Law question data bank Law question data bank Question 1. Agency records, secondary data and content analysis do not require direct interaction with research subjects. 2. By its very nature, secondary analysis is always unobtrusive. 3. It is relatively easy and common to have agencies modify their data collection forms in order to get information needed for a specific research project being conducted from someone outside the agency. 4. When using agency records, it is possible to move from individual to aggregate units of analysis, but not the other way around. 5. Understanding the details of how agency records are produced is one of the accepted means of controlling reliability and validity problems. 6. Being able to link an individual to the agency data collected about him/her is a clear violation of reliability and validity. 7. Since criminal justice record keeping is a social process reflecting the decisions made by criminal justice personnel, a researcher must be careful of the impact this may have on the validity and reliability of the data. 8. Content analysis involves the systematic study of agency records. 9. Data collected by other researchers is often used to address new research questions. 10. Of all research purposes, evaluation is most effective when secondary data is used / MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following would be an example of agency records that would be appropriate as a source of data for research? a. Federal Bureau of Prison inmate records b. medical records c. juvenile court records d. defense attorney records / 2. Social artifacts such as written documents or articles from newspapers would be best understood using which of the following? a. content analysis b. secondary analysis c. agency records d. none of the above / 3. Agency records and statistics published by agencies or governmental entities are most commonly used for which type of studies? a. explanatory b. descriptive c. evaluations d. understanding the criminal justice system / 4. Topics that lend themselves to the use of content analysis tend to focus upon the links between communication and: a. criminal justice policy b. the actual crime rates c. the media’s understanding of criminal court convictions d. understanding why people commit crime / 5. All of the following are examples of information collected by or for public agencies except for: a. published statistics such as National Crime Victimization Survey b. research produced by faculty at private colleges and universities c. nonpublic agency records such as internal police data identifying where most crime happens in their jurisdiction d. new data collected by agency staff that is “hybrid” in nature / 6. Which of the following would not be an example of the data coming from the Census Bureau that have criminal justice applications? a. Census of Children in Custody b. National Crime Victimization Survey c. Survey of Inmates in Local Jails d. Uniform Crime Report / 7. The Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics is the most comprehensive Bureau of Justice Statistics publication. It includes a multitude of data including all of the following except: a. characteristics of criminal justice agencies b. public opinion answers coming from the Gallup Poll c. complete crime data from all local police departments d. specific data on states using capital punishment and their execution statistics / 8. Which type of the listed studies are highly aggregated summary data from published statistical series not typically used? a. descriptive b. explanatory c. applied d. exploratory / 9. Electronic formats of published statistics enjoy which of the following as an advantage over written records? a. the data can be read directly into statistical and or graphics computer programs for analysis b. much of the electronic data is inappropriate for spreadsheet software c. most do not contain the original data while printed reports contain aggregate information d. most will be considered confidential, thus not available to the researcher / 10. Which of the following is not an example of nonpublic agency records? a. the FBI’s publication of the Uniform Crime Reports b. information from a local police department concerning the number of crimes that happened within the past month c. a prison’s collection of files dealing with inmates currently in their custody d. a county courthouse’s records on defendants tried within the last six months /
general business data bank general business data bank Question 55. ____ plays a key role in creating an organizational climate that enables learning and innovative responses to threats from the external environment, challenging new opportunities, or organizational crises. a. Mission statement b. Vision statement c. Competitive intelligence d. Employee training e. Corporate culture ANS: 56. What is likely to happen to organizations that pay little attention to either cultural values or business results? a. Unlikely to survive for long b. No help for performance during hard times c. Profitable in short run but difficult to sustain over long term d. High performance e. none of these ANS: 57. What is likely to happen to organizations that pay little attention to cultural values and instead stress business results? a. Unlikely to survive for long b. No help for performance during hard times c. Profitable in short run but difficult to sustain over long term d. High performance e. none of these ANS: 58. A high-performance culture is based on all of the following EXCEPT a. solid organizational mission b. shared adaptive values c. individual employee ownership of bottom-line results d. individual employee ownership of organization's cultural backbone e. singular focus on business results ANS: 59. In a study by Kotter and Heskett evidence is provided to support the claim that ____ is important for performance. a. managing cultural values b. leading partnerships within an industry c. surveying the external environment d. managing client relationships as boundary spanners e. empowering employees ANS: 60. Blockbuster’s weakened performance in recent years stems from which of the following? a. Weak internal culture b. Inability to respond to the changing environment c. Inability to become environmentally sustainable d. Growth in competition from oversees e. Weak supply chain management ANS: 61. Executives at One World Advertising have learned that it is necessary to establish strong personal relationships and emotional bonds with Chinese business partners. This relates most closely to which dimension of the general business environment? a. Natural b. Sociocultural c. Legal/Political d. International e. Internal ANS: 62. Stan is the owner of a small marketing firm. He designs ad campaigns that specifically target demographic groups within U.S. markets. Which demographic category currently has the largest market size? a. Baby boomers b. Generation X c. Generation Y d. Tweeners e. In-betweeners ANS: 63. Animal-One is a campaign organization that drums up public awareness about the use of animals in cosmetic testing. The group condemns traditional cosmetic companies while promoting smaller, all-natural companies that do not test on animals. Animal-One can best be described as a(n): a. Whistle-blower b. Government organization c. Pressure group d. Sustainable organization e. Small business ANS: 64. In response to pressure from environmental advocates, organizations have become increasingly sensitive to diminishing: a. Natural resources b. Economic resources c. Financial resources d. Human resources e. Technology resources ANS: 65. SweetTooth Candies is a U.S.