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isualization as a co-design

3D visualization as a co-design on the performance of the Apparel Industry

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The apparel industry is the same as the garment, clothing, and fashion industries. The fashion accessories, footwear, and clothing sector includes production, designing, wholesale, and retailing. Fashion, modeling, hairstyling, make-up artistry, photography, and other sub-sections are also included. It is a highly significant industry in the country since it provides income to many people and revenue to the government. The introduction of computerization in the garment sector resulted in design progress, as two and three dimensional visualizations are now utilized in the fabrication of stunning designs. As a result, two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations created with computers have essentially eliminated the real dummy in the apparel sector. In that scenario, many people in the Apparel sector believe that three-dimensional visualization is crucial in the current design of textile components. The study presented here deals with the importance of three-dimensional visualization in the apparel industry and the advancement in fashion technology (Lee, Ahn, Kim, & Kho, 2019).

In the Apparel sector, three-dimensional visualization plays a vital role in product design. The apparel designers utilize three-dimensional modeling to create garments and textiles that look stunning. In this context, they use computer programs to design items that would ultimately be made and worn by people. With this type of designing, they can make sure that their designs will look appealing to others who will wear them (Lee, Ahn, Kim, & Kho, 2019). And due to the huge variety of combinations that can be created using 3D renderings and laser scanners, there are no limitations on what can be made with such techniques.

Using three dimensions sparks innovation in the garment and textile industries, resulting in more pleasurable items that are cheaper, nicer, and more efficient. This is only feasible because of rivalry among the many enterprises in the sector. The rivalry among enterprises benefits the end user since they will be able to obtain cheaper and better items than handcrafted products. The fashion industry has a global orientation and is thus reliant on foreign markets for growth (Choi, 2022). Currently, the sector exhibits a wide range of problems that hinder its development, including the lack of qualified workers, poor infrastructure, and the proliferation of counterfeit products. Also, the nature of this sector requires a lot of innovation and creativity in some areas because all brands have to be unique and different. This innovation, however, requires designers to create garments that are different from what others are doing.

With 3D modeling and 3D visualizing technology being so important in the apparel sector, it must be ensured that quality standards are maintained in this field. Apart from ensuring the quality of machinery and materials, the Apparel sector must see to it that designers have the knowledge and skills needed to carry out their work. For example, they must be able to apply technical skills to create a three-dimensional visualization that is correct and accurate. Also, they must be able to adjust their designs in such a way that after production, they can be easily manufactured. This is essential, since the quality of such garments depends on how well their design was executed by designers. Furthermore, designers should also know all about computer-aided drafting (CAD), in order for them to be able to combine three-dimensional modeling with problems encountered during production (such as garment deformation) (Choi, 2022).

What I have learnt from this article is that 3D modeling is going to be very important for our clothing industry. There are advantages in terms of design, advertising and security. I like the idea of creating a 3D model from one piece of fabric which would result in faster decisions about patterns and designs. This can also help with security because if an item has been measured once it can be reproduced in any size and shape (Sun, Rolling, Howard, & Peek, 2018).

The news of 3D visualization as a co-design on the performance of the Apparel Industry is relevant to the business of apparel today since current designs and design trends are heavily influenced by 3D visualizations. This can be seen in clothing stores as well as online. People are looking for more exciting and more innovative clothing and therefore the design industry is becoming even more creative and interactive.

References

Choi, K. H. (2022). 3D dynamic fashion design development using digital technology and its potential in online platforms. Fashion and Textiles, 9(1), 1-28.

Lee, J., Ahn, J., Kim, J., & Kho, J. M. (2019). Co‐design education based on the changing designer’s role and changing creativity. International journal of art & design education, 38(2), 430-444.

Sun, L., Rolling, V., Howard, L., & Peek, P. (2018, January). Learning in a Multidisciplinary Collaboration: A Case Study of Digital Textile Co-design for Apparel and Interior Designers. In International Textile and Apparel Association Annual Conference Proceedings (Vol. 75, No. 1). Iowa State University Digital Press.

Kinds of Essays

3 Kinds of Essays

When a teacher assigns an essay to his/her students, they should expect much more than just that. There is more to this composition than just a typed page before them, blood, sweat and sometimes tear’s, have gone into some of these essays. There are many types of essays but, I have managed to break it down into three subgroups. There’s the easiest of the three, the one all students wish they could do, when assigned, start working on it and break the essay down to its simplest parts. These are the essays that are of course, done on time if not before hand. The second are not as bad but, stressful; these are for the people that “work better under pressure.” These students tend to pull “all nighter’s” and then print out their paper in the school library. Than there are the “con-artists” that will do the least amount of work possible to get by.

As a student, I always admired the other student’s that could start working on their assignments, as soon as they were assigned. I must have been absent when they taught how to do that in elementary school. To be able to come home from school and, NOT take off your shoes and sit in front of the TV, is a talent. To come home and, just keep on working on school work, amazes me. I am sure it is much easier for these people because, they are still in the school state of mind when they get home. They also have all the time left over to themselves. These students stress levels are much lower than the other two groups of essay writers. It’s not so much the essay itself but, the work that goes into it that goes unseen.

