Category: Uncategorized

Development of Techno?Economic Analysis

The main aim of this project is to develop a techno?economic analysis of Thermo chemical processing
route for the conversion of solid waste biomass (peels, bark and bagasse) from cassava processing in
Nigeria to energy. The bio?energy scenarios will be modelled using Aspen Plus.
Objectives:
(i) To accurately determine of the amounts and locations of cassava waste in Nigeria, together with
estimation of the fraction available for collection and the cost of collection and transport to suitable
central locations
(ii) To carry out comprehensive literature review of literature related to cassava waste conversion
processes. Existing experimental will also be collected from literature
(iii) To develop a process model of cassava waste conversion process using Aspen Plus software
(iv) To validate the process model developed in (iii) using experimental data collected in (ii)
(v) To carry out process and economic analysis using the model developed
(vi) Complete an economic assessment of waste treatment options using the processing model
developed.
Methodology:
There is no doubt that there is great potential associated with second generation biomass utilisation
for bio?refinery application in Nigeria. Despite this great potential, there is currently no significant
development to provide concrete examples of how it can be implemented commercially. As
aforementioned, this lack of commercial examples in not necessarily due to technology maturity but
also due to cost and the complexity of potential bio?refinery scenarios that have not been fully
mapped out. The construction of demonstration plants in order to investigate the technical and
economic feasibility of these potential scenarios is practically unattainable as a result of the high cost
involved.
Thus one way of overcoming this obstacle is through the use of process simulation models to
simulate the operation and performance of the different process scenarios. The modelling and
simulation for the different bio?refinery scenarios stated in section 1.3 of chapter 1 will be carried out
using Aspen Plus? while the ?Aspen Icarus? will be used to carry out the economic analysis of the
different scenarios with the aim of conducting a techno?economic comparison of the different biorefinery
scenarios. The methodology adopted for this study is as listed below:
1. Accurate determination of the amount, location and current use of cassava waste biomass (starchbased
and lignocellulosic in numerous bio?based industries in Nigeria, together with estimation of the
fraction available for collection and the cost of collection and transport (if any) to suitable location.
2. Combination of experimental data from relevant literature data, demonstration and commercial
plants, and use the data to develop an Aspen Plus
model of an integrated bio?refinery process with
focus on the process scenarios listed under the project aim and objectives. .
3. Scale up the models developed based on the quantity of cassava waste biomass estimated in step
1.
4. The scaled up models for the various process scenarios developed in step 3 will be used to carry
out full sustainability study in order to evaluate its overall economic, environmental and social
impact. The process economics will be developed using Aspen Icarus. The environmental impact of
each of the process scenarios will be conducted using life cycle assessment (from feedstock to
product) study. The social impact of each of the scenarios will determined by evaluating its job
creation potential.

Profile on individual, group, place, or even based on personal observation

Requirements: Upon the completion of this assignment, the student should demonstrate the ability to:

1) write a profile that functions as a written portrait of the student?s chosen subject

2) depict the subject in an engaging manner that conveys the subject?s significance and unique attributes

3) give important background information that contextualizes the subject

4) establish a clear perspective, or ?angle,? on the subject and craft a clear, focused thesis that establishes that angle

5) support that thesis with well-paragraphed details, including-but not limited to-specific information about the subject, sensory images, figurative language, and dialogue or anecdote

6) use tone and language appropriate for a clearly defined, public audience

7) evidence clear, well-edited writing that is free of proofreading errors and errors of grammar, mechanics, and syntax

Follow the instructions on the document ?Computer format and manuscript form.? Make sure to use MLA format to cite all sources. This essay should be 4?6 pages long.

Key terms: Angle, Profile, Interesting.

Angle: an approach to a topic that determines which details to include for maximum impact.

Profile: a ?written portrait? (Norton Field Guide 153) of a person, place, or event.

Interesting: writing that catches and holds the reader?s attention.

