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accounting assignment

accounting assignment

accounting assignment
Questions 6

E12-1 Birkenstock is considering an investment in a nylon-knitting machine. The machine requires an initial investment of $25,000, has a 5-year life, and has no residual value at the end of the 5 years. The company’s cost of capital is 12%. Known with less certainty are the actual after-tax cash inflows for each of the 5 years. The company has estimated expected cash inflows for three scenarios: pessimistic, most likely, and optimistic. These expected cash inflows are listed in the following table. Calculate the range for the NPV given each scenario.

Expected cash inflows

Year

Pessimistic

Most likely

Optimistic

1

$5,500

$ 8,000

$10,500

2

6,000

9,000

12,000

3

7,500

10,500

14,500

4

6,500

9,500

11,500

5

4,500

6,500

7,500

E12-2 You wish to evaluate a project requiring an initial investment of $45,000 and having a useful life of 5 years. What minimum amount of annual cash inflow do you need if your firm has an 8% cost of capital? If the project is forecast to earn $12,500 per year over the 5 years, what is its IRR? Is the project acceptable?

E12-3 Like most firms in its industry, Yeastime Bakeries uses a subjective risk assessment tool of its own design. The tool is a simple index by which projects are ranked by level of perceived risk on a scale of 0-10. The scale is recreated in the following table.

Risk index

Required return

0

4.0% (current risk-free rate)

1

4.5

2

5.0

3

5.5

4

6.0

5

6.5 (current IRR)

6

7.0

7

7.5

8

8.0

9

8.5

10

9.0

The firm is analyzing two projects based on their RADRs. Project Sourdough requires an initial investment of $12,500 and is assigned a risk index of 6. Project Greek Salad requires an initial investment of $7,500 and is assigned a risk index of 8. The two projects have 7-year lives. Sourdough is projected to generate cash inflows of $5,500 per year. Greek Salad is projected to generate cash inflows of $4,000 per year. Use each project’s RADR to select the better project.

E12-4 Outcast, Inc., has hired you to advise the firm on a capital budgeting issue involving two unequal-lived, mutually exclusive projects, M and N. The cash flows for each project are presented in the following table. Calculate the NPV and the annualized net present value (ANPV) for each project using the firm’s cost of capital of 8%. Which project would you recommend?
Project M

Project N

Initial investment

$35,000

$55,000

Year

Cash inflows

1

$12,000

$18,000

2

25,000

15,000

3

30,000

25,000

4

—

10,000

5

—

8,000

6

—

5,000

7

—

5,000

E12-5 Longchamps Electric is faced with a capital budget of $150,000 for the coming year. It is considering six investment projects and has a cost of capital of 7%. The six projects are listed in the following table, along with their initial investments and their IRRs. Using the data given, prepare an investment opportunities schedule (IOS). Which projects does the IOS suggest should be funded? Does this group of projects maximize NPV? Explain.

Project

Initial investment

IRR

1

$75,000

8%

2

40,000

10

3

35,000

7

4

50,000

11

5

45,000

9

6

20,000

6

What are some of the considerations to keep in mind concerning how these different social and religious values and cultures have on food preparation and eating, the social behaviors to be sensitive to regarding employees and customers, the type of trainings that will be required, the work attitudes and behaviors, and any ethical standards that you may need to develop? Are the attitudes in these countries individualistic or collective? week 1 IP soonnn

What are some of the considerations to keep in mind concerning how these different social and religious values and cultures have on food preparation and eating, the social behaviors to be sensitive to regarding employees and customers, the type of trainings that will be required, the work attitudes and behaviors, and any ethical standards that you may need to develop? Are the attitudes in these countries individualistic or collective? week 1 IP soonnn

What are some of the considerations to keep in mind concerning how these different social and religious values and cultures have on food preparation and eating, the social behaviors to be sensitive to regarding employees and customers, the type of trainings that will be required, the work attitudes and behaviors, and any ethical standards that you may need to develop? Are the attitudes in these countries individualistic or collective?

week 1 IP soonnn
1000 words

Part I

You are planning to expand your fast-food hamburger franchise internationally and have decided to open in the United Arab Emeritus, Israel, Mexico and China. Knowing that all of these countries and its people have different cultures, customs, beliefs, values and attitudes that are unique to their country and different from that of the United States, consider how this would impact your fast-food business. What are some of the considerations to keep in mind concerning how these different social and religious values and cultures have on food preparation and eating, the social behaviors to be sensitive to regarding employees and customers, the type of trainings that will be required, the work attitudes and behaviors, and any ethical standards that you may need to develop? Are the attitudes in these countries individualistic or collective?