In this case, maybe the lack of work that goes overlooked is better for the student. For the student’s that work better, “under the gun,” they know what they are doing. They are aware of the due date, and are aware of the assignment. These students choose to ignore that fact till they have about 8 hours till class, of course it being 3 o’clock in the morning. These essays sometimes turn out to be your best pieces of work or your worse pieces of crap you’ll ever turn in. It all depends on what time of night it is or, is the morning? It also helps if you have enough change to print it out in the library. The stress keeps these people running, sometimes all the way to the classroom.

The last type of essay has more thought put into it than any of the essays, without having anything written down. These are the essays of a “con-artist” soon to be the salesman of your nearest car dealership. These students will buy enough time to do the least amount of work possible. Unfortunately, these are sometimes some of the brightest kids in the classroom. On the other hand, they are also the stupidest, because if they were so smart, why not just do the work in the first place. Still they are smart enough to see, that it has worked all this time, why stop now. The stress level might seem low on these students but, over time build up. These people are walking stress bombs waiting to go off, always hoping they will make “their due date.”

As a whole, all essays have work put into them. Teachers are not always aware of the thought and, effort put into these papers. Of course, of the three essay types detailed, some have more than others. All essays require a certain amount of stress and feeling from the writer. This should be appreciated, no matter what type of person wrote it. Whether, it is the “good student,” that starts it without thinking twice or, the one who will sacrifice sleep or, the one that will talk his way from an F to a bearable D+, for the marking period. What all these types of essay composers have in common is, they all have the same blood, sweat and, tears being put into their essays with every line.

Bibliography:

L437 (New Edition)

“Membership of the Institutions of the European Union is Incompatible with Parliamentary Sovereignty”

“There is no question of any erosion of essential national sovereignty,” insisted Tory Prime Minister Edward Health. Yet, after the United Kingdom accepted the Treaty of Accession in 1972, 2,900 EU regulations and 410 directives were incorporated into English law. National legislature lost some of its sovereignty as the European Union was given increased powers. These rulings call into doubt the concept of parliamentary sovereignty, which is the cornerstone of the British legal system and helps to guarantee that parliament retains control. These concerns are not ill-founded. EU membership imposes a number of laws and ensures EU laws trump national laws, mainly where conflict arises, posing the most significant challenge to parliamentary sovereignty and raising the problem of incompatibility.

A correlation between EU Supremacy and EU membership ensures these two institutions operate in tandem with European Union Community and national laws. EU law predominates in areas where member states have chosen to delegate authority to the EU. It is crucial to keep in mind that only in cases where EU member states have chosen to delegate authority to the EU does EU law predominate. These include the infrastructure, environmental regulations, and the common market, among other things, but remain irrelevant regarding social policy and taxes.

Unlike many other EU nations, concerns about political unification are more common in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom lacks a codified constitution that outlines the scope of the government’s authority. Laws may be modified at any time, treaties can be broken, and EU membership is never really binding. The only thing that restricts Parliament’s power is the sovereignty of future legislatures. A Person or organization cannot use English law to invalidate or overturn a law created by Parliament since Parliament has the sovereign authority to pass or alter any legislation at any moment. The immutable concept of Parliamentary Sovereignty naturally contradicts the EU Supremacy and EU membership.

The direct applicability of EU laws thwarts the sovereignty of parliaments. Article 288 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union states that treaty provisions and regulations are deemed “directly applicable.” They immediately become a part of national law due to the member states’ participation in the EU. They do not need the adoption of any enabling legislation by the member states. This suggests that the member countries do not need to pass any enabling legislation.

All immediately applicable European legislations are incorporated in the body of UK national law, leaving UK Parliament with no selective compliance. A “directly applicable law” is a piece of European law that applies directly to the legal system of a Member State without the need for further legislation. Consequently, any rights or duties established by the treaty must have an immediate legal force in England. This contradicts the constitutional concept of parliamentary sovereignty since directly applicable European legislation is instantaneously merged into the national law in the United Kingdom without the need for Parliament to adopt or reject the measure. If directly applicable Community law, such as a rule or provision of a Treaty Article, and domestic law, such as legislation, are in conflict, there is a danger of misunderstanding. Because paragraph (1) of section 2 clearly states that directly applicable legislation becomes an instant part of national law, Community law will take precedence over UK national law. Given that Parliament in the United Kingdom is obligated to approve immediately relevant European Union legislation, one may argue that Parliament is no longer the supreme authority for making laws.

Nonetheless, the EU’s supremacy in legislative matters is not always acknowledged, and not all EU legal acts are “directly applicable.” For instance, directives do not supersede until they have been implemented into national law and are relevant. Directive rules need new legislation from each member state in order to implement EU directives into their own national legal systems. For example, the UK made the Re-use of Public Sector Information Regulations 2015 (No. 1415) to implement the EU Directive on the re-use of public sector information. Although the indirect applicability of directives left the UK with autonomy to some extent, the UK still needed to implement the directives in the time frame given by the EU, or the Court of Justice of the European Union would intervene.

European Court of Justice eroded parliamentary sovereignty, primarily when the conflict between community and national law arose. Parliamentary sovereignty is a crucial idea in the British Constitution, granting Parliament supreme legislative authority. This concept serves as the basis for the judicial system as well. However, when national and EU laws disagreed, EU legislation had more weight. The legal proceedings involving Factortame that occurred in 1990 and 1991 explicitly established that the European Community law prevailed against the Merchant Shipping Act of 1988. When legal conflicts between national and EU laws occurred, the UK was obligated to amend its domestic legislation to conform to the EU norm. The concept of the primacy of EU law mandates that EU law take precedence. This concept is often called “precedence.” If this were not the case, when there is a dispute between a component of EU law and a part of the law of a member country (national law), EU member states might simply allow their national laws to take priority over main or secondary EU legislation, making it impossible to implement EU policy.

