 Quiz

Question 1

0 out of 4 points

As practiced in the United States, all of the following were characteristics of slavery, except:

Question 2

4 out of 4 points

The gap in global income differences between rich and poor countries has __________ over the past 50 years.

Question 3

4 out of 4 points

According to sociologist Diana Pearce, __________ refers to the trend in which women are disproportionately represented among individuals living in poverty.

Question 4

4 out of 4 points

Sarah’s father is a carpenter who makes good wages in good economic times but is unemployed when the construction industry slows to a standstill. Sarah becomes a neurologist, earning $345,000 a year, and moves from the working class to the upper-middle class.Between her father’s generation and her own, Sarah has experienced __________ social mobility.

Question 5

4 out of 4 points

Sociologist Dennis Gilbert compares the distribution of income to a national pie that has been sliced into portions. In 2006, the poorest 20 percent of households received approximately __________ of the total income pie.

Question 6

0 out of 4 points

The text points out that, for the past 50 years, occupational ratings by prestige have been remarkably consistent. In both 1963 and 1996, which of the following occupations received the highest score in the United States?

Question 7

4 out of 4 points

According to the social class model developed by sociologists Dennis Gilbert and Joseph Kahl, members of the __________ class come from prominent families who possess great wealth that they have held for several generations. Family names such as Rockefeller and Kennedy are well known and often held in high esteem.

Question 8

4 out of 4 points

A condition in which people do not have the means to secure the most basic necessities of life is called

Question 9

4 out of 4 points

In 1990, the United Nations introduced the __________, establishing three new criteria in addition to the gross domestic product, for measuring the level of advancement in a country: life expectancy, education, and living standards.

Question 10

4 out of 4 points

In the United States, Native Americans are designated indigenous people who are descended from a country’s aboriginal population and will be considered the

Question 11

4 out of 4 points

Based on the new international division of labor theory, __________ chains is the term used to describe industries in which transnational corporations play a central part in controlling the production process.

Question 12

4 out of 4 points

Sociologists often use the term __________ to refer to a combined measure that attempts to classify individuals, families, or households in terms of factors such as income, occupation, and education to determine class location.

Question 13

0 out of 4 points

The World Bank focuses on these three development themes in classifying nations into economic categories

Question 14

4 out of 4 points

Health is defined in the Constitution of the World Health Organization as:

Question 15

0 out of 4 points

One of the most important characteristics of systems of stratification is their degree of flexibility. In a closed system of stratification,

Question 16

4 out of 4 points

__________ is the value of all of a person’s or family’s economic assets,including income, personal property, and income-producing property.

Question 17

4 out of 4 points

__________ were said to consist of the rich, industrialized nations that primarily had capitalist economic systems and democratic political systems.

Question 18

4 out of 4 points

The text points out that some people in the working class are employed in __________ occupations—relatively low-paying, non-manual, semiskilled positions primarily held by women, such as day care workers, checkout clerks, cashiers, and waitpersons.

Question 19

0 out of 4 points

According to sociologist Manuel Castells, the __________ has disintegrated with the advent of the Information Age, a period in which industrial capitalism is being superseded by global informational capitalism.

Question 20

4 out of 4 points

As compared with lower-middle-income economies, nations having upper-middle-income economies typically

Question 21

4 out of 4 points

Nations that are primarily agrarian with little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income are referred to as

Question 22

4 out of 4 points

In a __________, marriage is endogamous, meaning that people are allowed to marry only within their own group.

Question 23

4 out of 4 points

According to your text, all of the following are factors that have eroded the American Dream for the middle class, except

Question 24

4 out of 4 points

The __________ states that global poverty can at least partially be attributed to the fact that the low-income countries have been exploited by the high-income countries.

Question 25

4 out of 4 points

One of the most important characteristics of systems of stratification is their degree of flexibility. In an open system of stratification

Post SOC101 Unit 5 Quiz

Question 1

4 out of 4 points

__________ is how a person perceives and feels about his or her body; it also includes an awareness of social conditions in society that contribute to this self-knowledge.

Sexual identity

Gender identity

Correct Body consciousness

Gender role

Question 2

4 out of 4 points

__________ discrimination consists of the day-to-day practices of organizations and institutions that have a harmful impact on members of subordinate groups.