Part II

If you were to send your top managers to these countries, what type of cultural shock should they expect? How would you help them alleviate this stress? Provide a few examples from each country.

Part III

In many countries, “expeditors” can help you cut through layers of bureaucracy so that you can get your business done or done faster. Expeditors are normally paid for what they do, and they may ask you to help finance other expeditors within these countries that will help move your business request through the system faster. The methods that are being used could ultimately be unethical, illegal, or maybe not at all.

How would you go about making sure the practice of an expeditor is legal?
Would you approve a paid transaction requested by an expeditor if it was acceptable in the country, but unethical back in the United States? (defend your position) What business ethics are involved in your decision making process?
What factors should you consider and who should you consult with and why?

omm 618 human resource management week 1 -discussions

omm 618 human resource management week 1 -discussions

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omm 618 human resource management week 1 -discussions
Answer the questions to the case, “Jack Nelson’s Problem,” at the end of Chapter 1.
1.What do you think was causing some of the problems in the savings and loan home office and branches?

2.Do you think setting up an HR unit in the main office would help?

3. What specific functions should an HR unit carry out?

4. What HR functions would then be carried out by supervisors and other line managers?

Discussion 2
Answer the questions to the case, “LearnInMotion.com: A Question of Discrimination,” at the end of Chapter 2.
1. Our company is in New York City. We now have only about five employees and are only planning on hiring about three or four more. Is our company covered by equal rights legislation?

2. Were we within our legal rights to ask the possibly age-related and substance abuse–related questions? Why or why not?

3. Did Dan and Alex create a hostile environment for Ruth? Why or why not? How should we have handled this matter?

4. What have we been doing wrong up to now with respect to EEO-related matters, and how do you suggest we rectify the situation in the future?
Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph for the paper.
Main ideas should be addressed in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences.
Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
The paper should be checked for spelling and grammatical errors.
The format of the paper is to be as follows:

Typed, double-spaced, Times New Roman font (size 12), one-inch margins on all sides, APA format.
In addition to the three to four (3-4) pages assigned, a title page with the title of the assignment, your name, the instructor’s name, the course title, and the date is to be included, as well as a Reference Page.
Sources documented using APA style for in-text citations and listed on the References Page using APA style format.

America’s Post-Civil War Growing Pains

America’s Post-Civil War Growing Pains

America’s Post-Civil War Growing Pains
Write a three to four (3-4) page paper on the period from Reconstruction through widespread industrialization in the Western United States (approximate time period: 1865-1900.)

Your paper should cover the following:

Identify at least (2) two major historical turning points in the period under discussion.
Analyze the impact of the two (2) or more major historical turning points selected on America’s 1) current society, 2) economy, 3) politics, and 4) culture.
Student note: The requirements for the points listed above are separate from the rest of the assignment.

Describe at least two (2) ways the Reconstruction period may have been different if President Lincoln had not been assassinated.
Explain how industrialization and urbanization affected the life of the average working American during the period.
Give at least two (2) examples of how the federal and/or state courts and legislatures handed down decisions or passed laws during the period that served to discriminate against non-white citizens and immigrants.
Include at least two (2) references (sources) other than the textbook. At least one (1) of your sources must be obtained from the collection of databases accessible from the Learning Resources Center Web page. Generic encyclopedic Internet resources such as Wikipedia or Answers.com will not be considered acceptable.
The paper should follow guidelines for clear and effectively organized writing:

The paper is well organized, and every explanation is both complete and easy to understand.