You can write your profile about a person or group of people, a place, or an event. The content of the profile should be primarily based on your recent personal experience. For example, you can interview a person, visit a place, or attend an event. Choose something that is interesting and significant to you, because then you will be able to make the subject interesting to your reader. Also plan to spend time with the subject. For example, you might need to attend more than one performance of an event to make broader statements about the event and its context. Likewise, you might need to schedule more than one interview, or meeting with a person. You may also need to do research in the library to find pertinent background information to situate your profile. You want to present the profile subject in a way that will encourage others to seek out the experience.

Key features of a profile:

An interesting subject: person, place, or event

Any necessary background: information about the subject?s larger context

An interesting angle: perspective that limits the relevant material

A firsthand account: don?t write about ?something someone told me about.?

Engaging details: bring the subject to life with sights, sounds, smells, etc.

1. Explore what you already know about the subject?identify expectations.

2. Visit your subject?remember to allot enough time to get to know the subject.

3. Prepare interview questions?this is the foundational material for a profile.

4. Do additional research?focus on the broader context; don?t overwhelm your reader or yourself with details.

5. Analyze your findings?patterns, images, recurring ideas, phrases and ideas.

6. Find an angle?distinguish your essay.

7. Organize?a narrative or a description?

Economic Principles

Question 1

Adam Smith, in his book, The Wealth of Nations, 1776, explained that every individual participating in the market is ?led by an invisible hand to promote an end [the efficient use of resources] which was no part of his intention ?? Adam Smith was the first to suggest that competitive markets send resources to the uses in which they have the highest value.

What is a competitive market and explain the notion of the term ?the
?invisible hand ? as it relates to a competitive market.

Using a demand and supply graph, explain and illustrate how a competitive market achieves an allocatively efficient distribution of resources.

iii. Describe how eBay works to allocate goods and explain how the prices of those goods are determined on eBay. How does eBay, an e-commerce innovation, help increase consumer and producer surplus achieve greater allocative efficiency?

(3 + 3 + 4 marks) Total 10 marks

Use the following website, https://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/, to obtain data for the price of gold from 1970 to 2016. Import the data into MSExcel to create a time-series line graph. Ensure your graph has a title, axis labels and is correctly sourced at the bottom of the graph.
You may find the following article helpful for parts (ii) and (iii) below,http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/investing/gold/11014933/The-seven-drivers-of-the-gold-price.html

Comment on the movement of the gold price as depicted in your graph. Briefly discuss at least two reasons for the major changes observed in the price of gold over the period.
iii. In the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in 2008/09, the price of gold rose strongly. As the price of gold rose in the ensuing years, more of it was bought, not less. Is this an exception to the Law of Demand? Use a demand and supply diagram to illustrate your answer.

(2 + 4 + 4 marks) Total 10 marks

Question 2

The city of Lanzhou in China is famous for its beef noodles. Read the following articlehttp://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/04/international/asia/04china.html? before answering the questions below.

a) Summarise the article (in 150 to 200 words) and explain what is happening in Lanzhou.
b) Using your knowledge of Topic 3 (Supply and Demand), provide two factors (determinants) that are influencing the price of a bowl of noodles in Lanzhou, China. Illustrate each factor with a separate demand and supply diagram.
c) Summarise and briefly compare the characteristics of the four different market structures covered in this course. Which market structure are Lanzhou beef noodles likely to fit into. Briefly explain why.

d) The article said that The Western Economic Daily had broken a major scandal with a headline: ?The Beef Noodles Price Hike, a Price-Fixing Scheme.? Another headline read, ?Price collusion is illegal?.
Visit the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) website,www.accc.gov.au, to help you answer the following questions.

What is the role of the ACCC?
What is price collusion and why is it illegal?
How does price fixing influence the efficiency of a market?
(2+ 8 + 4 + 6 marks) Total 20 marks

Consider Levels of Prevention in your Community

Paper, Order, or Assignment Requirements

Consider primary and secondary prevention for the population at risk in your community.