Individual

Marginal

Correct Institutional

Uniform

Question 3

4 out of 4 points

__________ involves actions or practices of dominant group members (or their representatives) that have a harmful impact on members of a subordinate group.

Prejudice

Racism

Stereotyping

Correct Discrimination

Question 4

4 out of 4 points

Sociologists Michael Omi and Howard Winant suggest that the U.S. government has shaped the politics of race through

affirmative action programs.

Correct actions and policies that cause people to be treated differently because of their race, such as immigration legislation.

intervention in the internal political affairs of the nations of South Africa.

encouraging the release of political prisoners who have been detained primarily due to their ethnic background.

Question 5

4 out of 4 points

Segregation may be enforced by law. __________ segregation refers to laws that systematically enforced the physical and social separation of African Americans in all areas of public life.

De face

Correct De jure

De hisce

De facto

Question 6

0 out of 4 points

In the late nineteenth century, middle-class women started to become preoccupied with __________ .

farming

domestication of animals

the cult of personality

Correct body fitness

Question 7

4 out of 4 points

__________ is blatant and may take the form of public statements about the “inferiority” of members of a racial or ethnic group.

Open racism

Subtle racism

Correct Overt racism

Closed racism

Question 8

0 out of 4 points

All of the following statements regarding functionalist perspectives on gender stratification are TRUE, except

women and men have distinct roles that are important for the survival of the family and society.

Correct in industrialized societies, wives perform instrumental tasks while husbands perform the expressive tasks.

the most basic division of labor is biological and involves such attributes as physical strength and the ability to bear and nurse children.

relationships between men and women are damaged when changes in gender roles occur.

Question 9

4 out of 4 points

A man applies for a job at a factory where many people of color are employed. A more qualified African American is hired for this job. The unsuccessful applicant proceeds to direct a great deal of hatred at African Americans and may even become violent in his relationships with members of this subordinate group. This is an example of the

Correct frustration-aggression hypothesis.

social learning theory.

authoritarian personality principle.

social convergence hypothesis.

Question 10

4 out of 4 points

Which group has the highest rate of infant mortality and death by exposure and malnutrition? They also have high rates of suicide, substance abuse, and school violence.

Correct Native Americans

African Americans

Asian Americans

Hispanic Americans

Question 11

4 out of 4 points

In discussing women’s participation in athletics, the text observes that

women athletes no longer encounter any status conflicts between being “women” and “athletes.”

few girls and women participate in sports that are regarded as exclusively “male” activities.

Correct women college basketball players may deal with status conflict by dividing their lives into segments, as “women” and “athletes.”

men encourage women in participation in athletics.

Question 12

4 out of 4 points

__________ refers to the means by which a society gains the basic necessities of life, including food, shelter, and clothing.

Technoeconomic base

Division of labor

Correct Subsistence

Pastoralism

Question 13

4 out of 4 points

The ultimate form of discrimination occurs when people are considered to be unworthy to live because of their race or ethnicity. __________ is the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation.

Discrimination

Correct Genocide

Prejudice

Racism

Question 14

4 out of 4 points

__________ is most visible in occupations that remain more than 90 percent female (for example, secretary and registered nurse) or more than 90 percent male (for example, carpenter and mechanic).

The sexist division

Correct Gender-segregated work

Gender slanting

The gender ghetto

Question 15

4 out of 4 points

__________ is the belief that wages ought to reflect the worth of a job, not the gender or race of the worker.

Genderization

Sexual differentiation

Correct Pay equity or comparable worth

Pay inequity

Question 16

4 out of 4 points

According to the text’s discussion of gender issues in the twenty-first century,

Correct in the past 30 years, women have made significant progress in the labor force.

sexual discrimination in the workplace and in our school systems has been ignored in the legislature.

fewer and fewer women are entering the political arena as candidates instead of volunteers.

most gender issues are in the process of being resolved.

Question 17

4 out of 4 points

According to sociologist Robert Merton’s typology of prejudice and discrimination, __________ hold personal prejudice but do not discriminate due to peer pressure, legal demands, or a desire for profits.

prejudiced discriminators

unprejudiced discriminators

Correct prejudiced nondiscriminators

unprejudiced nondiscriminators

Question 18

4 out of 4 points

__________ refers to the biological and anatomical differences between females and males.

Correct Sex

Primary distinctions

Gender

Secondary distinctions

Question 19

4 out of 4 points

All of the following statements regarding gender socialization by parents are TRUE, except

children’s toys reflect their parent’s gender expectation.

when girl babies cry, parents respond to them more quickly.

