The major function of an oligodendrocyte
1. The major function of the premotor cortex is ……………… of movements
2. The major function of the primary motor cortex is ………………. of movements.
3. The major function of an oligodendrocyte is …………………………………
4. Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord through the …………………… root.
5. Motor neurons exit the spinal cord through the ………………………. root.
Mortality and Risk Adjustment Please respond to the following:
1. Epidemiologists measure and compare mortality across time, place, and population. Give your opinion on which is the most difficult to measure. Explain your rationale.
2. Compare and contrast the three dimensions that epidemiologists use to describe important patterns, and make substantial inferences that are based on individual and population risk factors, disease, and longevity assessments. Provide specific examples to support your response.
Discuss principles that characterize a empowerment approach
Review the 12 principles presented by Hardina et al. in the section titled “Humans Service Organizations and Empowerment” in Ch. 4 of Management of Human Service Programs. Additional resources may be used.
Discuss the principles that characterize an empowerment approach to human service management.
Evaluate how you might apply these principles to the developmental processes of your own Ideal human service organization.
Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper that applies the principles presented by Hardina et al. to your ideal human service organization.
Specifically, address the following:
How clients will be included in the organizational decision-making processes
How your ideal agency will decrease a sense of powerlessness among consumers and increase access and quality of services for clientele
The measures your ideal human service agency will take to ensure that diverse cross-cultural needs are met
The following areas of diversity: socioeconomic background, culture, age, gender, sexual identity, spirituality, disability, and other unique differences
The ideological belief systems of a manager who espouses empowerment for the overall agency, staff members, and clientele
How the concepts of team building and collaboration are met within the organization
The strategies for consistent evaluation of organizational efficacy that includes strategic feedback from clients, community constituency groups, and staff members within the agency
Format your report consistent with APA guidelines.
differences between developed countries and resource poor communities i
Determine at least two key factors which underscore differences between developed countries and resource poor communities in their capacity to respond to infectious disease threats following natural disasters to humans and livestock.
Discuss components of a research study
Resource: Ch. 3 of Introduction to Health Research Methods- URL
Create a research question related to your problem statement and then conduct a Literature review.
· Conduct background reading of your topic.
· Select at least 5 research articles related to your problem statement.
Summarize in 1,050 to 1,500 words the articles that best support your research question. Be sure to:
· Discuss components of a research study
· Determine validity of study
· Discuss strengths and weaknesses
· Determine future research needs
· Cite your sources with APA format
Remember that the 5 articles should be primary research articles. Not summaries of other studies or an editorial. Research studies will discuss the problem, hypothesis, aims, introduction/background, methodology, results, and discussion/conclusion.
Describe additional strategies for assisting patients
Health Literacy
In order to effectively manage their own health, individuals need to have competencies in two areas-basic literacy and basic health literacy. What is the difference? Basic literacy refers to the ability to read, even simple language. Health literacy is defined as, “the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions” (National Coalition for Literacy, 2009). Unfortunately, according to a Department of Education report on health literacy, only 12% of adults aged 16 and older are considered to have a proficient level of health literacy (U.S. Department of Education, 2006). Acquiring health literacy skills has become more complicated with the explosion of online health information, some credible and some misleading.
In this Discussion, you focus on how to help individuals find credible information on the Internet and develop strategies nurses can use to increase the health literacy of their patients.
To prepare:
Think about the nurse’s role in improving the health literacy of patients.
Consider the many ways patients access health information, including blogs, social media, patient portals, websites, etc.
Reflect on experiences you have had with patients who self-diagnose using online medical sources.
Using the Internet, the Walden Library, or other trustworthy sources, identify a resource that you could introduce to patients to help them evaluate the credibility of health information found online.
What are some strategies you could employ to improve the health literacy of patients?
Post your assessment of the nurse’s role in improving the health literacy of patients. Then, identify the resource you would recommend to patients for evaluating online health information and why it would be beneficial. Describe additional strategies for assisting patients in becoming informed consumers of online health information.
Learning Resources
Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.
Required Readings
McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2015). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 17, “Supporting Consumer Information and Education Needs”
This chapter explores health literacy and e-health. The chapter examines a multitude of technology-based approaches to consumer health education.
Chapter 18, “Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health”
In this chapter, the authors supply an overview of community and population health informatics. The authors explore a variety of informatics tools used to promote community and population health.
Chapter 16, “Informatics Tools to Promote Patient Safety and Clinical Outcomes”
The authors of this chapter present strategies for developing a culture of safety using informatics tools. In addition, the chapter analyzes how human factors contribute to errors.
Health literacy: How do your patients rate? (2011). Urology Times, 39(9), 32.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
The authors of this article define health literacy and emphasize its poor rates in the United States. Additionally, the authors recommend numerous websites that offer patient education materials.
Huff, C. (2011). Does your patient really understand? H&HN, 85(10), 34.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
This article defines hospital literacy and highlights the barriers that prevent it from increasing. It also emphasizes the difficulties created by language and financial costs.
The Harvard School of Public Health. (2010). Health literacy studies. Retrieved from http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/healthliteracy
This website provides information and resources related to health literacy. The site details the field of health literacy and also includes research findings, policy reports and initiatives, and practice strategies and tools.