European Community law is fundamentally incompatible with parliamentary sovereignty. When European Community law and domestic law clash, European Community law is more important and takes precedence. This essentially violates the notion of sovereignty since Parliament is no longer the ultimate lawmaking body, and some aspects of Community law may reverse its decisions and influence the legislative process. The term emphasizes the supremacy of European law over national law, even where the two are incongruous. Alternatively, it is essential that European law continue to take precedence over federal law to ensure consistency across the Community and form a single market. Individual member states of the European Union giving their own national laws precedence over European Community law would be detrimental to the legal standing of the Community as a whole and may threaten its very existence. In the judgment supported by a 1979 ruling of the European Court of Justice in Hauer v. Land Rhineland-Pfalz, the court found that subordinating Community law to national law would eventually undermine the creation of a coherent single market leading to the disintegration of the Common Market.

Additionally, in the case of Van Gend en Loos v. Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen (Case 26/62), the European Court of Justice declared that laws adopted by EU member states must be integrated into national legal frameworks in order to be implemented. This decision was issued in response to the allegation that the legislation must be included into the legal frameworks of EU member states. As a result, European Union law has taken precedence over national legislation. All national legislation, regardless of when it was enacted in reference to the relevant EU rules, must be brought into accordance with the supremacy of EU law. The concept of primacy seeks to ensure that all European Union (EU) members give the same level of protection in line with EU legislation. This is due to the fact that EU legislation is now seen as surpassing national law.

As Britain entered the European Union voluntarily and retained the legal ability to withdraw at any moment, the country’s parliament arguably maintained supremacy and sovereignty to some extent. As shown by Brexit, Parliament held its sovereign status as the institution with the most authority without dispute. However, although the EU referendum voting gives the British parliament complete control over domestic policy again, it crystalizes the sovereignty of collective decisions rather than the sovereignty of parliament. Also, given that Parliament does not have selective compliance with EU laws and EU laws trump UK national laws, it is very improbable to incorporate Parliamentary Sovereignty and EU Supremacy. UK participation in the EU directly and profoundly impacted the constitutional principle of parliamentary sovereignty. No longer could Parliament be considered the supreme legal power, capable of passing or rescinding any legislation at will. In addition, laws need to be consistent with various aspects of Community law; this lessens sovereignty while highlighting the preeminence of Community law and the incompatibility of two sovereign institutions governing the UK and the European Union Community.

British Parliament lost sovereignty during the 47 years of EU membership, and it still has a long way to go. As a result of the resettlement, Parliament will be asked to make decisions on broad-ranging issues like foreign and defense policy, controlling immigration and its impact on the labor market, the rights of EU citizens currently residing in the UK and UK citizens living in the other EU 27 countries, and the future of trade relations between the UK and the EU. Health’s phrase has been proved wrong, but Parliament still has a long way to go.

Bibliography

Brack, Nathalie, Ramona Coman, and Amandine Crespy. “Unpacking old and new conflicts of sovereignty in the European polity.” Journal of European Integration 41, no. 7 (2019): 817-832.

Connolly, Christopher K. “Independence in Europe: secession, sovereignty, and the European Union.” Duke J. Comp. & Int’l L. 24 (2013): 51.

Egeberg, Morten, and Jarle Trondal. “Why strong coordination at one level of government is incompatible with strong coordination across levels (and how to live with it): The case of the European Union.” Public Administration 94, no. 3 (2016): 579-592.

Elliott, Mark. “United Kingdom: Parliamentary sovereignty under pressure.” Int’l J. Const. L. 2 (2004): 545.

Ene, Marilena. “Van Gend en Loos Case.” Tax Mag. (2021): 304.

Ewing, Keith. “Brexit and parliamentary sovereignty.” The Modern Law Review 80, no. 4 (2017): 711-726.

Gordon, Michael. “The UK’s Sovereignty Situation: Brexit, Bewilderment and Beyond….” King’s Law Journal 27, no. 3 (2016): 333-343.

Heppell, Timothy, Andrew Crines, and David Jeffery. “The United Kingdom referendum on European Union membership: The voting of conservative parliamentarians.” JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 55, no. 4 (2017): 762-778.

Otjes, Simon, and Harmen Van Der Veer. “The Eurozone crisis and the European Parliament’s changing lines of conflict.” European Union Politics 17, no. 2 (2016): 242-261.

Trindade, F. A. “Parliamentary Sovereignty and the Primacy of European Community Law.” Mod. L. Rev. 35 (1972): 375.

“The Re-Use of Public Sector Information Regulations 2015.” Legislation.gov.uk. Queen’s Printer of Acts of Parliament, January 10, 2017. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2015/1415/contents/made.