Correct parents are more prone to talk and sing to male infants.

girl babies receive more gentle treatment.

Question 20

4 out of 4 points

A gendered experience, __________ is the process of deliberately cultivating an increase in the mass and strength of the skeletal muscles by means of lifting and pushing weights.

bodychiseling

Correct bodybuilding

bodystructuring

bodysculpturing

Question 21

4 out of 4 points

To sociologists, a __________ is one that is advantaged and has superior resources and rights in a society.

Correct dominant group

minority group

subordinate group

multilateral group

Question 22

4 out of 4 points

__________ occurs when members of a racial or ethnic group are conquered and forcibly placed under the economic and political control of the dominant group in a particular society.

Structural segregation

Correct Internal colonialism

Classic colonialism

Racial discrimination

Question 23

4 out of 4 points

In San Jose, California, managers of Denny’s restaurants were instructed to implement policies designed to limit or discourage African American patronage. According to sociologist Joe Feagin, these policies illustrate __________ discrimination.

indirect institutionalized

small-group

Correct direct institutionalized

Isolate

Question 24

4 out of 4 points

Ethnic groups share all of the following main characteristics, except

a sense of community.

a feeling of ethnocentrism.

Correct identical genetic heritage.

territoriality.

Question 25

4 out of 4 points

__________ examine how microlevel contacts between people may produce either greater racial tolerance or increased levels of hostility.

Conflict theorists

Correct Symbolic interactionists

Functionalists

Postmodern theorists

Post SOC101 Unit 6 Quiz

The most prevalent form of polygamy is __________. For example, government officials in Africa estimate that 20 percent of Zambian marriages today are this type.

polyandry

homogamy

polygyny

endogamy

Question 2

4 out of 4 points

In regards to the instruction in Japanese high schools for the college-bound, all of the following are TRUE, except

students are expected to be fluent in more than one language.

students often take challenging math and science courses several years before their U.S. counterparts.

students only focus on their native language, focusing on vocabulary and sentence construction.

students must be prepared for a variety of college entrance examinations.

Question 3

4 out of 4 points

The __________ refers to family units that are composed of relatives in addition to parents and children who live in the same household.

blended family

conventional family

extended family

nuclear family

Question 4

4 out of 4 points

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of single-parent households. What percentage of households in the US are maintained by single parents living with children under the age of 18?

7%

12%

25%

35%

Question 5

6 out of 6 points

The __________ is the family into which a person is born and in which early socialization usually takes place.

family of orientation

nuclear family

family of procreation

extended family

Question 6

4 out of 4 points

__________ is a legally recognized and/or socially approved arrangement between two or more individuals that carries certain rights and obligations and usually involves sexual activity.

Marriage

Cohabitation

Trial separation

Monogamous experimentation

Question 7

4 out of 4 points

According to sociologist George Ritzer, __________ can be thought of as a means of mass educational consumption that allows students to consume educational services and eventually obtain “goods” such as degrees and credentials.

digital divide

“consumerism”

“McUniversity”

“massism”

Question 8

4 out of 4 points

Students may learn information in school that contradicts beliefs held by their parents or their religion. Debates over the content of textbooks and library books typically center on information that parents deem unacceptable for their children. This illustrates which latent function of education?

social placement

matchmaking and production of social networks

restricting some activities

creation of a generation gap

Question 9

4 out of 4 points

__________ theorists believe that tracking seriously affects many students’ educational performances and their overall academic accomplishments. In elementary schools, tracking is often referred to as ability grouping and is based on the assumption that it is easier to teach a group of students who have similar abilities.

Functionalist

Conflict

Symbolic interactionist

Postmodernist

Question 10

4 out of 4 points

In __________ systems, inheritance of property and position usually is traced from the maternal uncle (mother’s brother) to his nephew (mother’s son) and, in some cases, mothers may pass on their property to daughters.

matricentric

matrilocal

matrilineal

matriarchal

Question 11

4 out of 4 points

Some purposes of education are ___________—open, stated, and intended goals or consequences of activities within an organization or institution.

latent functions

intrinsic functions

extrinsic functions

manifest functions

Question 12

0 out of 4 points

A teacher who believes (as a result of stereotypes based on the relationship between IQ and race) that some students of color are less capable of learning and treats them accordingly may contribute to

a self-fulfilling prophecy.

the labeling process.

tracking.

the hidden curriculum.