-based company that manufactures and distributes candy bars and snack foods globally. The company sources most of its cocoa and sugar from South American companies. This business relationship highlights which dimension of the task environment? a. Customers b. Competitors c. Labor market d. Culture e. Suppliers ANS: 66. _________ means that managers do not have sufficient information about environmental factors to understand and predict environmental needs and changes. a. Adaptation b. Risk c. Uncertainty d. Knowledge e. Education ANS: 67. Jefferson and Squire is an advertising firm that is viewed as having a fast-paced and posh corporate culture. The company uses bold coloring with expensive accents in all office décor. This exemplifies which level of corporate culture? a. Visible artifacts b. Underlying assumptions c. Expressed values d. Heroes e. Ceremonies ANS: 68. Roadtec Tire Company has a corporate culture that emphasizes an internal focus on the involvement and participation of employees, placing high value on meeting the needs of employees. The company is known for its caring, family-like atmosphere. Which type of corporate culture does Roadtec possess? a. Adaptability culture b. Achievement culture c. Consistency culture d. Involvement culture e. Matrix culture ANS: 69. Research indicates that the one factor that increases a company’s value the most is: a. Investment in research and development b. People and how they are treated c. Technology investment d. A centralized organizational structure e. Attention to values ANS: 70. Terry manages a food distribution company that is highly focused on creating a strong cohesive culture, but the company does not tie organizational values directly to goals and desired business results. Terry’s company most likely falls in which quadrant of organizational performance and culture? a. Quadrant A b. Quadrant B c. Quadrant C d. Quadrant D e. Quadrant E ANS: 71. James, a casino manager, defines and uses signals and symbols to influence corporate culture by communicating central values to employees. As such, James can be described as what type of leader? a. Egalitarian leader b. Totalitarian leader c. Cultural leader d. Servant leader e. Transitional leader ANS:
Early Civilizations Matrix Early Civilizations Matrix Question Early Civilizations Matrix Using your readings and outside sources complete the following matrix. Be sure to address the following in your matrix: • Provide names, titles, dates, brief descriptions of important events, and other details as necessary. • Note the details of key political, socioeconomic, technological, artistic, musical, architectural, philosophical, and literary developments for each civilization listed in the table, which were evidenced in the humanities. Be sure to properly cite the sources that you use in completing this matrix. Civilization Politics Society/ Economics Technology Art Music Architecture Philosophy Literature Prehistoric Mesopotamian Ancient Egyptian Archaic Greek Aegean Classical Greek Hellenistic Roman Judaic Early Christian Byzantium Islamic
uop OI/361 week 4 assignment uop OI/361 week 4 assignment Question Week Four: Tools and Techniques for Innovation and Creativity Details Due Points Objectives 1 1.1 Explain the tools and techniques used in new product development processes. 1.2 Identify the four basic phases of the Phased Project Planning process. 1.3 Explain how to evaluate the results of a creative/innovative process for continuous improvement. 11/7 Reading Read Ch. 3 of Managing Innovation, Design and Creativity. 11/7 Reading Read Ch. 25 of Managing Innovation, Design and Creativity. 11/7 Participation Participate in class discussion. 11/7 3 Individual Mental Model/Mindsets Paper Assume you work in Human Resources as a part of the management team for AAA Transportation in Waukegan, WI, which has recently been acquired. AAA Transportation is an interstate trucking company that specializes in transporting wholesale produce in refrigerated trailers throughout the Midwest. The new owners want to make some sweeping changes in the services offered. One of the things that they would like to do is add delivery of nonperishable products,such as canned foods, to their delivery routes, allowing AAA to expand the area they cover and to provide expanded service to their existing customers. Theythinkthat, because many of the routes donot require a full load on the trucks, there is room to add the nonperishable goods and provide delivery at a lower rate than the customers are now paying. Two of your coworkers, Vernon and Bud, are resistant to the changes proposed by the new owners. Vernon supervises the company’s drivers and Bud works in the corporate offices. Vernon doesnot think that it is a good idea to expand out of their core business, while Bud thinks that AAA isnot strong enough to compete with existing companies that service the nonperishable foods market (several of whom AAA has had a long history of mutually respecting each others’ customers and routes); they risk alienating long-term customers; and transporting nonperishable goods in refrigerated trailers is inefficient. Both employees have been with the company for more than 20 years and havemuch influence among the rest of the employees. Management does not want to terminate such long-term and influential employees but need for Vernon and Bud to join the effort to make the company successful. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper in which you define and discuss mental model/mindsets and their impact on you and your two coworkers. Identify the four steps to changing mental models/mind sets and how you could use them to bring Vernon and Bud onto the team. Identify the five forces that influence those mental model/mindsets of your coworkers and discuss how those forces might affect your coworkers’ mindsets. Include examples of what mental models/mindsets are possibly affecting Vernon and Bud’s decision-making processes and affecting their relationship with the company. Analyze your most commonly used mental models/mindsets that guide your decision making in the workplace. How do these models influence your decision making? Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. 11/7 20 Learning Team Assignment Creative Intelligence and Leadership Use the sameVirtualOrganization your team selected in the previous weeks’ assignments. Assume the role of the management team for thatVirtualOrganization. Write, individually, a 350- to 700-word response to the following question: · Based on your individual Creative Intelligence Profiles, how might each member affect innovation within the organization? Compare your responses with those of your team members and describe whether or not you agree with their responses. Explain whyor why not. Format your response consistent with APA guidelines. 11/7 10
finance finance!! finance finance!! Question 1.Describe how risk is measured in a given portfolio. When is a portfolio efficient? When is the portfolio inefficient?1.There are many ways to state stock returns.Discuss the differences between the P/E model and the Dividend-Growth Valuation Model.2.. What is meant by the terms “expected” and realized returns? Give clear examples.1.Describe the majorhuman traits that tend to affect investment decisions. Draw your information from the textbook and the inputs by others in this discussion during the week.2.. What is the purpose of technical analysis and could it help the investment decision-making process? Why?3. Explain the term moving average, and in what ways does this metric helps the decision-making process as compared to comparable metrics?1.A call penalty protects whom from what? Why may firms choose to retire debt prior to maturity? Would you expect a callable bond to have a higher or lower coupon rate of interest than a noncallable bond?2.Discuss the question of liquidation priories in the event of insolvency as per the textbook for this course.1.Since fixed-income securities suchcorporate bondshave varying patterns of cash flows and expiration dates, what techniques can we use for identifying price volatility? Define and explain the techniques including related concepts that you would be using in your inputs. Giving examples, as usual, would help to get your perspective across with greater clarity.
