MD BIOL103 – Which of the following traits may be acted
Subject: Biology   / General Biology
1. Which of the following traits may be acted on by natural selection?
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enzyme activity
body shape
rate of ontogenetic development
instinctual behavior
all of the above may be acted upon as long as they are controlled by genes
2. Which of the following is not capable of evolving?
a population of asexually reproducing fruit flies
a rose bush
a population of fruit flies
the collective feral cats of a city
all the HIV in a single patient
3. Below are examples of changes that occur in life. Which one is an example of biological evolution?
A cell starts to express a different set of genes when it is exposed to high levels of testosterone.
Your taste in music changes dramatically between middle school and high school.
A young man’s muscles increase in strength and bulk after he starts lifting weights
In New York City, the average wing length of pigeons decreases over a period of 150 years.
4. Population genetics is the study of ________.
how allele frequencies in a population change over timepopulations of cells in an individualthe rate of population growthhow genes affect embryological development
5. Which of the following variations could be subject to natural selection?
A dog with short legs due to malnutrition is able to crawl into holes better than his litter mates
A tree is not infested by a ground-dwelling beetle when the homeowner cuts the lower branches
A hyena is born with a spotted fur pattern that allows it to hide in the grass bettwe than his litter mates
A pigeon learns than when its keeper comes near it will be fed
All of these variations may be acted on by natural selection
7. _____________ is the primary pressure on species to change over time.
natural section
mutation
adaptation
10. Elephants travel long distances in search of food. Using vibrations felt in the ground, family members traveling separately can communicate with each other. Based on your knowledge of evolution, the ability to communicate over long distances probably developed ___________________________.
slowly over millions of years
by accident
over ten year period
as a strategy to decrease reproduction
as a way to communicate with humans
11. Microevolution is to population as macroevolution is to __________.
individuals
communities
biodiversity
species
12. geographic isolation could result from
a hurricane
an ice age
a fire
all of the above
13. A group of 20 people decide to leave Brazil and settle on a deserted island in the Caribbean. There they form a new population isolated from contact with other human beings. This is an example of ______________.
speciation
gene flow
genetic drift
mutation
14. Complete the following analogy: Microevolution is to population as macroevolution is to ______________.
genes
reproduction
individuals
speciation
15. microevolution is defined as
changes in the frequency of alleles in the gene pool
emergence of new species
changes in population size
changes in the composition of the population
changes in community size
16. A food poisoning outbreak is traced to a new strain of Salmonella bacteria that has a highly potent version of the enterotoxin protein. This toxin is partially responsible for the vomiting and diarrhea associated with Salmonella food poisoning. This is an example of ______________.
mutation
gene flow
genetic drift
macroevolution
17. What are the similarity of fish, frog, bird, and human embryos evidence of?
analogy
common ancestry
genetic drift
genetic mutation
19. Consider Mendel’s pea plants in which a single gene determines whether the peas are yellow from the dominant allele Y or green from the recessive allele y (when both alleles are y). According to the Hardy-Weinberg Principle of Equilibrium, what is the frequency of heterozygous individuals in a population under low selective pressure?
p + q =1
p2
2pq