Question 13

0 out of 4 points

Education serves an important purpose in all societies. At the __________, people must acquire the basic knowledge and skills they need to survive in society.

mesolevel

macrolevel

tertiary level

microlevel

Question 14

4 out of 4 points

Through the __________, schools make working-class and poverty-level students aware that they will be expected to take orders from others, arrive at work punctually, follow bureaucratic rules, and experience high levels of boredom without complaining. Over time, these students may be disqualified from higher education and barred from obtaining the credentials necessary for well-paid occupations.

latent function of education

educational indoctrination

tracking system

hidden curriculum

Question 15

4 out of 4 points

According to the text, what are the latent functions of education?

Socialization, transmission or culture, multicultural education, social control, and social placement.

Restricting some activities, matchmaking and production of a social network, and creation of a generation gap.

Mass education

Citizenship education, socialization, and the “basics”

Question 16

0 out of 4 points

Education keeps students off the street and out of the full-time job market for a number of years, thus helping keep unemployment within reasonable bounds. This illustrates which latent function of education?

restricting some activities

matchmaking and production of social networks

creation of a generation gap

social placement

Question 17

4 out of 4 points

Residential patterns are interrelated with the authority structure and method of tracing descent in families. __________ residence refers to the custom of a married couple living in the same household (or community) as the husband’s family.

Patriarchal

Patrilocal

Patricentric

Patrilineal

Question 18

4 out of 4 points

The National Health and Social Life Survey, conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, reported all of the following findings, except

9 percent of the men said they had at least one homosexual encounter resulting in orgasm.

2.8 percent of the men and 1.4 percent of the women in this investigation identified themselves as gay or lesbian.

persons who engaged in extramarital sex found their activities to be less thrilling than those with a marital partner, but they also felt less guilt.

persons in sustained relationships such as marriage or cohabitation found sexual activity to be the most satisfying emotionally and physically.

Question 19

4 out of 4 points

__________ is learning that takes place within an academic setting such as a school, which has a planned instructional process and teachers who convey specific knowledge, skills, and thinking processes to students.

Formal education

Latent education

Informal education

Manifest education

Question 20

4 out of 4 points

Conflict explanations of family problems, such as high rates of divorce and overall family instability, focus on

how exploitation of the lower classes by the upper classes contributes to family problems.

the relationship between family troubles and changes in other social institutions, such as the economy, religion, and law.

the way in which definitions concerning family problems not only are socially constructed, but also have an effect on how people are treated.

diversity and fragmentation of families.

Question 21

6 out of 6 points

What constitutes a “family” has been widely debated. For many years, the standard sociological definition of family was

a social network of people based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.

a group of people who are related to one another by bonds of blood, marriage, or adoption and who live together, form an economic unit and bear and raise children.

a group of people which consist of a husband and wife, children from previous marriages, and children (if any) from the new marriage.

a social network of people into which a person is born in and is composed of relatives, in addition to parents and children who live in the same household.

Question 22

0 out of 4 points

Parents and other relatives are responsible for teaching children the necessary knowledge and skills to survive. This statement refers to which of the following key functions that families serve?

Sexual regulation

Socialization

Economic and psychological support

Provisions of social status

Question 23

4 out of 4 points

According to the status dropout rate, about __________ of 16-to 24-year-olds were not enrolled in high school and had not earned a high school diploma or equivalent.

7000

356,000

1.5 million

3 million

Question 24

4 out of 4 points

In the United States, most people practice __________. They marry people who come from the same social class, racial/ethnic group, religious affiliation, and other categories considered important within their own social group.

exogamy

egalitarianism

heterogamy

endogamy

Post SOC101 Unit 7 Quiz

Question 1

4 out of 4 points

__________ study specific religious doctrines or belief systems, including answers to questions such as what is the nature of God or the gods and what is the relationship among supernatural power, human beings, and the universe.

Sociologists

Theologians

Anthropologists

Behavioral scientists

Question 2

4 out of 4 points

In comparing health care expenditures in Sweden and the United States, we find that

Sweden spends less per person on health care, but has a lower infant mortality rate than the U.S.

Sweden spends less on health care but has a higher infant mortality rate.

Sweden has a shorter life expectancy.

the more money spent on health care, the better the people’s health.