Sorry about some of the funny formatting. Most of it is extra symbols (I have no idea why they are there and they don’t go a

 Sorry about some of the funny formatting.  Most of it is extra symbols (I have no idea why they are there and they don’t go away)

 

pH LAB

Red cabbage extract can indicate whether a substance is an acid (like vinegar) or a base (like ammonia). It can also show how strong an acid or a base a substance is. Chemists use the pH scale to express how acidic (like an acid) or basic (like a base) a substance is. A pH value below 7 means that a substance is acidic, and the smaller the number, the more acidic it is. A pH value above 7 means that a substance is basic, and the larger the number, the more basic it is. Red cabbage extract has different colors at different pH values. Acids are materials that have certain properties in common. Bases (also called alkalis) are other substances with a different set of properties. In these experiments, you will investigate some of these properties with materials that are found around your home. In addition, you will learn how chemists use the pH scale to describe acids and bases. Materials ListpH paperred cabbage ammonia vinegar Lemon juiceBaking sodaCans of veggies or fruits (look for fewest ingredients added)straws water beaker/colorless glasses/glass measuring cups teaspoontablespoonstirring rod strainer

 

PART 1:� Make the indicatorBoil the red cabbage in a beaker or pan of water until the color has been well extracted. More specifically, To make red cabbage indicator first cut the cabbage into quarters and grate into pot. Cover the cabbage with enough water and boil for approximately 5 minutes. Strain the indicator into three equal portions.Alternative method:� Place about 500 milliliters (2 cups) of red cabbage cut into 2.5-centimeter (1-inch) cubes into a blender or food processor. Add about 250 milliliters (1 cup) of water and blend the mixture until the cabbage has been chopped into uniformly tiny pieces. Strain the mixture by pouring it through a sieve.� Divide into three equal portions.

 

PART 2:� Test the indicatorSince red cabbage extract is an acid-base indicator, it should change color as pH conditions change.� To one portion of the indicator perform the following:1.      �Add a few drops of dilute ammonia. Indicator should turn green. 2.�� Using a straw, blow into the indicator solution until the green color turns blue. 3.�� Add a few drops of dilute vinegar….solution should turn pink.

 

PART 3:� Set up references (standards)The second portion of the red-cabbage extract will be used for exploring acids and bases. Examine the label of a bottle of white vinegar. The label probably says that it contains acetic acid. This indicates that vinegar is an acid and has properties of an acid. Let’s see what effect an acid has on the color of the red cabbage extract. Pour 125 milliliters (� cup) of vinegar into a labeled colorless drinking glass. Add 5 milliliters (1 teaspoon) of red cabbage extract, stir the mixture, and note its color. What is the color of the mixture? (Write your answer below.) Red

Red

The color of the cabbage extract with vinegar is the color the extract has when it is mixed with an acid. Save the mixture in this glass to use as a reference in part 4. Now examine the effect of laundry ammonia on the color of red cabbage. Pour 125 milliliters (� cup) of laundry ammonia into another labeled colorless drinking glass. Add 5 milliliters (1 teaspoon) of red cabbage extract and stir the mixture. Write the color of this below. Yellow

Yellow

Laundry ammonia is a base (alkali). The color of this mixture is the color of cabbage extract when it is mixed with a base. The color of cabbage extract indicates whether something mixed with it is an acid or a base. Cabbage extract can be called an acid-base indicator. Save the mixture in this second glass to use as a reference in part 4. Now test the properties of a solid, baking soda. Place 5 cubic centimeters (1 teaspoon) of baking soda in a labeled glass and add 125 milliliters (� cup) of water. Stir the mixture until the baking soda has dissolved. Then, add 5 milliliters (1 teaspoon) of red cabbage extract to the solution. Write the color of the mixture below. Green

Green

The color obtained with baking soda is different from the color obtained with vinegar and from the color obtained with ammonia. �Save for use as a reference in part 4.These colors and approximate pH values are:

approximate pH: 2 4 6 8 10 12

color of extract: red purple violet blue blue-green green

Based on this information, what is the approximate pH of vinegar? 4 What is the approximate pH of ammonia? 2 What is the approximate pH of the baking soda mixture? 6

 

PART 4:� Determine pH of household itemsUse the instructions for testing vinegar and ammonia to test the pH of several other nearly colorless liquids, such as lemon-lime soft drink (Sprite or 7-Up) and lemon juice. Record your observations. Liquids that are white, such as milk, can be tested in the same way. You can also test solids that dissolve in water by following the instructions for baking soda. This will also work with viscous liquids such as liquid detergents. Test other substances around the house, such as sugar, table salt, shampoo, hair rinse, milk of magnesia, antacid tablets, and aspirin.

CAUTION: Some household products can cause skin irritations. Do not allow these to contact skin; rinse thoroughly with water if they do.

 

Part 5:� titrationLAB: Acidity of Food  INTRODUCTION: Commercial canning of food involves the sterilization and cooking of the food by pressure-cooking at a temperature of 250� F. The food is then sealed in cans. Today, people are also canning their own food at home. One major factor that determines the temperature needed to kill bacteria is the amount of acid present in the food because bacteria grow well in low-acid foods, such as green beans. This is a major problem for home canners, since a bacteria called botulinum is extremely harmful to humans. In fact, even a small amount as that in a single bean can kill an adult. These bacteria exist as spores, which are resistant to heat and therefore require an increased boiling time in order to sterilize the beans. In this experiment, the acidity of canned foods is measured using a red cabbage juice indicator. This indicator acts like litmus paper and indicates the pH of a solution quickly, but less precisely than a pH meter. The red cabbage indicator is called an acid-base indicator, which is a colored substance that can exist in either an acid or a base form. The two forms are different colors. The red cabbage juice exists normally as a purple solution. It can react and change color when in contact with acids to pink and with bases to green. Titration is the progressive addition of a solution (the titrant) usually from a graduated tube called a burette to a known volume or mass of a second solution or substance until the end-point.� The end-point is indicated by a color change of an added indicator or by some other detectable change, is reached. PURPOSE: To measure the acidity in canned fruits and vegetables by the method of titration using red cabbage juice indicator. PROCEDURE:

Create controls showing the endpoint colors of the indicator by placing 25 mL lemon juice in one 100 mL beaker and add enough indicator to get the color to change to pink. Count and record the number of teaspoons of indicator added.