Because you are experts on tertiary care, you need to focus your project on primary and secondary prevention at the community or system level of care. Sometimes organizing interventions at all three levels will help you to focus your project on primary prevention at the community and system level of care. You may include a secondary prevention at the community and system level of care. Just make sure you cover primary prevention well. (See shaded cells in the table below.) Note any gaps in care in your community at this time.

Nursing Interventions/Services
Level of Prevention Individual / Family Community System
Primary This is an important area to address, but do not focus your project on the individual Focus of Project Focus of Project
Secondary Do not focus on individuals for this project You may include secondary prevention in addition to primary prevention You may include a focus on secondary prevention in addition to primary prevention
Tertiary Up to now most of your practice has been focused at this level of care. (Acute Care) In this course you will focus on primary prevention.
Please address the following in your discussions:
? Share your progress: your population of interest (middle aged and elderly) and your initial ideas on what is needed to address the health problem (diabetes). (If it is helpful, use the chart above to map all levels of prevention. Highlight primary prevention and post for the group.)
? What do you know about this group so far? Who have you contacted about the population at risk?
? Where is the gap in care to address and prevent this health problem?
? Help each other to clarify the problem, help each other with sources of information.

additional information
Week 3: This week is about levels of prevention. Once a middle age or elderly patient is diagnosed with diabetes any interventions would be considered secondary and/or tertiary. Support is much needed for these middle age and elderly. However this project is focusing on primary prevention ? prevent the diabetes. What are some of the issues with primary prevention with diabetes? How would a patient?s culture impact your approach to primary prevention? (Secondary prevention is ok if primary prevention is well covered in your project.)

Drug and Alcohol nursing

Paper, Order, or Assignment Requirements

Case Scenario

You are a nurse working in drug and alcohol consultation and liaison service. You arrive on duty at 0900 hours and have been delegated a referral for a drug and alcohol assessment, the client is waiting in the emergency department of the in the local hospital.

Referral information so far:

Tom is a 19 year old labourer who lives with his mother (Theresa). His father was an alcoholic and left the family when Tom was 8 years old. Tom was brought in by police under section 22 of the Mental Health Act, after a passer-by noticed Tom bleeding and lying on the side of the road and called an ambulance. He refused to go to hospital and the ambulance officers called the Police. The police reported that when they approached Tom he shouted ?I am better off dead? and ?I know the devil wants me?. He arrived in the emergency department around 3 a.m. with a lacerated arm.

On arrival to the emergency department he appeared to be heavily intoxicated. At the triage station his blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was recorded as 0.22mg/%. A number of superficial scratches and a 2.5 cm laceration to his left arm were noted. He had told the triage nurse that he has been drinking since 7 pm the previous day. A number of severe acne type lesions were noticed on Tom?s face and also some track marks noted.

Overnight Tom?s lacerations were treated, he was initially hostile but then his hyper-vigilance decreased and he slept until 6 am when he woke and became agitated, wanting to leave immediately but was able to be settled with 10 mg of oral diazepam.

Tom?s girlfriend, Jenna aged 16 years, apparently visited at about 04.00 AM. She had been looking for him after they had a fight yesterday afternoon/ evening. Jenna was described as looking approximately 6 months pregnant, unkempt, with facial acne and some visible track marks. Jenna said Tom has been a real worry for the last 6 weeks since he was arrested and charged for 3 break and entering offences and one assault. He is due to appear in court over these matters in 2 weeks. Jenna told the nurses that Tom reckons he was being framed for those offences by someone evil and then she left at around 04.30 AM in the company of her girlfriend.

A medical officer was called and provided a very brief assessment before prescribing diazepam. The client?s notes include his mental state examination as follows:

Appearance & behaviour: Thin, unkempt young man, dressed in a hospital gown, pacing up and down next to his hospital bed and continued to move constantly during the interview: seeming hyper-vigilance and intense eye contact noted. Cooperative but guarded

Mood: Claims he is fine

Affect: Agitated and volatile, easily annoyed.

