Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance: Acid-Base Homeostasis
Fluid, Electrolyte and AcidÂBase Balance: AcidÂBase Homeostasis 1. List the three important buffer systems in the body: a. b. c. 2. Write the equation showing the relationship of CO2 and H2O levels with bicarbonate and hydrogen ion levels: CO2 + H2O ? ___________ ? ___________ 3. A decrease in respiration will result in _____ CO2 and will shift the equation to the _______, resulting in an increase in _____ ions, making the plasma more _______. 4. When body pH is decreased, what are the three compensatory renal mechanisms to restore pH? a. b. c. 5. a. Normal arterial pH is ___________ to ___________. b. What is the pH in alkalosis? ________________ c. What is the pH in acidosis? ________________ 6. With ketoacidosis, show what happens to the following: a. ______ Plasma pH b. ______ (Left or right) shift of the carbonic acid/bicarbonate system c. ______ Bicarbonate levels d. ______ Respiratory rate e. ______ Renal excretion of H+ 7. With metabolic alkalosis, show what happens to the following: a. ______ Plasma pH b. ______ (Left or right) shift c. ______ Bicarbonate levels d. ______ Respiratory rate e. ______ Renal excretion of bicarbonate 8. With respiratory acidosis, show what happens to the following: a. ______ Plasma pH b. ______ (Left or right) shift c. ______ Respiratory rate d. ______ Renal excretion of bicarbonate e. ______ Renal excretion of H+ 9. With respiratory alkalosis, show what happens to the following: a. ______ Plasma pH b. ______ (Left or right) shift c. ______ Respiratory rate d. ______ Renal excretion of bicarbonate e. ______ Renal excretion of H+