Repeat step 2. with the baking soda to produce a color change of purple to green. Count and record the number of teaspoons of indicator added.

For each type of canned fruit/vegetable place 2 tablespoons of the red cabbage indicator in a 100 mL beaker.

In each beaker add the juice from the canned food one teaspoon at a time. Count and record the number of teaspoons added until there is a color change (end-point of the indicator).

OBSERVATIONS: Rank the fruits and vegetables according to acidity, from most acidic to least acidic. Differences could be caused by the presence of flavoring and other juices added during the canning process. You should check the labels of the fruits/vegetables for these additives. �Record any here.� Acids often end with ate (Ex: benzoate).    Below is a list of common items that have been organized in order of decreasing hydrogen ion concentration and increasing pH.  

[H+] pH Substance

1.0 x 10-1 1.0 battery acid

1.0 x 10-2 2.0 lemon juice

6.3 x 10-3 2.2 vinegar

1.0 x 10-3 3.0 apples

3.2 x 10-4 3.5 soft drink

1.0 x 10-4 4.0 wine

3.2 x 10-5 4.5 tomatoes

2.5 x 10-6 5.6 unpolluted rainwater

2.5 x 10-7 6.6 milk

1.0 x 10-7 7.0 pure water

4.0 x 10-8 7.4 human blood

5.0 x 10-9 8.3 baking soda solution

4.0 x 10-9 8.4 sea water

3.2 x 10-11 10.5 milk of magnesia

1.0 x 10-11 11.0 household ammonia

4.0 x 10-13 12.4 lime

1.0 x 10-13 13.0 lye

     

  LAB REPORT:1.      �Include a picture of your standards with you in the picture.2.      Make a table including the material tested, the extract color, the corresponding observed pH, and the expected pH (may have to look up).� Three of the items will also have results from the pH paper.� Include both household items and canned food.� Comment on the results.� 3.      Submit to the dropbox.

Material Extract color pH

. Sugar . Purple . 7

. Salt . Purple .67777

. Milk of magnesia . Green . 10.5

. Antacid Tablets . Blue . 9

. Asprin. Pink . 4

. Milk . Violet . 6

Toothpaste Green 10

Household Ammonia Yellow 12

Pure water Purple 7

Tomato Juice Pink 4

Lemon Juice Red 2

Canned beets Pink 5

Canned Corn Pink 6

living with children

 Living with children

Name

Institution

One of the few situations whereby virtue is rewarded is living with children. However, much it may sound weird, all parents who, usually, thinks the best for their children before anything else have an easy life compared to others. Many researchers agree that consistent, loving care, as well as a high level of stimulation, is essential ingredients that are required in optimal child development.

There are parents, especially mothers who are oppressed by the repetitive task of taking care of their young ones, and the constant chat of toddlers. This way, they get less pleasure in the present moment though it will be compensated in the future when the child grows. Anyone with a young child is aware of the fact that it is not a displeasure bringing the child up as after a while the child will be a grown up.

Self-Introduction Based on a Personal Object

 ASSIGNMENT INFORMATION

Due Date

Sunday, September 6, 202011:59 PM

Points Possible

75

Self-Introduction Based on a Personal Object: In the academic environment, you are often required to introduce yourself to a body of people. The purpose for an introduction may vary; you might be required to introduce yourself to network with other students, or share your experience about a particular subject/topic. Introduction speeches can be formal or informal.Your self-introduction speech should include:

An effective, overarching theme with logical main points (which includes a personal object as a visual aid)

An interesting “hook” that provides a preview of specific main points

Smooth transitions between sections of your speech (“First,” “Second,” “In conclusion,” etc.)

A summary of your key points at the end

What should you talk about?

Talk about a particular aspect of your life or personality that describes something about who you are. Examples include a hobby, the ways you like to spend your free time, your career goals, your favorite subject, or your family.

Choose only one topic to discuss. For instance, your speech could be about your hobby as a marathon runner.

Stick to your chosen topic and do not introduce additional topics into your speech. Then choose two or three supporting points and a personal object as a visual aid that allow you to go into more detail about that aspect of who you are.

Remember this rule of public speaking. Every speech, including this one, should have:

An introduction: “Hi my name is ______. Marathon running is a lot like being in school. It’s an endurance race.”

A body (with two or three main points): training for marathons (what it entails, how far do you run, how often), marathons you have run (locations, your time)

A conclusion: “Think of school as a marathon sport and keep up the pace. And if you ever want to go for a run, let me know!”

Delivery: You may extemporaneously glance at your notes or speaking outline, but do not read.

Time: 3 to 5 minutes

Your speech should be between 3 and 5 minutes long.

Practice your speech to ensure it meets the time guidelines.

