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We must first determine whether alleviation is even needed.

Assessment

We must first determine whether alleviation is even needed.The extent of the person’s negative effects can be determined if we have a better understanding of the individual’s symptoms and how they influence their day-to-day activities. Determining the most effective treatment, assuming that one is required,is the second purpose for participating in clinical assessment. There are numerous treatment alternatives, and you will find out in this module later.Examples of these treatments includes; cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychopharmacology, cognitive and, family, psychodynamic, and humanistic-experiential therapy and behavior therapy. Naturally, for any mental illness,some of the above mentioned treatments will be of more use than the rest.It doesn’t quarantee than one will be effective for every client even if several therapies are successful. In determining this,assessment can help.Last but not least, we must determine whether our treatment was effective. Before beginning any treatment, measurements will be taken, and after that, measurements will be taken while the treatment is in progress. Later after treatment is finished, we will want to measure to make sure the disorder’s symptoms don’t come back. It will be easier for us to determine when a person’s psychological functioning improves if we know their baselines for various aspects.

Hand scoring data and computer scoring

When performing a computer data entry task, data accuracy is of the utmost importance. Due to the level of care taken when performing a particular task, hand scoring entry can be more accurate than automated data entry. Compared to an automated system, the human data entry operator may be able to identify and correct errors when they are discovered (Welan et al., 2005). Nevertheless, when compared to the existing mode of operation, the amount of manual data entering is more accurate. places a greater emphasis on data accuracy.The hand scoring is carried out by humans who are not perfect at carrying out repetitive task.A person is bound to make mistakes when faced with a tedious assignment as per the nature of humans.

Optical scan scoring

The ease with which a large number of tests can be scored is one of the advantages of using an optical scanner to score them. This makes it easier to grade exams and makes it easier for people who aren’t familiar with the material to give those grades (Segon et al., 2020). The scanner’s sensitivity is one of the drawbacks of using optical scanners. Some scanners may incorrectly score an answer for even the tiniest mark. Which will necessitate a manual scoring exam later? Another drawback of using an optical scanner is that the test’s design must adhere to a clearly defined format for multiple-choice answers. The focus on root memorization in multiple-choice answers is detrimental to students’ long-term development and fails to engage individuals in critical understanding of the material.

When am I licensed with level A will be carrying tests by administering, scoring, and interpreting with the help of the manual and a general.

References

Segon, A., Segon, Y., Kumar, V., & Kato, H. (2020). A qualitative exploration to understand hospitalists’ attitude toward the patient experience scoring system. Journal of patient experience, 7(6), 1036-1043.

Whelan, G. P., Boulet, J. R., McKinley, D. W., Norcini, J. J., Van Zanten, M., Hambleton, R. K., … & Peitzman, S. J. (2005). Scoring standardized patient examinations: lessons learned from the development and administration of the ECFMG Clinical Skills Assessment (CSA®). Medical teacher, 27(3), 200-206.

The world today has turned into a global village, and we are much closer to one another as never before

Assessment 3

(Author’s name)

(Institutional Affiliation)

Table of Contents

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………3

2.0Cultural Considerations ……………………………………………………………………………..3

3.0 Investigating e.g. an individual bonus system using the decision making model..5

3.1 Identifying the Problem ………………………………………………………………………..6

3.2 Generating possible solutions ………………………………………………………………..6

3.3 Evaluating possible courses of action………………………………………………………7

3.4 Implementing and monitoring solutions…………………………………………………..7

4.0Conclusions……………………………………………………………………………………………….8

5.0 Recommendations …………………………………………………………………………………..8

6.0References ………………………………………………………………………………………………..9

Introduction

The world today has turned into a global village, and we are much closer to one another as never before. This is to say that individuals from different ethnicities and cultures find themselves communicating and working together more often. Though this is interesting and exciting, the new trend can also be fraught with numerous uncertainties and it can be frustrating. Difficulties arise from concerns of how individuals from one culture would relate to those from another culture. Communication is different in different cultures and it also brings about difficulties, other cultures have believes and taboos that affect the way the conduct business, and these can also affect the way people from different cultures work and relate to each other (Hofstede, 1980).

This paper is an evaluation of these issues and it will start with part, which explores some of the ways one can identify and evaluate differences in culture and the way they affect a number of management practices, which include leadership, training of employees and decision making. The second part of the paper will be a business research report for the management team, which will indicate how an organization can address the assigned challenge.

