MICROBIOLO 250 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

MICROBIOLO 250 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Subject: Biology    / Biochemistry
Question
Gas exchange between the alveoli and blood is called?
Environmental respiration
External/pulmonary respiration
Internal/ tissue respiration
Diffusion of gases The vocal cords are found in which of the following structures?
Larynx
Nose
Oropharynx
Trachea Which of the following structures prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Tonsils The incomplete sections of the tracheal rings allow the esophagus to:
Expand into the trachea when swallowing a food bolus
Compress the trachea during vomiting
Close over the trachea, keeping food from entering the lungs
There are no incomplete sections of the tracheal rings Because the right primary bronchus is slightly wider and has a steeper downward angle than the left:
Respiratory infections are more frequent on the right side
Alveoli in the right lung are larger
Foreign bodies frequently lodge on the right side
Foreign bodies more frequently lodge on the left side What structure is responsible for ?sweeping? mucus in the respiratory tract towards the
pharynx/mouth?
Cilia
Goblet cells
Microvilli
Surfactant The grape-like sacs in the lungs where the majority of gas exchange occurs are called:
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Capillaries What is the name of the substance that is produced by Type II cells in the lungs that reduces surface
tension and allows for the elasticity in the alveoli?
Surfactant
Bile
Thymosin
Lung fluid What muscle functions mainly during forced expiration?
External intercostals
Internal intercostals
Scalenes
Sternocleidomastoid What is the correct term used to describe the ease at which lungs can expand?
Atelectasis
Compliance
Edema
Surface tension What Gas Law states that the total atmospheric pressure is the sum of the contributions of the individual
gases?
Boyle’s Law
Charles’ Law
Dalton’s Law
Henry’s Law The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood is approximately:
40 mm Hg
45 mm Hg
50 mm Hg
95 -100 mm Hg The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood is approximately:
40 mm Hg
45 mm Hg
50 mm Hg
100 mm Hg What enzyme is needed to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbonic acid?
Carbonic anhydrase
Carbamino anhydrase
Bicarbonate anydrase
Chloride anhydrase During systemic gas exchange what ion is formed from the breakdown of H2CO3 and is utilized by the
circulatory system as a buffer?
HCO3H2O
H+
CO2