STR 581- Final Exam Part 3 – 29/30 Correct – A+ solution STR 581- Final Exam Part 3 – 29/30 Correct – A+ solution Question 1. A company can learn a great deal by analyzing the degrees of brand loyalty. For example, ________ can show the firm which brands are most competitive with its own. split loyals shifting loyals hard-core loyals switchers 2. Leaders galvanize commitment to embrace change through clarifying strategic intent, building an organization, and developing a mission planning strategy shaping organizational culture developing a vision 3. These social responsibilities are those that are voluntarily assumed by a business or organization. They include public relations activities, good citizenship, and full corporate social responsibility. Legal responsibility Discretionary responsibility Economic responsibility Employee responsibility 4. One of the ways to change the course of a brand is to modify the product. Under product modification, ________ adds size, weight, materials, supplements, and accessories that expand the product’s performance, versatility, safety, or convenience. style improvement technological improvement quality improvement feature improvement 5. A valuable result of task environment analysis with respect to geographic, demographic, psychographic and buyer-behavior factors is called competitor profile customer profile financial position vendor profile 6. New-to-the-world products are ________. new products that create an entirely new market existing products that are targeted to new geographical markets low-cost products designed to obtain an edge in highly competitive markets new product enhancements that supplement established products 7. Under which of the following conditions is the frequency the most important factor in media selection? When going into undefined target markets When introducing flanker brands When launching infrequently purchased brands When there is high consumer resistance to the product 8. The strategic factor that involves the beliefs, values, attitudes, opinions, and lifestyles of persons in the firm’s external environment, as developed from cultural, ecological, demographic, religious, educational, and ethnic conditioning. Social factor Political factor Stakeholder factor Economic factor 9. The ability to meet humanity’s needs without harming future generations is now a top priority in most corporate agenda rules righteousness ethics sustainability 10. Prestige LLC, a small company that manufactures specialty cereals and energy bars, wants to launch a "green marketing" program in response to heightened consumer awareness about environmental issues. What should the company do to maximize the program's chances of being successful? Focus on the efforts and costs incurred by the company to bring these "green" products to consumers. Demonstrate that the products will benefit both customers and the society in the long-term. Emphasize benefits to the consumer rather than environmental benefits. Explain the rules and regulations laid out by governmental agencies to protect the environment. 11. The marketing manager needs to know the cost of the research project before approving it. During which stage of the marketing research process would such a consideration most likely take place? Step 4 – analyzing the information Step 2 – developing the research plan Step 1 – defining the problem Step 5 – drafting the report 12. A set of ideas on organizational control based on the belief that the separation of the ownership from management creates the potential for the wishes of owners to be ignored refers to the moral hazard problem Adam’s theory agency theory ethical responsibilities 13. This is an important structural decision and resultant separate activities need to be coordinated and integrated back together as a whole so the business functions effectively. Differentiation Preferencing Diversification Broadening 14. Large-scale, future-oriented plans for interacting with the competitive environment to achieve the company objective refers to its goals competitive analysis dynamic policies strategy 15. What is the perceived monetary value of the bundle of economic, functional, and psychological benefits customers expect from a given market offering because of the product, service, people, and image? Ultimate service benefit Complete marketing benefit Total management benefit Total customer benefit 16. What type of strategy consists of geographical pricing, price discounts and allowances, promotional pricing, and differentiated pricing? Altered pricing Price adaptation Regular prices Fixed pricing 17. When performing this analysis, it is good for strategic planners to consider similarities between the benefits the customers derive from the products and services that other firms offer. Customer analysis Company analysis Business analysis Competitive analysis 18. This is a historically popular technique through which managers create a quick overview of a company's strategic situation—it is based on achieving a sound fit between internal resources and the external situation. SWOT analysis Value chain analysis External analysis Internal analysis 19. Which component of a marketing audit includes major developments in income, prices, savings, and credit that affect the company? Economic Cultural Technological Political 20. When diversification involves additions of a business related to the firm in terms of technology, markets or products, it involves horizontal integration concentric diversification vertical diversification concentrated growth 21. How do functional tactics compare to business strategies? Functional tactics are more specific than business strategies. Functional tactics are more focused on the general direction of the firm than business strategies. Functional tactics are more focused on a commitment to corporate strategy than business strategies. Functional tactics are more long-term than business strategies. 