Speech: Fast rate, clipped rhythm and direct.

At times answering with few words ? though not really monosyllabic.

Thought Form: A few times he seemed to have trouble answering or provided an irrelevant answer,but seemed to quickly pass over these incidents/ a bit like he was covering up

Thought Content: Denies any current suicidal ideas. Claims he just cut himself with a bottle because he felt depressed about his charges but he didn?t want to kill himself.

Says he doesn?t know why he does it. Says that people are framing him for the break and enters he is charged with and that he wants to leave hospital as they might try to get him here.

Denies visual or auditory hallucinations but became a little annoyed by me asking these questions

Write a case analysis using the information provided depicting the assessment and management of this client.

When writing your paper consider the following points.

?Analyse the information provided in the history and mental state examination provided and identify relevant issues.
?Discuss the immediate assessment and screening tools indicated and explain why they are indicated. Identify how a comprehensive might be achieved.
?Explain any immediate interventions that might be required
?Discuss appropriate management strategies and treatment models that could be included in Tom?s treatment plan
?Identify any other health professionals needed and evaluate the optimal way for one or more health professionals to be involved in Tom?s care
Support your discussion with current literature and incorporate best practice guidelines into your answer.

Person Centered Approach to Chronic Illness

Ensure of the 12 references, 5 are up-to-date journal articles as well as relevant books and web sites. The relevant books I NEED you to use/reference are as follows: Kozier and Erb?s Fundamentals of Nursing and Smeltzer & Bare?s Medical Surgical Nursing.
Please ensure you follow the HD criteria for the paper form the rubric.
Please ensure you describe COPD from a cellular level also?..
The word count of 2000 words doesnot include in text referencing, contents page and reference list?.this is why I have nominated 12 pages, if however you feel it will go over, please make contact with me to confirm such.

In some ways humans are similar to other complex animals. Name 3 characteristics that we share with our closest animal relatives, primates. In other ways, humans are distinct from primates. Name 3 characteristics that might distinguish us from our closest animal relative, primates.

In some ways humans are similar to other complex animals. Name 3 characteristics that we share with our closest animal relatives, primates. In other ways, humans are distinct from primates. Name 3 characteristics that might distinguish us from our closest animal relative, primates.For this paper, the answer should mostly be derived from the documentary called NOVA Ape Genius.http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/nature/ape-genius.html

Smoking and its effects on periodontal health

The paper should be written by Professional research Periodontologist (periodontology is abranch of dentistry which deals with gum diseases.) All the objection from publisher should be rectified.
Articles for reference should not be older than 10 years.
Following are the main objections by publisher on my article.
.According to mention topic the focus of the study is to evaluate smoking effects and its relationship with Periodontal health but in literature review and methodology other parameters also discuss as the topic suggest only the rationale of smoking on periodontium should be restricted to the topic but other parameter like pan, chalia and guttka also disscuss without any justification.
Analysis done without specific test applied so data analysis should be revised and formulate results again according to analyzed data and rewrite discussion and conclusion.

Elaborate the ?introduction? of your manuscript makes it lengthy.
Draw a table of your variables in Methodology, and mentioned rural area. Your cross-sectional study?s duration. Also add SPSS analysis sheet or table/s as supplementary material.
Explain your results with Pie Chart. Elaborate the ?Conclusion? according to your results.
It is a very common topic, the studies chosen for the literature are old and there is no new literature elaborating on the topic.The article is not well formatted.

Other Specific Criticisms:
1) For correct Reference style (Please view the journal?s website at http://njhsciences.com/guidelines-for-author/ for Instructions to authors and change the references accordingly i.e. Vancouver Style).
2) Typographical & Grammatical errors (Kindly correct the manuscript from any native English speaker).