Due: Sunday, 11:59 p.m. (Pacific time)Points Possible: 75

Negotiable instrument

 

Negotiable instrument

Student’s name

Affiliations

Course

Date

A negotiable instrument is a financial document that guarantees direct payment of a detailed amount of money, either on demand with the payers name on it. It is a document that consists of contract promising money payment without any condition that may be paid on a certain date or anytime. This document could be meaning differently depending on which ever law it is being applied for instance bills of exchange, promissory notes, bank checks/notes, certificate of deposits and cheques (Cocker, 2001).

In this article a single party promises the other to give money or goods to another party who is named as the bearer. For instance a check that has been written under a person’s bank account is a negotiable instrument. They are used by business and are therefore known as commercial papers. When an instrument is being negotiated it means the possession can be transferred either voluntarily or involuntarily by the issuer to another person who will then become the holder. When the instrument is to be paid to the identified person, then the negotiation will require a transfer of possession as well as its endorsement by that current holder. On the other hand, when it is payable to the bearer, it can only be negotiated through the transfer of possession.

This paper studies a journal article case of a negotiable instrument being transferred to a third party. The case involves (Swift v. Tyson) where Swift has a legal dispute of negotiable instruments over the law. The issue was whether the bearer could have assigned the bill of exchange to a third party who would have later collected on the obligation. This bill of exchange was drawn in New York and a third party thus the assignee presented it for payment and it was denied. The third party was not a New York resident but he sued in New York for payment. The law held that the bill of exchange was not to be assigned and the judge ruled consequently. The rulings caused implications to the national economy. When on appeal the Supreme Court over tuned the ruling through interpretation of the federal rules decision act section 34 of the judiciary act of 1789 (1 Stat. 73). Initially the law provided that laws from several states could be regarded as rules of decision in trials at common law in United States courts where they applied.

The doctrine of Swift v. Tyson contributes to the development of national economy and encouraged multistate transactions. Businesses were now able to assign commercial papers without fear that a state would nullify their assignment. Most got furious about the overturning of the ruling by the federal common law. The doctrine of Swift led to situations which the substantive laws were useful to litigants and was determined by the fortuity of their residence. The two cases had differed in legal rights since the plaintiff and the defendant were not from the same states. During a drastic shift from Swift, the federal district courts occasionally pass on questions to state supreme courts, to ask for a ruling on what the state law is on a particular subject (Swift v. Tyson).

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References

Coker, C. (2001). Steamfitters Local Union No. 420 Welfare Fund v. Philip Morris: Is Swift v.

Tyson Dead?” American Journal of Trial Advocacy, 420 (25).

“Swift v. Tyson.” West’s Encyclopedia of American Law. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 3 Dec. 2014 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

News Media Bias

 

 

News Media Bias

 

 

 

Student’s name

Institution

Course

Tutor

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The media is a significant and influential aspect of American life. Millions of Americans watch television to get the latest news. They create ideas on certain subjects based on what they see, hear, and read in the media. The media’s involvement in politics is extremely essential since it has the ability to make or break a politician. They have the ability to demonize a candidate or make him or her likable (Hamborg et al 2019). The public’s interest in politics is influenced by mass media networks giving them what they want them to see. Even if a campaign has numerous concerns, the media will focus on the one they believe is the most essential, while other issues may be entirely disregarded.

Bias in the Media Since its inception, the media has prompted a plethora of variables while also conveying conflict and peace. Because it no longer provides entire records, they have influenced residents’ beliefs and political understanding. Their coverage has an impact on how Americans view the world and what they value most. The media should be monitored by both voters and legislators. Democracy necessitates residents’ knowledge in order for them to be able to make informed voting decisions.

The media can add to this process of information and education by delivering a neutral fact in both major events of the day. When reliable, the media can give American culture a more unified presence. News stories and the media bias comes from varied parts; however, the onus gets to be on the person interpreting news to understand what they are reading at any provided time inside their life. In truth, journalism has performed a pivotal function in shaping public opinion particularly in matters of conflict and peace between nations across countries as well as civil wars, conflicts or even violence in some areas within nations (Hamborg et al 2019).

The media and journalism have helped set up reliable and badly reliable news sites. An illustration of this would be Fox News or CNN, which are considered as left or right winged and dependable or not dependable depending on the viewer’s ideological beliefs. The media is also blamed for being biased as each outlet has its specific way of approaching information. For instance, “Time” has been recognized to favor whomever they predict will win an election while “Newsweek” is suspected to be favorable to Democrats (Gearhart et al 2020). The media are also said to be biased because they are owned by a group of people with a history and future motivation. It is by now acknowledged that media corruption is widespread if not universal and comes from various parts.

The business of journalism has changed a lot in the last few years. The traditional model of advertisers, distributors and consumers no longer exists. News outlets now interact with social media via Facebook, Twitter and other platforms to increase their audience by means of a blog post or through a tweet that gains attention. The fan base they build on social media also influences their ability to get advertising dollars which certainly influences content to be produced (Galpin, & Trenz, 2019). Companies are looking at information distribution as a way to expand into new markets or stay relevant in client’s minds by creating articles that include original content about interesting stories about newsworthy events and personalities

Progressive-liberal principles are a subset of liberal ideals that advocate for government control of private institutions to solve social problems. Conservative principles include prioritizing ideas and values over personal ambition, flaws, anxiety, and regret. It emphasizes the importance of individuals having the freedom to make their own decisions without being controlled by the government (Gearhart et al 2020). Liberal leanings are leaning toward the traditional view of a more active government, while conservative leanings are more focused on the power of the individual.