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (n.d.). Health literacy online. Retrieved June 19, 2012, from http://www.health.gov/healthliteracyonline/
This webpage supplies a guide to writing and designing health websites aimed at increasing health literacy. The guide presents six strategies that should be used when developing health websites.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.a). Quick guide to health literacy. Retrieved June 19, 2012, from http://www.health.gov/communication/literacy/quickguide/Quickguide.pdf
This article contains an overview of key health literacy concepts and techniques for improving health literacy. The article also includes examples of health literacy best practices and suggestions for improving health literacy.
Required Media
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (Executive Producer). (2012a). Interview with Rachelle Toman, M.D. Ph.D. Rockville, MD: Author. Retrieved from http://www.ahrq.gov/legacy/questions/video/06clinician/
In this interview, Dr. Toman discusses the importance of asking patients questions to ensure they have been able to sufficiently communicate their concerns.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (Executive Producer). (2012b). The waiting room video. Rockville, MD: Author. Retrieved from http://www.ahrq.gov/patients-consumers/patient-involvement/ask-your-doctor/videos/waitroom/index.html
This video addresses the importance of communication in the patient-health care professional relationship. It highlights the need to ask meaningful questions to the patient to fully understand issues and concerns.
APA Format
Discuss goffmanian concepts such as performance
Discuss Goffmanian concepts such as performance, interaction ritual and impression management using a suitable example, and analyze the contribution of Goffman in understanding social life.
Additional information
The problem related to Sociology and it explains about Goffmanian concepts of performance, interaction ritual and impression management.
Describe the history and evolution of health care economics
Economic Terms and Health Care History
Complete the Economic Terms Exercise.
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you include the following:
Describe the history and evolution of health care economics and the timeline of health care funding, usingthe defined terms.
Includetwo outside resources.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
Submit your paper and a copy of the completed exercise to your facilitator
Methods and procedures for analyzing diversity
Design a model similar to 4-3 in book, with methods and procedures for analyzing diversity and how you would implement the results in a cultural diversity training program
Compare two ethical decision-making models
MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING
At 18, Simone is a new mother who became pregnant while on a Spring Break vacation; she does not know who the father of her child is. Simone has few friends and dropped out of high school to care for her baby; she receives government assistance and has no immediate plans to return to school or look for a job. Her social worker has arranged for her to receive a grant for some short-term counseling in order to help her adjust to being a parent and to set some goals for the future.
Simone is estranged from her family and describes her early childhood as chaotic and abusive. Her mother was diagnosed with bipolar disorder and her father was alcoholic; they were barely able to hold jobs and the family was on welfare and frequently homeless. Simone says she was labeled with learning disabilities throughout school but does not remember receiving any help for them; she has a clear memory of overhearing a teacher describing her as having a low I.Q.
The counseling sessions focus mainly on Simone telling stories about her week; she is reluctant to explore her feelings and doesn’t understand why she would need to do any “counseling homework” between appointments. She says she has no real interests besides watching TV and listening to music and she has no idea about what she’d like to do in terms of a job or career. When pressed to talk about goals, Simone becomes irritable and changes the subject.
During one visit, Simone acknowledges that she sometimes smokes marijuana to help her cope with her anxiety and her inability to sleep. She indicates that she only smokes after her baby has been fed and is down for the night. She also admits that she has been selling marijuana to a neighbor in order to help pay for what she’s been using. “Otherwise, I wouldn’t be able to afford it myself, and I need to be able to relax so I can take good care of my baby!” Simone says her use of marijuana is temporary, and promises not to smoke more than two or three times a week. When asked if she’d like to use the next counseling sessions to learn some other ways to relax, Simone says that she’s not ready to do this.
The social worker has requested a brief summary of the progress Simone has made during her first 12 sessions in order to request additional counseling appointments. Simone gives permission for the report to be written, saying she doesn’t know what would happen to her or her baby if she couldn’t attend counseling sessions.
• Compare and contrast two ethical decision-making models. To aid in selection, first review: pages 14-17 of the Ethical, Legal, and Professional Issues in Counseling textbook and the readings included in the course from this unit. You can also choose an ethical decision making model from another current peer-reviewed article from a professional counseling journal of your choice. Some examples include: A Practitioner’s Guide to Ethical Decision Making (Forester-Miller & Davis, 1996; Intercultural Model (Luke, Goodrich, & Gilbride, 2013); and the Social Constructivist Model (Cottone, 2001). Analyze the effectiveness of these models and provide an example of how they might be used to resolve legal or ethical dilemmas when working with students or clients from diverse backgrounds.
• Apply your chosen decision-making model to the case you reviewed. If you were the counselor working with this case, discuss how you would apply each step of the ethical decision-making model you have selected to respond effectively to these legal and ethical issues.
Include specific examples to illustrate the actions you would take at each step.
Include the specific ethical standards and state laws that you would consult when determining your response to the situation. How would these laws and standards influence the choices you might make in responding to the situation?
Describe how you would demonstrate developmental and cultural sensitivity when addressing the legal and ethical issues presented. Use specific examples to illustrate your ideas.
• Explain how your personal values and beliefs impact your understanding of the situation and the choices you might make when deciding how to respond to the legal and ethical issues that may arise in working with this client or student.
Include at least two examples of specific values and beliefs you hold that may influence your reactions to this case and the actions you may take.
Present at least two specific strategies that you will develop to address the influence that your personal values and beliefs may have on ethical decision making with clients or students.