Question 3

4 out of 4 points

Tobacco (nicotine) is classified as a(n) __________ because it excites central nervous system receptors and activates them to release adrenaline, which raises blood pressure, speeds up the heartbeat and gives the user a temporary sense of alertness.

depressant

hallucinogen

stimulant

inhalant

Question 4

4 out of 4 points

In very simple preindustrial societies, religion often takes the form of __________—the belief that supernatural forces affect people’s lives either positively or negatively.

simple supernaturalism

animism

theism

transcendent idealism

Question 5

4 out of 4 points

In relation to social epidemiology, __________ take(s) into account demographic factors (age, sex, and race/ethnicity), physical condition, habits and customs, and lifestyle.

the human host

disease agents

health coefficients

the environment

Question 6

4 out of 4 points

In the educational debate over creationism and evolutionism, advocates of evolutionism argue that their beliefs are based on __________ (provable scientific) facts.

ritual

profane

sacred

spiritual

Question 7

0 out of 4 points

In discussing gender issues and religion, the text points out that the Hindu goddess Kali represents

women’s fundamental power.

men’s eternal battle against the evils of materialism.

women’s place in the community.

men’s dependence on women.

Question 8

0 out of 4 points

Civil religion may serve a(n) __________ function by pointing out discrepancies between the nation’s ideals and the realities of its actions.

empathic

prophetic

priestly

manifest

Question 9

4 out of 4 points

Compared with non-users, individuals who use cocaine over an extended period of time have

higher rates of infection.

heart problems.

internal bleeding.

all of the above health problems.

Question 10

4 out of 4 points

Alcoholic cirrhosis is the __________ most frequent cause of death in the United States.

third

fifth

seventh

ninth

Question 11

4 out of 4 points

Two of the most common sources of chronic disease and premature death are

tobacco use and infectious disease.

AIDS and heart disease.

heart disease and alcohol abuse.

tobacco use and alcohol abuse.

Question 12

0 out of 4 points

Which of the following sociological perspectives analyzes the micro aspects of religion?

Conflict

Functionalism

Postmodernism

Symbolic Interactionism

Question 13

4 out of 4 points

According to sociologist Karl Marx, religion unites the masses under a “__________” that they share common interests with members of the dominant class.

comforting umbrella

false consciousness

silver lining

fool’s gold ring

Question 14

0 out of 4 points

The Christian ritual of communion, which not only commemorates a historical event but also allows followers to participate in the unity of themselves with other believers. From a functionalist perspective, this ritual serves the function of

preventing anarchy.

providing meaning and purpose to life.

promoting social cohesion and a sense of belonging.

providing social control and support for the government.

Question 15

4 out of 4 points

Although Judaism has fewer adherents worldwide than some other major religions, its influence is deeply felt in Western culture. Today, there are an estimated __________ million Jews residing in about 134 countries worldwide; however, the majority reside in the United States or Israel.

12

15

24

30

Question 16

4 out of 4 points

With professionalization, __________ gained control over the entire medical establishment.

the American Medical Association

licensed medical doctors

insurance companies

medical schools

Question 17

4 out of 4 points

__________ is the term for any activity intended to improve health.

Holistic medicine

Healing

Medicine

Health care

Question 18

4 out of 4 points

A category of religion, __________ refers to a belief in a god or gods.

animism

simple supernaturalism

transcendent idealism

theism

Question 19

0 out of 4 points

The infant mortality rate in some low-income nations is staggering. In fact, almost __________ percent of all children born in low-income nations die before they reach their first birthday.

7

14

21

28

Question 20

4 out of 4 points

In a __________, patients pay premiums into a fund that in turn pays doctors and hospitals for each treatment that patient receives.

fee-for-service program

third-party provider program

health maintenance organization program

managed care program

Question 21

4 out of 4 points

A __________ is any substance other than food and water that, when taken into the body, alters its function in some way.

drink

juice

drug

vitamin

Question 22

4 out of 4 points

__________ Buddhism, which focuses on the life of the Buddha and seeks to follow his teachings, gained its strongest toehold in Southeast Asia.

Theravadin

Mahayana

Vajrayana

Nirvana

Question 23

4 out of 4 points

According to sociologist Emile Durkheim, all religions share three elements. All of the following were identified, except

beliefs held by adherents.

practices (rituals) engaged in collectively by believers.

a moral community based on the group’s shared beliefs and practices pertaining to the sacred.

rigid criteria for membership.