In terms of polarization, liberal media is more inclined to portray negativity towards conservatives and positive depictions of progressives who form a political majority. Conversely, conservative media tends to be more positive towards conservatives and negative about progressives who do not hold the same values as them. While both liberal and conservative media outlets have a slight bias in their reporting, both sides have been known to use sound bites from their opponents to make them look bad (Rindermann et al 2020). However, when it comes down to what side has the best points and arguments there is no definite answer as every situation is different from other situations.

Several obstacles and biases limit human values and form a barrier to change. A few are traditional pursuits, such as where women are not allowed to pursue higher education in some societies. It is not accepted by the media, and the media demonstrates that it is contrary to human values and should be removed by exposing reality and consequences. Protests inside the media against child marriage, child labor, religious discrimination, and social inequality are all violations of human rights that must be addressed. Further, it declares that the societies are not tolerating these issues and they are responding to media reports which is showing the need to change. Society has become aware of the challenges and values that create barriers to change and media helps them in engaging other communities.

Media can influence people in many ways. For example, if a news reporter says there is a war going on at the moment, then people are more likely to believe this than if a person tells them about it. Media provides the public with information about world events which might be interesting, important and necessary. So people are only being made aware of the big news by media (Rindermann et al 2020). Articles by journalists have a level of authority. In fact, in many cases, one cannot find out important facts about a particular matter if it is not reported or written by a journalist.

Considering the case of ALF-CIO President Richard Trumka. The president has a history of committing human rights violations. This included incitements that resulted in persons being killed. However, the media ignored the news and did not cover the events as they unfolded. Instead, it reported after the news had been stopped at the request of Trumka. This did not give room for other people to pursue justice. The media has always presented Trumka as a saviour. It is his duty to represent workers’ rights but in this case, he has failed. This has raised concern of an evil and unjust leader (Galpin, & Trenz, 2019). The media should maintain their neutrality and establish themselves as having integrity in their work. The news is then manipulated, and the public is robbed of having access to a better quality of life.

Media can be influenced by social, technological and economic changes. The early media were in the hands of governments and this limited to what they could broadcast. This changed as the first technological advancements were made. Nowadays there are many forms of media which are open to public. This is done to keep some of the government’s wrongful actions from reaching the public (Rindermann et al 2020). They are restricted in terms of intimidation and a slew of chores when licensing. As a result, the public is denied the right to information, which is critical for a thriving country.

According to study, the majority of Americans citizens still have little trust in the media to convey accurate and timely news. This arose due to the decision by the president to ban some media houses from White house events. The main reason for this claim is that the president does not want any news that is not as favorable to his decisions.

References

Galpin, C., & Trenz, H. J. (2019). In the Shadow of Brexit: The 2019 European Parliament Elections as First‐Order Polity Elections?. The Political Quarterly, 90(4), 664-671.

Gearhart, S., Moe, A., & Zhang, B. (2020). Hostile media bias on social media: Testing the effect of user comments on perceptions of news bias and credibility. Human behavior and emerging technologies, 2(2), 140-148.

Hamborg, F., Donnay, K., & Gipp, B. (2019). Automated identification of media bias in news articles: an interdisciplinary literature review. International Journal on Digital Libraries, 20(4), 391-415.

Rindermann, H., Becker, D., & Coyle, T. R. (2020). Survey of expert opinion on intelligence: Intelligence research, experts’ background, controversial issues, and the media. Intelligence, 78, 101406.

Travell- A Visit to Miami

A Visit to MiamiTravelling together with friends was a dream for me. Each summer I travel with my family and I really have a fantastic time. However, as a teenager I was looking for something else. I wanted to spend more time travelling with friends than family members. This is because my friends were very interesting and I enjoyed myself more travelling alongside them. I also learnt a lot by being around them. My dream to travel with my friends grew day by day and the impatience grew by the day. Finally, my parents agreed to my constant nagging and permitted me to spend my spring break with my friends in order to make me feel a little bit independent. To me, this was a dream come true and I was so elated about it. They also thought this was going to be a reminiscing and exhilarating experience in my life and also an opportunity to learn about other people’s cultures and lifestyles.

My four friends together with I finally met and decided on a suitable location to travel to and spend the spring break. I can still vividly recall the events that unfolded on that day. We met on a Sunday evening and sat around Ameraus dolphin-shaped pool. Edith was the most beautiful and scintillating girl amongst us and she wanted us to spend the spring break in a serene, interesting and secure location. She suggested that we travel to Paris and kept convincing us to accept her suggestion. Nonetheless, none of us agreed to his suggestion. The rest of us felt we needed an interesting and lively location where girls could have the best of all manner of fun and as such, Paris was not the best option. Based on our previous knowledge of Paris, we generally felt it was more of a formal set up and could not offer us the fun we anticipated during the vacation.

Sara, who was commonly known to be nerd girl amongst us, then suggested that we should visit Greece. To her, this was a good opportunity to visit their homeland. She tried convincing and nagging the rest of us to accept his suggestion but none of us could swallow the bait. We though going to Greek to learn their culture, spend time in museums and libraries and travel around were not the best kind of fun we wanted. After a rather boring evening full of disappointments and disagreements, an idea finally struck my head and I asked, “What about Miami?” Luckily, I did not get any opposition from my friends as they all unanimously backed up my idea. I was very excited since we were a few steps away from setting out to go to the trip. However, a lot still had to be done.