International Business Risk

International Business Risk

International Business Risk
word count is 1000 words, refAssume that your business is visible and an important member of the community. Would the government encourage a decision to expand? How would it affect the reputation of the business? Comment on whether the U.S. government would support a business owner’s decision to expand internationally or import in light of the balance of payments and how the move internationally may affect the business’s reputation as a local small-business owner.
Discuss the risk, importer, exporter, L/M/S and how to overcome it in each of the following: Economic conditions, Fluctuations in industry, Competition, Technological change, Change in preferences, Costs and expenses, Regulations, Expropriation, Interest rates, Government monetary policy, Government fiscal policy, Internal and external wars, Difference in culture and religion, Ownership of factories and property, Human resource restrictions, Intellectual property, Discrimination, Red tape and corruption, Blockage of funds or capital accounts, Change in government.

The Victorian Age

The Victorian Age

The Victorian Age
Much debate existed during the Romantic period about women’s roles in society. Writers such as Mary Wollstonecraft and Anna Leticia Barbauld articulated specific options, while the positions of other Romantic writers, such as Dorothy Wordsworth, must be deduced from their works.
Resource:“The Victorian Age” (pp. 1885–2291) in The Norton Anthology of English Literature

Reflecton the debate about women’s role in society during the Victorian period.

Develop an 8- to 10slide presentation, using Microsoft® PowerPoint® or another multimedia tool, summarizing the range of opinions about the role women should play in Victorian society as evidenced by the literature of the period.

Address the following in your PPt. presentation:

Explain the implications of the opinions.
Identify which views became influential and how they differed from those that faded.
Reference specific literary passages to illustrate your position, and formatyourreferences consistent with APA guidelines. Include citations in the speaker notes or in a separate reference list

Includephotos or illustrations as appropriate. Document the source of each media item you include.

on-fiction, non-autobiographical book related to child development

on-fiction, non-autobiographical book related to child development

on-fiction, non-autobiographical book related to child development
Choose a non-fiction, non-autobiographical book related to child development and/or issues that children face. The book you choose must be between 250-300 pages. After choosing and reading a book, write a well-focused book report discussing the child development issues/ideas addressed in your chosen book. Your paper should be 6-7 pages long, including a title page and a references page. The title page, the body of the paper, and the references page should all be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the APA Manual. The Grading Rubric for this assignment provides the specific requirements and expectations for the assignment, so review it before submitting your paper.

Guillermo’s Furniture Store Scenario

Guillermo’s Furniture Store Scenario

Guillermo’s Furniture Store Scenario
While many people know that Sonora, Mexico is a beautiful vacation spot, it is also a large furniture manufacturing location in North America. Guillermo Navallez made furniture for years near his Sonoran home. The area had a good supply of timber for the variety of tables and chairs produced by his company. Labor was also relatively inexpensive. In addition, he priced his handcrafted products at a slight premium for the quality they represented. Overall, life was good for Guillermo.

All of that was true until late in the 1990s when two forces combined to cause a large dent in his business. First, a new competitor from overseas entered the furniture market. Using a high-tech approach, this foreign competition provided furniture to exact specifications and did so with rock-bottom prices. Second, the sleepy communities in Sonora woke up. One of the largest retailers in the nation’s headquarters was just a few miles down the road, and its influence had expanded considerably. With inexpensive housing, mild weather, beautiful scenery, un-congested roads, a new International Airport, and plenty of development, an influx of people and jobs raised the cost of labor substantially. Guillermo watched his profit margins shrink as prices fell and costs rose.

After doing some research on his competition to see how they are handling these changes, it is clear that many of them are consolidating into larger organizations by merger or acquisition. Being independent, Guillermo does not relish the idea of being acquired by a larger competitor and then retired as the new company squeezes every peso it could out of the overhead costs. Guillermo also is not looking to expand his management responsibilities by acquiring another organization either; that could affect his time with his family in ways that he will not enjoy.

Guillermo then spent some time looking at the foreign competition and their high-tech solution. Essentially, their production utilizes a computer controlled laser lathe to produce exact cuts in the wood. Highly automated, the plant in Norway uses very little labor as robots even perform the precise movement and assembly functions. The cost of the technology is immense, as is the reduction in the labor needed for production. In addition, the production can move between products quickly, and it runs on a 24-hour basis, as the shift-differentials are more than offset by the reduction in labor. Converting his production to this model would be expensive, but he saw how he could also decrease dramatically his production costs.