22. Firms using this generic strategy attempt to build customer loyalty by stressing a specific product attribute above other product qualities. Differentiation Concentrated growth Cost leadership Focus 23. A company that attempts to lead its industry in price and convenience by pursuing a focus on lean and efficient operations is pursuing what strategy? Customer intimacy Product leadership Operational excellence Low-cost leadership 24. A firm must know where to position its product based on price and region quality communication promotional efforts 25. Marketers need to identify the hierarchy of attributes that guide consumer decision making in order to understand different competitive forces and how these various sets get formed. This process of identifying the hierarchy is called ________. brand association market estimation market valuation market partitioning 26. Company X's principal strength is its inbound and outbound logistics system; its relative weakness, however, is after-sales service. Its competitor, Company Y, however is often plagued with lagging shipments and an inflexible distribution setup. Company Y remains successful because it maintains a fully staffed service department and, as a result, the company is known for its dependable service. This type of analysis allows them to identify ways to build on relative strengths and avoid dependence on capabilities at which the other firm excels. Past performance comparison Benchmarking Industry comparison Disaggregating 27. Which control should periodically reassess its approach to the marketplace with a good marketing audit? Marketing control Strategic control Ethical control Performance control 28. This is designed to check systematically and continuously whether the premises on which the strategy is based are still valid Strategic surveillance Implementation control Special alert control Premise control 29. With ________ as a target market strategy, the firm concentrates on serving many needs of a particular customer group. selective specialization market specialization single-segment concentration product specialization 30. BMW's "The ultimate driving machine," American Express' "Don't leave home without it," New York Times' "All the news that's fit to print," and AT&T's "Reach out and touch someone" are all examples of ________. brand vision brand slogan brand mission brand personality
post university BUS 311 managerial comm mid term post university BUS 311 managerial comm mid term Question · Question 1 4 out of 4 points Ethics can be defined as not doing anything illegal. · Question 2 4 out of 4 points As long as your message is clear, the size of your audience should not affect your approach. · Question 3 0 out of 4 points Adopting a "you" attitude in business writing is simply a matter of using the pronoun "you" as much as possible. · Question 4 4 out of 4 points When you are criticizing or correcting, it is best to _________ · Question 5 4 out of 4 points In general, user-generated content sites have yielded disappointing results for companies that have used them for business purposes. · Question 6 4 out of 4 points Using white space in a document ________ D. provides visual contrast and important resting points for your readers. D. provides visual contrast and important resting points for your readers. · Question 7 4 out of 4 points "All the characteristics and experiences that define each of us as individuals" is the definition of ________ · Question 8 4 out of 4 points Most people belong to ______ · Question 9 4 out of 4 points In terms of social networking, UGCstands for ________ · Question 10 4 out of 4 points Unlike style sheets and templates, _________ address(es) the overall look and feel of a page or screen, including color palettes and background images. · Question 11 0 out of 4 points International business communication has been hampered by tightening trade barriers throughout the world. · Question 12 0 out of 4 points For effective document design, you should _______ · Question 13 4 out of 4 points The denotative meaning of a word is its dictionary definition. · Question 14 4 out of 4 points Social media postings on sites such as Twitter and Facebook ________ · Question 15 4 out of 4 points The preferred title for women in business is __________, unless the individual requests otherwise. · Question 16 4 out of 4 points When introducing yourself to someone in a business context, you should always include a brief description of ________ · Question 17 4 out of 4 points The key to a productive meeting is careful planning that addresses _____ · Question 18 0 out of 4 points When your message is complex and includes a large amount of information, _______ · Question 19 4 out of 4 points Cultural contextrefers to the pattern of physical cues, environmental stimuli, and implicit understanding that conveys meaning between members and the same culture. · Question 20 4 out of 4 points Business communication is often more demanding than social communication because communication on the job is affected by the _____ · Question 21 4 out of 4 points "Although our servers are stable, the telephone system is a serious concern" is a _________ · Question 22 0 out of 4 points Serif typefaces are generally preferable to sans serif fonts for ______ · Question 23 4 out of 4 points Email etiquette requires that writes do all of the following except ________ · Question 24 4 out of 4 points Because many email programs display the first few words or lines of incoming messages, you should _______ · Question 25 0 out of 4 points "Insurance premiums have increased, and cost-of-living raises have not kept up" is a _______ sentence.
