GEL 111- CHAPTER 14 – Shorelines and Beach Processes

GEL 111- CHAPTER 14 – Shorelines and Beach Processes

Question
GEL 111- CHAPTER 14 – Shorelines and Beach Processes

OBJECTIVES & QUESTIONS

Objective Questions:

The following are some questions/objectives you should be asking yourself as you read through the chapter. You do not have to submit these questions for credit:

What processes affect shorelines?

What causes tides?

How many high and low tides are there in one day?

What is the difference between spring and neap tides?

Define wave height, wave length, wave period.

What is the difference between the two different types of waves.

How is water and sediment transportation associated with each of the following: wave refraction, beach drift, and longshore drift.

Know the different shoreline erosional landforms and depositional landforms

What is the difference between a jetty, groin, breakwater, and seawall? How does each alter/impact the beaches?

What are some hazards along shorelines?

What happens to the sand on the beach as a result of a storm?

What are some examples of soft stabilization? What is the purpose of beach nourishment? What are the pros and cons?

What are the differences between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts?

How are emergent and submergent coasts formed? How does changes in sea level influence a coastline?

Your Assignment:

Read the Chapter: You are required to read this chapter in its entirety, excluding pages 402-421. We will just be covering the shoreline and sea level portions of this chapter, not the glaciers.
Review the powerpoints: Make sure to review the powerpoints for this chapter as well. The slides represent the most important concepts of the chapter and the ones that I will focus on for the test.
Watch the animations and “Beaches are Moving” video.
Homework/quiz: Complete the Ch. 14 Shorelines and Beach Processes homework/questions
Submit the Ch. 14 quiz when you have completed the Objective and Questions homework document and you are ready to submit your answers for a grade, complete the quiz for Ch. 14.
Complete the Chapter 14 Quiz online to receive credit for this assignment.

GEL 111- CHAPTER 14 – Shorelines and Beach Processes

When the sun and moon are aligned so their gravitational forces are added together, this effect causes _____________________________ tides.
spring
neap
full
annual
The vertical distance between a wave crest and trough is called the _________________________________.
wave length
wave height
wave period
wave frequency
Waves in deep water move water particles in a circular path and are called ____________________ waves.
translation
ocsillation
The _______________________ zone contains turbulent water from breaking waves.
breaker
wave
surf
crashing
As a wave enters shallow water the waves will begin to bend and flow parallel to the shore. The bending of a wave is called wave ________________________.
wave bending
wave reflection
wave refraction
none of the above
Currents that move sediment roughly parallel to the shoreline are called ___________________________________________.
longshore current
beach drift
parallel flow
none of the above
When sea arches collapse, they can leave behind a knob of rock called a _________________________________.
sea stack
sea arch
sea cave
headland
A _________________________________ forms when a sandbar completely seals a bay off from the open ocean.
spit
baymouth bar
closer bar
none of the above
In what direction does a spit typically grow with time?
a. toward a promontory

b. in the same direction as a longshore current

c. in the direction from which waves are approaching the coast

d. toward a wave-cut platform

A wall built perpendicular to shore for the purpose of trapping sand is called a _______________.
jetty
groin
breakwater
seawall
Walls built perpendicular to the beach in pairs at the entrances to inlets and extending slightly out into the ocean to keep the inlet open are called ___________________________.
jetty
groin
breakwater
seawall
A wall built parallel to the beach, on the beach to prevent waves from eroding the shore areas behind it is called _________________.
jetty
groin
breakwater
seawall
A wall built parallel to the beach within the open water to create a quiet harbor behind the wall is called a ________________________.
jetty
groin
breakwater
seawall
The process of _______________________________________ adds sand to beaches, but may not last long and is very expensive.
a. Hard stabilization

b. Beach removal

c. Beach nourishment

d. Groin construction

e. None of the above

Which of the following does NOT affect the potential hazards of a shoreline?
a. elevation of the land surface near the shore

b. the source of beach sand

c. width of a beach

d. the presence of offshore islands and sand bars

A _______________________ is a local rise in the level of the sea during a hurricane or other storm.
tide
global sea level rise
storm surge
none of the above
Which of the following most likely indicates a submergent coastline?
a. offshore sand bars that have become coastal dunes

b. the presence of coral reefs on land

c. wave-cut notches and platforms that are above sea level

d. an irregular coastline with branching estuaries and embayments

_____________________________ coastlines occur when there is relative drop in sea level or uplift of land.
a. Submergent

b. Emergent

Which of the following would cause sea level to rise?
a decrease in the amount of glaciers on land
faster rates of seafloor spreading
a rise in the temperature of the oceans
all of the choices
How much has sea level risen in the past?
more than 120 meters
more than 200 meters
more than 2,000 meters
less than 120 meters