When talking to some of his distributors about their wants, he had another idea that appealed to him. A second competitor, currently operating only in Norway, has been looking for channels to distribute in North America. This second potential rival, however, did not operate furniture outlets favoring instead to rely on chain distributors. Perhaps Guillermo could coordinate his existing distributor network and essentially become a representative for this other manufacturer. While he may retain some of the high end custom work, he could move his company from primarily manufacturing to primarily distribution.

Guillermo also has a patented process for creating a coating for his furniture. In producing this product, the process first creates a common flame-retardant, and upon further processing, the coating is complete and stain resistant. There is market for the flame retardant, but not as much of a market for the finished coating. There is another product that Guillermo could buy to apply to his furniture as well that would add the same amount of value for the furniture.
INSTRUCTIONS

The major point of this assignment is for you to realize there are three separate alternatives presented in the case verbiage.
Using the budget figures and projection assumptions given, you are to calculate a 5 year projected income statement and cash flow as well as the WACC for each alternative.
As in a real corporation, you can take each alternative, calculate the decision-making capital budgeting analyses
(NPV and IRR) using a discount rate and risk factors (sometimes referred to as the hurdle rate and/or required rate of return).

Then, a decision can be made as to which alternative would be best for the organization. As you will see, each alternative not only has a different projection,
but a different level of risk that is built into the NPV calculations. Of course, all possible variables are not accounted – but this exercise will give you a
flavor of what is used in the real-world in regards to capital budgeting.

Below are the three scenarios from the case along with additional assumptions in order for you to fulfill the requirements of this assignment.
You can use the formats provided below as a way to organize the analysis. You will need to do the calculations for the various elements and factors as part of your analysis.
Remember … Year 0 is when the initial investment is made, there are no sales or costs in that period … it is the “present” of present value. There may be follow-on investments in subsequent years.

Note — please realize that the assumptions in the three below scenarios are just that — “assumptions”. They are given to create an example of the decision making process used
Please show your calculations. If necessary, set up additional spreadsheets using the other “sheets”, linking from the Scenarios sheet to the appropriate information on the back sheets. That will help you organize your thoughts and help in tracing data to your conclusions. Please submit your completed spreadsheet with your written analysis.

SCENARIO ONE – Paragraph 4 of Furniture Scenario – increase in technology.
1) Year one projections are the same as the June Budget x 12
2) Year 2 and beyond — Revenues projected at 10% increase per year.
3) Year 2 and beyond — Varriable costs* — increase at the same rate as sales.
4) Year two and beyond — Fixed costs increase at a standard inflation rate of 3% per year.
5) Year two and beyond — Depreciation increases at 20% per year.
6) Capital Expenditures — Initially $7,000,000; and an additional $700,000 is years two, four, and in year five.
7) Labor wages & benefits decrease by 20% for year two due to technology savings — then a 10% per year increase in year three and beyond.

Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Revenue
High-End
Mid-Grade
Total Revenue

Cost of Goods *
High-End
Mid-Grade
Total Cost of Goods

Net Revenue

Labor Wages
Office Salaries
Benefits
Supplies
Utilities
Insurance
Property Taxes
Total Operating Expense

Earnings before Taxes & Depr
Depreciation
Earnings before Taxes

Income Taxes (42%)

Net Earnings

Add back Depreciation

Subtract Out Capital Expenditures

TOTAL CASH FLOW FOR ANALYSIS

DISCOUNT RATE to use for calculating the NPV:
Add the calculated WACC to a risk rate your analysts have assigned to this scenario
Risk Rate Assigned = 1.6%
WACC data needed for calculation:
Cost of Debt = 8%
Desired Mix for weighting (Debt = 40%; Equity = 60%)
Cost of Equity data needed:
Next Annual Dividend = $2
Current Stock Market Value = $40
Dividend Growth Factor = 7%

NPV =
IRR =

SCENARIO TWO – Paragraph 5 of Furniture Scenario – converting factory from primary manufacturing to primary distribution
1) Year one projections are the same as the June Budget x 12
2) Year 2 — Revenues decrease 10% and then increase at 5% .
3) Year 2 and beyond — Varriable costs* — increase at the same rate as sales.
4) Year two and beyond — Fixed costs increase at a standard inflation rate of 3% per year.
5) Year two and beyond — Depreciation increases at 10% per year.
6) Capital Expenditures — Initially $5,000,000; and an additional $500,000 is years two, four, and in year five.
7) Labor wages & benefits decrease by 40% for year two due to converting to distribution — then a 5% per year increase in year three and beyond.
8) Office Salaries increase by 20% for year two due to converting to distribution — then a 5% per year increase in year three and beyond.
Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Revenue
High-End
Mid-Grade
Total Revenue

