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Draw the pedigree that shows the familial relationships

Draw the pedigree that shows the familial relationships

 

Draw the pedigree that shows the familial relationships

Biology

Question: Joseph and Jenny have come to a genetic counselor to determine their chances of having a child with myotonic dystrophy, a degenerative muscular disorder that appears at about 50 years of age and is inherited with the autosomal dominant allele D. The autosomal recessive allele d does not contribute to the development of the disease. Both Joseph and Jenny are in their thirties and neither shows any signs of the disease at present. Jenny’s grandmother (her father’s mother) has the disease. Jenny’s grandmother’s father (Jenny’s great-grandfather) did not have the disease. There is no history of myotonic dystrophy in Joseph’s family or in Jenny’s mother’s or paternal grandfather’s family.
Question: Draw the pedigree that shows the familial relationships described in the paragraph above. Use a circle to denote a woman, a square to denote a man and a filled symbol to show individuals who have myotonic dystrophy. In this pedigree, you are attempting to trace the inheritance of the D allele. Beneath each symbol, show the genotype of each individual as far as it is known. You may use blanks to indicate that part of the genotype is unknown, if applicable.
Question: What is the probability that Jenny is a carrier of the D allele?
Question: What is the probability that Joseph and Jenny will have a child with myotonic dystrophy?
Question: Out of 3 children born to Joseph and Jenny, what is the probability that 1 will have myotonic dystrophy?
Question: Out of 5 children born to Joseph and Jenny, what is the probability that at least one will have myotonic dystrophy?

What is the genotypic ratio expected

What is the genotypic ratio expected

What is the genotypic ratio expected
> Biology
1. Based on the parents’ genotypes, what is the genotypic ratio expected from a monohybrid cross between the two parents for the trait?

2. Based on the genotypic ratio from question 1, what is the expected probability of each genotype?

5. How close did your actual results come to your expected results? What caused the difference?

6. What fraction of actual BB, Bb, bb did you record? How close is it to the expected ration Mendel predicted?

7. Based on the parents’ genotypes, what is the phenotypic ratio expected from a dihybrid cross between the two parents for these traits?

8. Toss all 4 coins together 50 times and keep a tally sheet while doing so. How many tally’s for each genotype did you get?

9. Determine the actual probability in percent, that each genotype occurred.

10. How close did your actual results come to your expected results?

11. What fraction of actual phenotypes did you record, i.e. how many widows peak and smooth chin, no widows peak and cleft chin, etc? How close is it to the expected ration Mendel predicted?

3.

Toss the coins together 50 times and keep a tally sheet while doing so. They can only turn up as BB, Bb, or bb. Remember: each coin represents each parent and each toss can only turn up one way, therefore, a parent can give only one gene of a pair. How many tally’s for each genotype did you get?

BB – 13
Bb – 27
bb – 10

summarize the podcast you have selected

summarize the podcast you have selected

 

Briefly summarize the podcast you have selected

Biology

Discussion: “Cells and Cancer and Mitosis and Meiosis”

Please respond to one of the following three bulleted items.

• Listen to one of the following podcasts listed below:

o NPR Podcast: Can healthy eating reverse some cancers? – http://www.npr.org/2015/07/31/426842528/can-healthy-eating-reverse-some-cancers

o Dana Farber Podcast: Sugar and Cancer. – http://blog.dana-farber.org/itunes/cancer_and_nutrition/nutrition_and_cancer-sugar.mp3

o Briefly summarize the podcast you have selected then discuss whether or not you believe that dieting can reverse cancer or if dieting impacts your risk of cancer. Justify your response.

• Name two similarities and two differences between mitosis and meiosis I and II. Next state three benefits of genetic variation which result from meiosis. Which benefit do you believe is most significant? Justify your response.

• Read the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology article entitled, “Mitosis at a Glance” which is found here. Next summarize three major points made in the article then define the term cancer in your own words. Lastly, describe what occurs when there are problems during mitosis then provide an example of a disease that results from abnormal mitosis.

 

What relationship to the allele for yellow seeds

What relationship to the allele for yellow seeds

What relationship to the allele for yellow seeds

Biology

Mendel crossed yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants and then allowed the offspring to self-pollinate to produce an F2 generation. The results were as follows: 6022 yellow and 2001 green (8023 total). The allele for green seeds has what relationship to the allele for yellow seeds?

dominant
incomplete dominant
codominant

Mutational event to the frameshift mutant

Mutational event to the frameshift mutant

 

Mutational event to the frameshift mutant

Biology

Some amino acids are post-translationally removed from the C-terminal end of the b-lactamase enzyme from B. imaginarium (i.e. – after translation and release from the ribosome, a protease chews off a few amino acids). The purified wildtype enzyme is 327 amino acids in length and the sequence of its C-terminal amino acids is shown below aligned with the C-terminal amino acids found in a mutant strain of B. imaginarium, which contains of a frameshift mutation that abolishes processing if its C-terminus. This frameshift mutant was caused by insertion or deletion of a single nucleotide. Use this information to answer the questions below.

AA# 327

wild-type: Ser Asn Ala Lys Asp Trp

mutant: Ser Asn Ala Ile Arg Leu Asp Trp Gln Met Lys

A. What was the mutational event that gave rise to the frameshift mutant? Determine precisely where the single nucleotide insertion or deletion occurred in the b-lactamase coding sequences.

B. What is the length of the wildtype enzyme prior to processing (how many amino acids)?

C. Deduce, as far as possible, the actual sequence of the C-terminus of the wild-type enzyme prior to processing.

 

How many genes are involved in determination of fruit shape

How many genes are involved in determination of fruit shape

 

How many genes are involved in determination of fruit shape

Biology

The fruit in summer squash may have different shapes. When two true breeding plants with disc-shaped fruit were crossed to true breeding plants with long fruit, all the F1 plants had disc fruits. In the F2 progeny there were 110 plants with disc-shape fruits, 70 plants with sphere-shape fruits and 12 plants with long fruits.

How many genes are involved in determination of fruit shape in summer squash?

Calculate the percentage of the bacterial genome

Calculate the percentage of the bacterial genome

Calculate the percentage of the bacterial genome
Biology
Sequencing of a new bacterial genome revealed a circular genome of 2.9 x 106 base pairs. Open reading frame (ORF) analysis indicated the presence of 2,120 ORFs that encode proteins with a median length of 270 amino acids (aa) and an average length of 360 aa. Based on this information and assuming that all of the predicted ORFs actually encode proteins, calculate the percentage of the bacterial genome that encodes the cell’s complete proteome.