Current literature has not been reviewed, majority are old articles. Result should be shown in article in form of table, for better understanding. Result has not been discussed clearly in discussion part.
Author has described literature in discussion, but hasn?t discussed associations clearly.

Hemophilia

HEMOPHILIA TYPE A

You will create a case scenario and address the following areas for your assignment: (1) etiology; (2) pathophysiology; (3) signs and symptoms (related to pathophysiology); and (4) diagnosis, treatment, and management (based upon pathophysiology). These assignments should be between 3 and 5 pages in length and contain references used.

These assignments are meant to have you relate pathophysiological concepts to clinical situations. The topic areas are mostly disease or disorders, but there are a few procedures or broader topic areas. You are NOT expected to develop a COMPREHENSIVE research paper, but rather tell a story or describe one possible patient experience related to the topic.

Please begin with a ?case scenario? related to the topic area. This should be a story describing a typical patient with the condition or including the clinical subject. This should be approximately one paragraph in length, and does not need full patient details.

Then, cover the following areas, keeping in mind that your emphasis should be relating concepts to pathophysiology. The four areas are:
1. Etiology
2. Pathophysiology
3. Signs/Symptoms (connect to underlying pathophysiology)
4. Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management (connect to underlying pathophysiology)

Etiology describes the CAUSES and origins of a disease or disorder and the factors that contribute to the occurrence of that disease or disorder. What conditions or characteristics pre-disposed the patient to the condition (e.g., genetics, lifestyle, recent events)?

Pathophysiology describes the CONSEQUENCES of the disease or disorder on the normal function of an organ or tissue within the body. How does the disease or disorder alter the normal function of the body and result in harm to the patient?

The Signs/Symptoms section should include at least three major presenting signs and/or symptoms and relate these to the underlying pathophysiology. Why are these presenting signs/symptoms not normal, and how do they result from the underlying disturbance to normal function (pathophysiology)?

The Diagnosis/Treatment/Management section should include at least three diagnostic tests and/or treatment or management tools for the condition, and relate them to the underlying pathophysiology. How does the definitive diagnosis relate to the disturbance of normal function? How does the treatment or management approach attempt to alleviate or address the underlying disturbance of normal function?

You should include at least three sources, other than internet sources, for your assignment. You can use the Nursing Resources link found on the course site to find peer-reviewed or professional material as sources for your assignment. One helpful source for pathophysiology is Harrison?s Principles of Internal Medicine, which is available to you online through the Nursing Resources link.

The length of the assignment should be between 3 and 5 pages. Again, this is not a comprehensive discussion or research paper on the topic, but rather the creation of a scenario or story where you pull out key aspects of pathophysiology in your discussion.

Microbial Virulence & Phobias and the Corresponding types of therapy

Paper, Order, or Assignment Requirements

Part 1-Microbial Virulence
Respond to the following:

Virulence factors of an organism are a huge consideration. As we begin to look at the role of specific organisms and the diseases they cause, what you will notice is that if an organism is well-equipped with virulence factors, in most cases it will be able to initiate disease. If an organism lacks virulence factors, in most cases it will not initiate disease. So when you are studying infectious disease, if an organism is known to cause human disease, one of the first questions you would want to ask is, ?what are the virulence factors of this organism?? Define the term ?virulence factor?. Discuss at least 3 specific virulence factors and explain how each can make an organism more likely to cause disease.

Part 2-Phobias and the corresponding types of therapy

this discussion will explore phobias and how people deal with their fear associated with phobias. Many of us have a phobia of some sort, but we probably all know someone with a more severe phobia. For this discussion, either think of yourself or someone you know with a strong phobia.

Describe the phobia?what is it, and how is it irrational?
How does the person deal with the phobia?
Does the person realize that their fear is irrational? Have they sought or received professional help to try to deal with their phobia?
What would you recommend to this person to try to help them overcome their phobia?