uop fin/200 finance week 9 assignment uop fin/200 finance week 9 assignment Question Week Nine: Review Details Due Points Objectives 1 1.1 Apply financial management concepts to applications. Capstone CheckPoint Present Value, Future Value, and Annuity Due CompleteProblems 3, 4, and 5 on pp. 278 and 279 of Foundations of Financial Management. 11/29/13 50 Final Project Final Exam Completethe Final Exam. You will have only one attempt for the Final Exam. Resultswill be auto-graded and sent to your instructor. Note.Final exam questions are adapted from Foundations of Financial Management. 12/01/13 250 Participation & Discussion Questions Participate in class discussion and respond to weekly discussion questions On-going 20
maths assignments maths assignments Question 8. Refer to Figure 3.14, which shows the computer solution of Problem 7. a. How much would the return for U.S. Oil have to increase before it would be beneficial to increase the investment in this stock? b. How much would the return for Huber steel have to decrease before it would be beneficial to reduce the investment in this tock? c. How much would the total annual return be reduced if the U.S. Oil maximum were reduced to 900 shares? Quantitative Analysis BA 452 Homework 3 Questions 9. Recall the Tom’s, Inc., problem (Chapter 2, Problem 28). Letting W=jars of western Foods Salsa M=jars of Mexico City Salsa Leads to the formulation: . . 1 + 1.25 5 + 7 ? 4480 ? 3 + 1 ? 2080 2 + 2 ? 1600 , ? 0 The computer solution is shown in Figure 3.15. a. What is the optimal solution, and what are the optimal production quantities? b. Specify the objective function ranges. c. What are the dual values for each constraint? Interpret each. d. Identify each of the right-hand-side ranges. Quantitative Analysis BA 452 Homework 3 Questions 10. Recall the Innis Investments problem (Chapter 2, Problem 39). Letting S=units purchased in the stock fund M=units purchased in the money market fund leads to the following formulation: 8 + 3 . . 50 + 100 ? 1,200,000 5 + 4 ? 60,000 ? 3,000 , ? 0 The computer solution is shown in Figure 3.16. a. What is the optimal solution, and what is the minimum total risk? b. Specify the objective coefficient ranges. c. How much annual income will be earned by the portfolio? d. What is the rate of return for the portfolio? e. What is the dual value for the funds available constraint? Quantitative Analysis BA 452 Homework 3 Questions f. What is the marginal rate of return on extra funds added to the portfolio? 11. Refer to Problem 10 and the computer solution shown in Figure 3.16. a. Suppose the risk index for the stock fund (the value of Cs) increases from its current value of 8 to 12. How does the optimal solution change, if at all? b. Suppose the risk index for the money market fund (the value of Cm) increases from its current value of 3 to 3.5. how does the optimal solution change, if at all? c. Suppose Cs increases to 12 and Cm increases to 3.5. How does the optimal solution change, if at all? 12. Quality Air conditioning manufactures three hoe air conditioners: an economy model, a standard model, and a deluxe model. The profits per unit are $63, $95, and $135, respectively. The production requirements per unit are as follows: Number of Number of Manufacturing Fans Cooling Coils Time(hours) Economy 1 1 8 Standard 1 2 12 Deluxe 1 4 14 For the coming production period, the company has 200 fan motors, 320 cooling coils, and 2400 hours of manufacturing time available. How many economy models (E), standard models (S), and deluxe models (D) should the company produce in order to maximize profit? The linear programming model for the problem is as follows: 63 + 95 + 135 . . 1 + 1 + 1 ? 200 Fan motors Cooling coils 1 + 2 + 4 ? 320 Manufacturing time 8 + 12 + 14 ? 2400 , , ? 0 The computer solution is shown in Figure 3.17. a. What is the optimal solution, and what is the value of the objective function b. Which constraints are binding? c. Which constraint shows extra capacity? How much? d. If the profit for the deluxe model were increased to $150 per unit, would the optimal solution change? Use the information in Figure 3.17 to answer this question. Quantitative Analysis BA 452 Homework 3 Questions 13. Refer to the computer solution of Problem 12 in Figure 3.17 a. Identify the range of optimality for each objective function coefficient. b. Suppose the profit for the economy model is increased by $6 per unit, the profit for the standard model is decreased by 42 per unit, and the profit for the deluxe model is increased by $4 per unit. What will the new optimal solution be? c. Identify the range of feasibility for the right-hand-side values. d. If the number of fan motor available for production is increased by 100, will the dual value for that constraint change? Explain. , Attachments (253.37 KB)
BAM 550 – Leadership Enhancing The Lessons of Experience -Unit 1-4 Exam BAM 550 – Leadership Enhancing The Lessons of Experience -Unit 1-4 Exam Question BAM 550 - Leadership Enhancing The Lessons of Experience -Unit 1-4 Exam BAM 550 Leadership: Enhancing The Lessons of Experience Sixth Edition, 2008 ISBN: 978-0-07-340504-9 Richard Hughes, Robert Ginnett, and Gordon Curphy McGraw-Hili/Irwin, New York, NY, 10020. Leadership Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet) 1. Which of the following statements is incorrect? The idea of "one-man leadership" is a contradiction in terms Leadership is a social influence process shared among all members of a group Followers are part of the leadership process Leadership is restricted to the influence exerted by someone in a particular role 2. Among the following, ideal followers are more likely to be perceived as Independent Forward-looking Inspiring Innovative 3. Which of the following statements about "common sense" is false? Effective leadership must be something more than just common sense What seems obvious after you know the results and what you would have predicted beforehand are not the same thing One of the challenges of understanding leadership is to know when common sense applies and when it does not The term "common sense" implies practical knowledge about life that most people have not yet acquired 4. Which of the following statements is false? One needs nothing more than common sense to be a good leader Leaders need to recognize that others' views are useful Leaders need to recognize when times change and a new direction is called for One of the challenges of understanding leadership is to know when common sense applies and when it does not Being a leader is either in one's genes or not. Which of the following statement is true? Innate factors more than formative experiences influence leadership Leadership is either innate or acquired, not both Typically most individuals can be categorized based on their innate qualities as leaders and non-leaders Each person can make the most of leadership opportunities he or she faces 6. Identify a myth associated with leadership development. Good leadership is knowing when common sense applies and when it does not Good leaders are born with the traits and abilities, which make them successfuI leaders You can only learn leadership by observing it Learning to be a better leader depends on the richness of one's experience and the ability and desire to learn Which of the following is not a common myth about leadership development? Good leadership is all common sense Leaders are born, not made Leadership can only be taught You can