Question 24

4 out of 4 points

One of the best known religious leaders of modern times was Mohandas “Mahatma” Gandhi, the champion of India’s independence movement, who was devoted to the __________ ideals of nonviolence, honesty, and courage.

Jewish

Hindu

Buddhist

Muslim

Question 25

4 out of 4 points

As more middle- and upper-income individuals and families moved to the suburbs during the twentieth century, some churches followed the members of their congregations to the suburbs. This pattern is known as:

“upgrading”

“secularization”

“reverse religiosity”

“selling-out”

Post SOC101 Unit 8 Quiz

Question 1

4 out of 4 points

An example of a __________ is the popularity of “blogging” on the Internet. A blog is an online journal maintained by an individual who frequently records entries that are maintained in a chronological order.

Question 2

4 out of 4 points

In 1900, the leading cause of death in the United States was

Question 3

4 out of 4 points

Sociologist _________ viewed gossip as something that spread among a small group of individuals who personally knew the person who was the object of the rumor.

Question 4

4 out of 4 points

__________ is the number of people living in a specific geographic area.

Question 5

4 out of 4 points

Sociologist Ernest Burgess developed the __________, which is a description of the process of urban growth that views the city as a series of circular areas, each characterized by a different type of land use, that developed from a central core.

Question 6

4 out of 4 points

According to economist Thomas Malthus, all of the following are positive checks on population, except

Question 7

4 out of 4 points

One measure of population composition is the __________, which is the number of males for every hundred females in a given population.

Question 8

4 out of 4 points

A(n) __________ is highly emotional crowd whose members engage in, or are ready to engage in, violence against a specific target—a person, a category of people, or physical property.

Question 9

4 out of 4 points

The level of fertility in a society is based on biological and social factors, the primary biological factor being

Question 10

4 out of 4 points

Marx and Engels made a significant contribution to the study of demography by suggesting that __________, not overpopulation, is the most important issue with regard to food supply in a capitalist economy.

Question 11

4 out of 4 points

The __________ refers to the number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.

Question 12

4 out of 4 points

__________ movements seek to bring about a total change in society. These movements usually do not attempt to work within the existing system; rather, they aim to remake the system by replacing existing institutions with new ones.

Question 13

4 out of 4 points

Several major theories have been developed in an attempt to explain international migration. The __________ assumes that migration patterns occur based on geographic differences in the supply and demand for labor.

Question 14

4 out of 4 points

Many sociological studies use __________ analysis as a component of the research design because all aspects of social life are affected by it.For example, an important relationship exists between population size and the availability of food, water, energy, and housing.

Question 15

4 out of 4 points

__________ focuses on the social-psychological aspects of collective behavior; it attempts to explain how moods, attitudes, and behavior are communicated rapidly and why they are accepted by others.

Question 16

0 out of 4 points

In 2012, the crude death rate in the United States was __________,

Question 17

4 out of 4 points

The most common type of __________ occurs when people seek to escape from a perceived danger, fearing that few (if any) of them will be able to get away from that danger. They also arise in response to events that people believe are beyond their control.

Question 18

4 out of 4 points

__________ crowds are made up of people who come together for a scheduled event and thus share a common focus.

Question 19

4 out of 4 points

In his study of a lynch mob, social psychologist Hadley Cantril found that

Question 20

4 out of 4 points

The text identifies __________ as the most widely known resistance (regressive) movement.

Question 21

4 out of 4 points

Sociologist Riley Dunlap found that public awareness of the seriousness of environmental problems and support for environmental protection

Question 22

4 out of 4 points

Unlike the __________ behavior that is found in corporations and voluntary associations (such as labor unions), collective behavior lacks an official division of labor, hierarchy of authority, and established rules and procedures.

Question 23

0 out of 4 points

__________ cities increasingly rely on an economic structure that is based on scientific knowledge rather than industrial production and, as a result, a class of professionals and technicians grows in size and influence.

Question 24

0 out of 4 points

During the demographic transition stage of ____________, little population growth occurs because high birth rates are offset by high death rates. Food shortages, poor sanitation, and lack of adequate medical care contribute to high rates of infant and child mortality.

Question 25

4 out of 4 points

__________ refers to unsubstantiated reports on an issue or subject.

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