Cost of Goods *
High-End
Mid-Grade
Total Cost of Goods

Net Revenue

Labor Wages
Office Salaries
Benefits
Supplies
Utilities
Insurance
Property Taxes
Total Operating Expense

Earnings before Taxes & Depr
Depreciation
Earnings before Taxes

Income Taxes (42%)

Net Earnings

Add back Depreciation

Subtract Out Capital Expenditures

TOTAL CASH FLOW FOR ANALYSIS

DISCOUNT RATE to use for calculating the NPV:
Add the calculated WACC to a risk rate your analysts have assigned to this scenario
Risk Rate Assigned = 5.1%
WACC data needed for calculation:
Cost of Debt = 8%
Desired Mix for weighting (Debt = 40%; Equity = 60%)
Cost of Equity data needed:
Next Annual Dividend = $2
Current Stock Market Value = $40
Dividend Growth Factor = 7%

NPV =
IRR =

SCENARIO THREE – Paragraph 6 of Furniture Scenario – adding another product to the finish of the furniture – cost is minimal.
1) Year one projections are the same as the June Actual x 12
2) Year 2 and beyond — Revenues projected at 10% increase per year.
3) Year 2 and beyond — Varriable costs* — increase at the same rate as sales.
4) Year two and beyond — Fixed costs increase at a standard inflation rate of 3% per year.
5) Year two and beyond — Depreciation increases at 5% per year.
6) Capital Expenditures — Initially 500,000; and an additional 50,000 is years two, four, and in year five.

Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Revenue
High-End
Mid-Grade
Total Revenue

Cost of Goods *
High-End
Mid-Grade
Total Cost of Goods

Net Revenue

Labor Wages*
Office Salaries
Benefits *
Supplies
Utilities
Insurance
Property Taxes
Total Operating Expense

Earnings before Taxes & Depr
Depreciation
Earnings before Taxes

Income Taxes (42%)

Net Earnings

Add back Depreciation

Subtract Out Capital Expenditures

TOTAL CASH FLOW FOR ANALYSIS

DISCOUNT RATE to use for calculating the NPV:
Add the calculated WACC to a risk rate your analysts have assigned to this scenario
Risk Rate Assigned = 0%
WACC data needed for calculation:
Cost of Debt = 8%
Desired Mix for weighting (Debt = 40%; Equity = 60%)
Cost of Equity data needed:
Next Annual Dividend = $2
Current Stock Market Value = $40
Dividend Growth Factor = 7%

NPV =
IRR =

Production Data

Direct Cost Total Wood Materials Foam Chem A Chem B Chem C
Flame Retardent (per liter) 10.00 1.50 0.50
Coating (per liter) 25.00 7.50 2.50 15.00
Mid-Grade (per unit) 140.00 80.00 40.00 20.00
High-End (per unit) 250.00 160.00 60.00 30.00

Alternative Coating (per liter) 27.50
Market Price of Flame Retardent (per liter) 10.00

Liters of Flame retardent per year 61
Liters of Coating per year 304

Plant Capacity
Flame Retardent 182
Coating 456
Mid-Grade 5,064
High-End 1,012

biology science – paper on natural resources and energy

biology science – paper on natural resources and energy

biology science – paper on natural resources and energy
Q:Write a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper on natural resources and energy. Include the following: Choose a specific ecosystem, such as a forest, grassland, or a marine or freshwater aquatic ecosystem. • Identify impacts associated with agriculture. • Identify and discuss the effects that a growing human population may have on that ecosystem’s resources, including loss or harm to populations of wild species. • Discuss one management practice for sustainability and conservation of natural resources in that ecosystem. • Identify the risks and benefits of extracting or using one type of nonrenewable and one type of renewable energy resource from that ecosystem, or in areas near that ecosystem. • Assess management practices for sustainability and conservation of natural resources and energy. Include two outside references. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.