only learn leadership from experience 8. The change in organizational practices can be attributed to Appointing women to leadership positions, which is a departure from past practices The fact that womens' attitudes have become similar to those of men Womens' self-reports of traits such as assertiveness Legislation prohibiting gender-based discrimination at work A trend toward less stereotypically masculine characterizations of leadership is representative of the fact that Leadership roles have changed Women themselves have changed Organizational practices have changed Culture has changed Encouraging innovation, growth and development and redefined tasks and responsibilities best describes a Leader Manager Manager in a later stage of development Leader-manager integrated role 11. Leaders Tend to accept the definitions of situations presented to them Encourage growth and development in their followers in ways broader than mere job training Emphasize routinization and control of followers' behavior Motivate followers more with extrinsic, even contractual consequences, both positive and negative 12. Leaders Work hard for cooperation Give clear direction Give overlapping and ambiguous assignments Focus on control and results Leaders, as compared to managers, tend to assess their followers' performance Less in terms of personal criteria More in terms of specific criteria Less in terms of holistic criteria More in terms of idiosyncratic criteria Leaders redefine the parameters of tasks and responsibilities, both for individual followers and for the entire group by all the following ways except Taking a short-term perspective Actively change the situations they are in Through accentuating critical values By marshaling energy to cope with some new threat Which of the following statements concerning the manager's role in manager-follower-situation interactions is true? Managers tend to reject the definitions of situations presented to them Managers tend to assign broader rather than narrower tasks for followers to perform Managers assess their followers' performance in terms of fairly general job descri ptions Managers make sure followers conform to policies or procedures The most commonly cited developmental challenge mentioned by managers, which while adding to personal pressure, also contributed to professional growth are Travel requirements The responsibility of meeting deadlines Tasks with the possibility of success and failure Putting in longer hours at work Successful executives mention all of the following as negative feelings while describing how they feel while working through potent developmental experiences except feel ing: Uncertain Overwhelmed Fearful Challenged In the process of "learning to learn from experience", people operating in the stabilizing period must Overcome the caution generated by ongoi ng success Overcome the tension of challenging what they do not know how to do Attempt at learning a new set of responses and strategies Let go of short-term expectations in favor of more long-term learning 19. The content of leadership programs at the university-level Gives subordinates feedback about their progress Provides a survey of the major leadership findings Focuses on strategic planning Focuses on how to train subordinates __ consist of descriptions of various leadership situations and are used as a vehicle for leadership discussions. Simulations Role playing Case studies Games 2l. What is the advantage of role playing as a leadership concept? Individualized feedback to students through leadership behavior ratings Depict the challenges commonly faced in the work environment Used as a vehicle for leadership discussions Greater transferabiIity to the workplace Improving interpersonal, oral-communication and written-communication skills are a part of leadership training programs for Mid-level managers First-level supervisors Colleges or universities Maintenance personnel This technique wherein participants are given a limited amount of time prioritize and respond to a number of notes, is particularly useful in assessing and improving a manager's planning and time management skills. Simulations Role playing In-basket exercises Case studies In leaderless group discussions, facilitators and observers rate participants, which are used to provide managers with feedback about their Supervisory skills Interpersonal skills Planning skills Time management skills These represent the most sophisticated and expensive method for assessing leadership potential. Internet measures Structured interviews Paper-and-pencil measures Assessment centers 26. What is the purpose of modern-day assessment centers? To select officers for the military To assess, identify and develop leadership potential To select civil servants for the government To select special agents and spies What is the first step in improving the bench strength of the leaders within an organization? To promote the right people To cultivate employee loyalty To be up-to-date with the latest developments in technology To evaluate and reward its leaders 28. How can one differentiate between successful and unsuccessful leaders? By the attributes of their followers By the attributes they possess By the productivity of their followers By the behaviors they exhibit What is a disadvantage of judging the effectiveness of a leader based on the subordinates' ratings? Results are due to factors beyond leaders' control There may be no links between ratings and unit performance Raters' unwillingness to provide tough feedback Raters are unaware of true performance What is the advantage of judging the effectiveness of a leader based on superiors' ratings? Multiple raters Subject of leaders' behaviors Frequently used Actual results 3l. Oftentimes these individuals are given lower performance appraisal ratings because superiors do not want them to get promoted. Cheerleaders Results only managers I n name on Iy managers Competent managers This phenomenon is becoming more prevalent as organizations move toward virtual teams or increase the number of people anyone superior may supervise. Superiors may be largely unaware or unfamiliar with a target leader's performance Superiors do not take the time to provide accurate performance appraisal ratings Superiors have difficulty dealing with conflict Superiors would rather give average ratings than deal with the emotions associated with unflattering ratings An in-depth examination of a leader's behavior in a particular set of circumstances is a(n) Case study Correlational study Experiment Nomothetic study A politician's advisor explains how demographic changes in the politician's district make it important for the politician to spend relatively more time in the district seeing constituents than she has needed to in the recent past. This is an example of Ingratiation An inspirational appeal A consultation A rational persuasion When a minister makes an impassioned plea to members of his congregation about the good works which could be accomplished if a proposed addition to the church were built, he is Making a personal appeal Making an inspirational appeal Making a rational persuasion Using ingratiation 36. This occurs when agents ask targets to participate in planning an activity. Rational persuasion Ingratiation Consultation Personal appeal A salesperson's good-natured or flattering banter with you before you make a decision about purchasing a product exemplifies Rational persuasion Consultation