Preparing for a trip became more challenging than we had previously anticipated. We spent quite a considerable amount of time learning about Miami, the scenes and places we would visit and the kind of inhabitants. Surprisingly, I even experienced challenges choosing the most suitable items to carry in my bag while I was packing. I carried enough clothing, swimming costumes, hats, camera, and shoes. I however had some hurdles choosing the best clothing based on the weather we were likely to experience once we arrived there. I really waited for this day to come. I became more nervous and impatient as the days dragged.

The long awaited day finally came. It was Thursday 20th of March, 2011. Every detail of the events that took place on that day is still fresh in my mind. We were all gathered at the airport waiting for our flight in Qatar Airways. Our families escorted us to the airport to see us off. I could sense some level of sadness in my parents as we waited for the flight to arrive. The departure time finally came and we couldn’t hold our tears of joy. We hugged our families goodbye and boarded the plane. Amina sat on a large comfortable seat in the first class while the rest of us sat in the economy class. The economy class was much cheaper for the rest of us who wanted to save money in order to spend more in Florida. As the journey progressed, I was unable to get my mind off the anticipations I had of Miami. I had huge expectations of the place and the people there. After seventeen hours of flight, we finally landed at Miami International Airport.

We got our luggage, alighted from the plane and boarded a taxi to a hotel where we purposed to reside throughout the vacation period. It really loved the sunny weather of Miami and the site of people walking around. The ladies and gentlemen in the region were so nice, welcoming and very friendly. They were approachable anytime and anywhere in case someone needed any form of assistance. In addition, they were so beautiful and almost resembled the models on the cover pages of magazines. Before we could get to our hotel, we dropped Amina in her luxury hotel which was Fountain Blue Hotel in South Coast then proceeded to our hotel in North Beach which was a little bit cheaper.

Miami proved to be more beautiful than we had ever imagined. We had a nice time filled with fun. Every morning we could wake up, go to the beach and enjoy the sun while taking part in almost all the activities one could find interesting such as jet skiing, banana boat which was rather scary but fun and enjoyable. At night we could extend the fun by going out and partying. As a matter of fact, we never went home before sunset. We had just two or three hours of sleep daily. Fatima, who was our photographer, never missed a moment without finding something to capture. To me, this was like a day dream and I never wanted to wake up from the sleep.

Two days before going back to Saudi Arabia, we decided to go to go to downtown to have a once in a life time experience of the ultra-music there. This was an event that only took part once every year and we felt lucky that in 2001 it took part while we were visiting. Despite not having had tickets, we tried our best to obtain them at the last minute and luckily got a chance to attend the event. The event was full of fun. The people who attended were very many and quite a number of them looked like gangsters and mafias, and this really made me scared. Nonetheless, we decided to have fun despite the fear that raged all over us. On various occasions, they could try to bother us and my friend Amina decided to ignore them and concentrate on having fun. This was indeed a good and mature attitude considering we were visitors. She kept saying that we could get quite some handsome and nice guys during the event. Nevertheless, we all agreed to just have fun and club all night.

Our vacation finally came to an end and we headed back to Saudi Arabia. It was a felt very sad leaving Miami. The fun, the pleasant people, the good weather, the good food, the beaches, the beautiful sceneries, and the hotels finally came to an end. Acrimony and pain of leaving all these got the better of me and at some point I could not hold my tears. This was one of the best experiences I have ever had in my life. I had an opportunity to spend time travelling with my friends and that automatically was a dream come true for me. I also had a chance to learn about the culture of people in Miami through their lifestyle and their museums. I also learned to be independent, manage my affairs and make sound decisions while in the absence of my caring parents.

In addition, the vacation gave me a chance to integrate very well with my friend. I had an opportunity to learn more about them and that strengthened our friendship. I was able to understand them well and came to accept each of them with their unique differences. The happenings of the vacation brought a significant turning point in my life. Up to date, I am able to live with other people, accept them as they are and appreciate the uniqueness that everyone holds just because of the lessons I learned during the vacation. I can now be able to live in any country and with people of different culture and still relate with them cordially and in a friendly manner.

INTRODUCTION (3)

A TEMPLATE FOR WRITING AN ESSAY INTRODUCTION:

1 – GENERAL STATEMENT: This is a statement that gives context to your paper and eases your reader into the subject. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

2 – THESIS STATEMENT: This is the main focus of your essay and should be as specific as possible. What will you be discussing? What will you be arguing? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

3 – ORGANIZATIONAL STATEMENT: This statement introduces the points you will be making to support your thesis. The order you write them in here should mirror the order they are discussed in in your body paragraphs. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ BODY: This is the bulk of your essay. The body of an essay should be composed of the points you use to support your thesis statement. Each point (or subtopic) should be separated into its own paragraph. POINT #1: (Repeat for subsequent points) 1- Topic sentence: Introduces what your paragraph will be about _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

2- Examples/research/evidence that will be used to explore the idea _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

3. Analysis of example/research/evidence—explain how this proves or backs up your thesis/topic sentence _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

4- Concluding sentence: this should end the paragraph by tying the point back to the thesis statement and lead into the next point. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ CONCLUSION (WRAP IT UP!): 1- Summarize the main points of your essay and re-state your thesis _________________________________________________________________________________