Guided Reading – Enzymes and Energy II
Guided Reading - Enzymes and Energy II 1. Isomers are different forms of an enzyme. True False 2. During oxidation, a molecule or atom A. gains protons. B. loses protons. C. gains electrons. D. loses electrons. 3. Oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has ______________ two hydrogens. A. lost B. gained C. shared 4. In general, decreased body temperature causes the rate of enzymatic reactions to decrease. True False 5. Free energy is the only type that can be used to perform cellular work. True False 6. Reduction and oxidation are always coupled. True False 7. Elevated plasma aldolase could be indicative of A. muscular dystrophy. B. pancreatitis. C. pernicious anemia. D. prostate cancer. 8. The model that describes how an enzyme can adjust its shape to fit the shape of the substrate is the A. lock-and-key model. B. enzyme-substrate model. C. induced-fit model. D. conformational model. 9. A ______________ is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one cubic centimeter of water one degree on the Celsius scale. A. specific heat B. meter C. boiling point D. calorie 10. Pyruvate dehydrogenase catalyzes the removal of hydrogen from pyruvic acid. True False 11. Decreased phenylalanine metabolism causes A. albinism. B. hypercholeteremia. C. lactose intolerance. D. Tay-Sachs disease. 12. Dehydration synthesis reactions are catalyzed by A. dehydrogenases. B. hydrolases. C. isomerases. D. synthases. 13. The process that yeast uses to make alcohol from glucose is A. fermentation. B. aerobic respiration. C. photosynthesis. D. catalysis. 14. A reducing agent A. donates protons to an atom or molecule. B. donates electrons to an atom or molecule. C. accepts protons from an atom or molecule. D. accepts electrons from an atom or molecule. E. Both donates electrons and donates protons are correct. 15. A deficiency of dietary copper could limit the activity of some enzymes. True False 16. Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true? A. Enzymes increase chemical reaction rates. B. Enzymes are consumed during a chemical reaction. C. Enzymes decrease the free energy of activation of specific reactions. D. Enzymes have unique pH and temperature optima. 17. FAD and NAD are coenzymes that act as _______ in biochemical reactions. A. hydrogen carriers B. oxygen carriers C. energy carriers D. vitamin carriers 18. The rate at which a chemical reaction can be increased is by either ______________ the temperature or ______________ the activation energy. A. increasing, increasing B. increasing, decreasing C. decreasing, decreasing D. decreasing, increasing 19. Biological catalysts A. decrease reaction rates. B. alter a reaction product. C. remain unchanged at the end of the reaction. D. All of these choices are correct. 20. ______________ are inactive forms of digestive enzymes. A. Cofactors B. Coenzymes C. Zymogens D. Both cofactors and zymogens are correct. 21. Energy transformations result in a(n) ______________ in entropy. A. increase B. decrease C. no change 22. The level of protein structure primarily involved in determining enzyme activity is the A. primary structure. B. secondary structure. C. tertiary structure. D. quaternary structure. 23. An enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the body at 50?C will proceed at a faster rate than at 37?C. True False 24. Pancreatic amylase catalyzes the breakdown of oligosaccarides to disaccharides with the addition of water. What classification of enzymes would amylase be in? A. dehydrogenase B. isomerase C. synthase D. hydrolase 25. The conversion of glucose to galactose is catalyzed by an isomerase. True False