Personal appeal Ingratiation Coalition tactics Are used when agents seek the aid of others to influence the target Occur when agents ask targets to participate in planning an activity Occur when the agent attempts to get you in a good mood before making a request Are used when agents ask another to do a favor out of friendship__ occur when agents make requests based on their position or authority. Pressure tactics Legitimizing tactics Exchanges Coalition tactics A judge who gives a convicted prisoner a suspended sentence but tells him to consider the suspension a "sword hanging over your head" if he breaks the law again is using Legitimizing tactics Coalition tactics Pressure tactics Rational persuasion Leaders who have only coercive or legitimate power may be able to use only __ to influence followers. Coalition tactics Inspirational appeals Consultations Ingratiation 42. People typically use legitimizing or pressure tactics when They are at a disadvantage An influencer has the upper hand They expect resistance Parties are relatively equal in power One of the predictions for what the __ generation might look like as its members move through their 20s is that they will develop community norms based on rules, standards and personal responsibility. Boomer Xer Nexter Veteran 44. Moral reasoning refers to The process leaders use to make decisions about values and ethics The espoused values of individuals The morality of individuals per se The process leaders use to make decisions about ethical and unethical behaviors In the pre-conventional level of moral development, the criteria for moral behavior Are based pri mari Iy on self -i nterest Are based primarily on gaining others' approval Are based on universal, abstract principles Are based primarily on behaving conventionally 46. What do leaders with strong recognition values value the most? Achievement Fame Meeting new people Moral rules Leaders with strong __ values enjoy competition, being seen as influential and drive hard to make an impact. Recognition Altruistic Power Hedonism Film directors, musical conductors or marketing leaders are examples of leaders with strong Affiliation values Power values Security values Aesthetics values Leaders with these values are motivated by pleasure, variety and excitement and can often be found in the entertainment, hospitality, recreation, sports, sales or travel industries. Tradition Hedonism Altruistic Affiliation This is not an organizational level of leadership in the principle-centered leadership approach. Managerial Personal Cultural Interpersonal 5l. Leaders and followers who possess higher levels of this type of intelligence tend to be quick learners and have the ability to make accurate deductions, assumptions and inferences with relatively unfamiliar information. Analytic i ntell igence Practical intelligence Creative i ntell igence Social intelligence Students in a school for the mentally challenged did very poorly on standardized tests yet consistently found ways to defeat the school's elaborate security system. In this situation the students possessed a relatively high level of Social intelligence Analytic intelligence Practical intelligence Creative i ntell igence A leader who has a lot of knowledge and experience in leading a pharmaceutical research team may feel like a duck out of water when asked to lead a major fund-raising effort for a charitable institution. This example illustrates that practical intelligence Is concerned with knowledge and experience Is domain specific Is the ability to learn Is the ability to produce work that is novel The ability to produce work that is both novel and useful is called Practical intelligence Social intelligence Analytic intelligence Creative intelligence 55. Most intelligence and aptitude tests are good examples of Systems thinki ng Convergent thinking Picture thinking Divergent thinking What is traditionally viewed as creativity and are skills that help people recognize novel patterns or connections? Practical intelligence Analytic intelligence Synthetic abiIity Intrinsic motivation What term relates to a component of creative intelligence that deals with people either preferring to modify what already exists or completely starting over with new solutions? Thinking style Environmental factors Personality factors Analytic intelligence Lower prudence, higher openness to experience and higher surgency scores are related to I ntri nsic motivation Personality factors Analytic intelligence Environmental factors 59. Creative people are most likely to focus on The need to meet deadlines Impressing others Making money Solving the problem at hand Which of the following statements concerning 360-degree feedback systems is false? Companies that used 360-degree feedback systems had a 10.6 per cent decrease in shareholder value Most 360-degree feedback systems are designed to make comparisons between people 360-degree feedback are data based and provide good development feedback It provides insight into self-perceptions and others' perceptions of leadership skills Which of the following statements about 360-degree feedback systems is true? 360-degree feedback results affect behavioral change per se 360-degree feedback are the only sources of "how" feedback for leadersh i p practitioners 360-degree feedback should be built around an organization's competency model It is mandatory for all leaders to receive 360-degree feedback Strategic differences with management and difficulty making strategic transitions are behaviors exhibited by derailed managers who Have shown inability to develop or adapt to new bosses Have shown inability to build and lead a team Have failed to meet business objectives Have problems with interpersonal relationships Derailed managers exhibiting the derailment pattern that has to do with an inability to build relationships with coworkers are characterized by which of the following? Failure to staff effectively Organizational isolation Lack of hard work Difficulty making strategic transitions 64. What is cited as the most common reason for CEO failure? Making poor decisions concerning which markets to pursue Problems developing a vision or strategy for the company The inability to meet earnings projections Failure to keep promises, commitments or deadlines Which of the following underlies the derailment pattern of the inability of managers to lead and build a team? The presence of dark side traits Inadequate distribution channels Poor decisions concerning which products to develop Lying about business results As a difference between male-female patterns, females were more likely to derail because of Their inflexibility Their arrogance Their abrasive interpersonal style Their inability to deal with complex organizational issues 67. The insight component of the development pipeline concerned with On-the-job experiences Providing leaders accurate feedback on their strengths Acquiring new knowledge and skills Working on development goals that matter Seventy to eighty percent of the action steps in a development plan should be Observation Past experience Job related Acquiring new knowledge Which of the following would most likely result in consistently higher effort and performance? Goals that are both specific and difficult Goals that are very difficult to achieve "Do your best" goals Having clear goals 70. Which of the following statements about goals is false? Determining just how challenging to make goals creates a