Subject: Chemistry / General Chemistry
Question
Review Questions:
Matching: Select the term that best matches the phrase.
A. colligative properties
B. colloid
C. dissociation
D. hydrated
E. ionic
F. ionization
G. nonpolar
H. polar
I. saturated
J. solute
K. solution
L. solvent
M. supersaturated
N. suspension
O. Tyndall Effect
P. unsaturated
1. The separation of an ionic crystal into its free-moving ions. ____
2. An ion that has united with one or more molecules of water is said to be ____.
3. When an equilibrium exists between the dissolved solute and the undissolved solute, the solution is ____.
4. Carbon tetrachloride, CCl4, does not dissolve in a polar solvent like water because CCl4 molecules are ____.
5. When the rate of dissolving is greater than the rate of crystallizing, the solution is ____.
6. Occurs when molecules are changed into free-moving ions. ____
7. Pass through filter paper unchanged, do not affect light, and do not settle upon standing. ____
8. If excess solute crystals are produced when one crystal of solute is added to a solution, then the solution is ____.
9. The lowering of the vapor pressure, increasing boiling point, lowering freezing point, and raising osmotic pressure due to dissolved particles. ____
10. The part of the solution usually present in the greater quantity is the ____.
11. The visible beam of light caused by the scattering of light by colloidal particles. ____
12. A cloud is this type of mixture. ____
Multiple-Choice:
13. As a solid dissolves in a liquid, what happens to the organization of the solid?
A. increases
B. decreases
C. remains the same
14. As more solvent is added to the solution, the concentration of the solution
A. increases.
B. decreases.
C. remains the same.
15. When pressure is increased, the solubility of a solid
A. increases.
B. decreases.
C. remains the same.
16. The more polar a compound is, then the likelihood that the compound will dissolve in water
A. increases.
B. decreases.
C. remains the same.
17. When more solute is added to a saturated solution, the concentration of the solution
A. increases.
B. decreases.
C. remains the same.
18. All solutions
A. contain water.
B. are liquids.
C. contain dissolved solids.
D. are homogeneous mixtures.
19. Alcohol is very soluble in water because both compounds
A. are liquids.
B. are nonpolar.
C. are ionic.
D. possess molecules that can link by hydrogen bonds.
20. Most solids are more soluble in hot water than in cold water because
A. water molecules decompose in hot water.
B. breaking the crystal structure during dissolving is an endothermic process.
C. the increased vapor pressure of the hot water aids dissolving.
D. the rate of crystallization increases in hot water.
21. The solubility of gases in water
A. increases with increased temperature and increased pressure.
B. increases with increased temperature and decreased pressure.
C. decreases with increased temperature and increased pressure.
D. decreases with increased temperature and decreased pressure.
22. A saturated solution
A. is concentrated.
B. represents an equilibrium system.
C. cannot dissolve more solvent.
D. is not affected by temperature change.
23. Barium ions form an insoluble compound with
A. hydroxide.
B. chloride.
C. sulfate.
D. sulfide.
24. As water is added to a saturated solution of potassium chloride, the total number of dissolved potassium ions in the solution (assuming there is no solid on the bottom)
A. increases.
B. decreases.
C. remains the same.
25. Which of the following is an electrolyte?
A. C2H5OH
B. CCl4
C. Cl2
D. LiCH3COO
26. As more ions are added to a saturated solution, the conductivity of the solution
A. increases.
B. decreases.
C. remains the same.
27. The extent of ionization of water
A. is slight.
B. is zero.
C. is great.
D. depends on the amount of solute.
28. In order to conduct an electric current, a solution must contain
A. ions.
B. atoms.
C. molecules.
D. electrons.
29. Solutions of strong electrolytes are predominantly
A. atomic.
B. molecular.
C. ionic.
D. network covalent.
Base your answers to questions 30 through 33 on the answers below.
A. soluble in water
B. ionic, but low solubility in water
C. soluble in cyclohexane (a nonpolar solvent)
D. soluble in water and cyclohexane
30. BaSO4
31. CCl4
32. CH3NH2
33. NaOH
Problems/Short Answer:
34. What is the molar concentration of a potassium permanganate solution if 0.500 mol is dissolved to make 200 mL of solution?
35. How many moles of sodium carbonate are in 625 mL of a 0.150 mol/L solution?
36. What volume of a 2.50 mol/L solution of potassium bromide contains 5.5 mol of KBr?
37. 8.1 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid (17.6 mol/L) is diluted to 500 mL. What is the molar concentration of the diluted solution?
38. What is the molar concentration of 250.0 mL of solution that contains 0.0250 g of CaSO4?
39. What volume of 0.100 mol/L sodium chromate can be prepared from 2.00 g of solute?
40. Describe how to prepare 500.0 mL of a 0.200 mol/L solution of CoCl2. Include all appropriate calculations.
41. Describe how to prepare 250.0 mL of a 8.00 mol/L solution of nitric acid from a concentrated (15.4 mol/L) solution of HNO3. Include all appropriate calculations.
42. Write the dissociation equation for cerium sulfate.
43. What is the molar solubility of 800.0 mL of a saturated solution that contains 704 g of NaNO3?
44. Explain why granulated sugar dissolves faster than a cube of sugar.