dilemma for leaders Goal commitment is critical and is often as high as commitment to goals followers helped to set Followers exerted the greatest effort when goals were accompanied by feedback Easily attainable goals result in higher levels of effort and performance 71. This occurs when leaders articulate high expectations for followers. Hawthorne effect Pygmalion effect Placebo effect Hierarchy effect Leaders who have little faith in their followers' ability to accomplish a goal are rarely disappointed. This refers to Placebo effect Pygmalion effect Golem effect Hierarchy effect "Motivated performance is the result of conscious choice" is a fundamental assumption of Self-efficacy Expectancy theory Equity theory Goal setting 74. In effort-to-performance expectancy, The follower must determine whether the outcome is sufficiently positive to be worth the time and effort The follower esti mates the Ii kel i hood of receivi ng a reward, given that she achieves the desired level of performance The follower must determine the likely outcomes, assuming that the previous two conditions have been met The follower estimates the likelihood of performing the desired behavior adequately, assuming she puts forth the required effort 75. Personal inputs refer to Skills Recognition Job satisfaction Personal growth 76. Which of the following is most important in the equity theory? The evaluation of equality of inputs or equality of outcomes The absolute value of one's own outcomes considered by itself The absolute value of one's own inputs considered by itself The relationship between the two ratios 77. Which of the following statements about the equity theory is true? If the ratios are significantly different, a follower is not motivated to take change As long as there is general equality between the two ratios, there is motivation to change The perception of inequity creates a state of tension and an inherent pressure for change Exactly what the follower will be motivated to do depends on the direction of equality One's core beliefs about being able to successfully perform a given task is called A. Self-actualization B .Self-efficacy Self-esteem Self-fulfillment 79. Which of the following is an advantage of decentralized organizations? Uniform policies and procedures Minimal participation in the decision process Greater acceptance and ownership of decision outcomes Clearer coordination procedures 80. What is the disadvantage of functional organizations? Poor coord i nation across departments Duplication of resources Less in depth technical expertise Weak coord i nation across different prod uct grou pi ngs What is the advantage of a product organization design? Centralized decision making and control Efficient use of scarce resources Skill development for technical personnel It places a premium on organizational goals An organization with a stable, well-established product line and the need for close coordination between functions would be best off with which type of design? Bureaucratic Functional Matrix Product 83. What is the greatest disadvantage of the matrix design? Decreased lateral communication and coordination Inefficient utilization of human resources Employees end up working for two bosses It can create scheduling nightmares This represents the degree to which a leader's work group is affected by the activities of other subunits within the organization. Centralization Latera I interdependence Horizontal complexity Spatial complexity 85. This is the weakest element of situational favorability. Subordinate acceptance Leader-member relations Task structure Position power 86. The highest levels of situational favorability occur when Leader-member relations are good, the task is structured and position power is high There are high levels of leader-member conflict, the task is unstructured and the leader does not have the power to reward/punish subordinates Leader-member relations are good, the task is unstructured and position power is low There are high levels of leader-member conflict, the task is structured and the leader has the power to reward/punish subordinates Which leader behaviors are marked by attention to the competing demands of treating followers equally while recognizing status differentials between the leader and the followers? Achievement-oriented leadership Directive leadership Participative leadership Supportive leadership 88. Leaders exhibiting participative leadership Are very similar to the task behaviors from SLT Are very similar to the relationship behaviors in SLT Engage in the behaviors that mark consultative and group behaviors Would be seen as both demanding and supporting in interactions with their followers 89. Internal-Iocus-of-control followers Are much more satisfied with leaders who exhibit achievement-oriented behaviors than they are with leaders who are supportive Believe outcomes are a result of their own decisions Are more satisfied with directive leader behaviors than they are with participative leader behaviors Believe they are, relatively speaking, "pawns of fate" Which of the following is not a variable in the path-goal theory? Achievement Leader Behaviors Followers The Sitiuation 9l. The __ authority system is associated with leaders thought to possess, divine or superhuman qualities. Traditional Legal-rational Charismatic Personalized 92. Transactional leadership Occurs when a person possesses authority not because of tradition, but because of the laws that govern the position occupied Serves to change the status quo by appealing to followers' values and their sense of higher purpose Occurs when the traditions of society dictate who has authority and how this authority can be used Occurs when leaders and followers are in some type of exchange relationship in order to get needs met This leadership serves to change the status quo by appealing to followers' values and their sense of higher purpose. Supportive Transactional Transformational Participative 94. Which of the following statements is true? Transactional leaders are always controversial All transformational leaders are charismatic All charismatic leaders are transformational Transactional leaders are also adept at reframing issues According to the research on charismatic leadership, which of the following characteristics would fall in the leader category in the L-F-S interactional framework? Crises Feelings of empowerment Rhetorical skills Task interdependence 96. According to research, the leader's vision is Consistent with current realities Usually presented in written form so subordinates can study it Often depressing (in the short run) for the subordinates who must change their view Often a collaborative effort 97. Which of the following statements about transformational leaders is true? They are inherently future-oriented Their vision is based solely on their own values They sometimes take credit for others' accomplishments They tend to be emotionally expressive 98. Charismatic leaders Use abstract and colorless rational discourse to reframe issues Make extensive use of stories to make their points Are adept at tailoring their language to particular groups Are good in engaging groups mentally and emotionally 99. Charismatic leaders tend to be Extremely smart Data-driven Emotionally expressive Fairly introverted This takes place when followers do no more than abide by the policies and procedures surrounding change requests. Cooperation Compliance Commitment Malicious compliance