Cultural Considerations

Given the increase in the industrial organization globalization and the increase in interdependencies among countries, the need for an improved understanding of influences resulting from cultural diversity on leadership and other management practices, has never been more. The situations that managers must face are increasingly complex, difficult to interpret and constantly changing. More than ever before, international firms’ managers are facing a rapidly changing and hostile international competition. The trends towards the global economic community are clear (Lewis, 2006). Since effective organizational management is essential to the success and furthering of international operations, the industrial globalization of organizations presents many management and organizational challenges. For example, the cultural diversity of employees and the difference in cultures in case of organizational expansion, found in most international organizations presents managers with a considerable challenge concerning the multinational organizations’ design and their management (Lewis, 2006).

As it follows, for a multinational organization and its managers to be successful in achieving goals, the manager has to come up organizational and societal measures of manager and culture attributes that are appropriate to utilize in all cultures. To achieve this, the organization has to come up with several dimensions by which organizational and societal cultures can be assessed or measured. In doing so, an organization or the manager has to come up with several dimensions of cultures that differentiate organizations and societies. This is to mean, with respect to the identified dimensions, there is a high within- organization and within- culture agreement and between- organization and between- culture differentiations (Nancy, 1990).

Another critical question that such an organization should address is about the extent to which certain manager behaviors and attributes are universally implemented as contributing to effective management, and the level to which behaviors and attributes are connected to cultural characteristics. In doing so, a manager can find that cultures can be differentiated based on leader attributes and behaviors that their members implement. The organization can also find high within- culture agreement concerning leader behaviors and attributes that are seen as impediments or contributors of effective management (Nancy, 1990).

In addition to the above, the organization can also address questions on how cultural forces in the society influence the effectiveness and the form of an organization. Other ways of understanding and evaluating cultural diversities and their influences on management practices include employing both qualitative and quantitative methods to provide descriptive and valid accounts of influences derived from culture on organizational and management processes (Miles & Huberman, 1994). Some aspects in quantitative measuring include measurements of organizational culture, societal culture and management behaviors and attributes. On the other hand, interpretations of qualitative cultural factors of local norms, behaviors and practices can be developed using content data analysis on the data derived from focus groups, interviews and published literature. Through these methods, it is possible for an organization and its managers to understand some of the culture factors that affect management effectiveness and management practices (Miles & Huberman, 1994).

Investigating how Failure to include Employees in Decision Making can affect Management Practices

Practices in business are extensions and results of cultures. In most businesses, the management practices are affected by culture and at other times culture even determines policy, structure and even style of management. When managing a business in a domestic operation with a culture that is homogeneous, everyone seems to understand the same cues, speak the same language and have similar values and norms (Harrison, 1993). According to a number of surveys, the role of a manager in America is to solve problems, as opposed to the same role in France, which is taken as the responsibility of an expert. Business has quickly developed internationally and management is no longer limited to the traditional territories, but has gone beyond borders and constantly surpasses and challenges cultural diversity. Therefore, for a business to succeed in the current it has to do away with some of these managerial traditions and include other effective practices that at times confront cultural diversity. In the case of the Omega restaurant, the employees view the manager as the expert, and, therefore, do not expect him to ask for their opinion while making decisions (Adsit, London, Crom & Jones, 1997).

Identifying the Problem

In the case of the Omega restaurant, the Australian manager, who works in a French subsidiary, might be quite ineffective as a manager or a problem solver for the French employees might see the manager as incompetent. On the other hand, the French manager managing an Australian business is considered increasingly directive in his response to the questions directed to him by his employees. On the organizational level, influences of culture direct the behavior, as well as, the structure of different stakeholders. Depending on the business, the response to operating internationally varies from parochial to ethnocentric to synergetic. Excluding the synergetic approach, most corporate cultures do not usually consider the national culture it operates in. the issue in this case is that employees do not expect to be included in decision making, and the manager of the business has overridden cultural norms in France, which allow employees to leave all the decision making to the manager.

Possible Solutions

In the case of the Omega restaurant, the corporate culture and its norms override the national norms in culture of letting the manager make all the essential decisions. However, this universal view of an organizational culture does not do away with influences of culture (Cyert & March, 1963). In fact, the culture in the organization magnifies cross- cultural differences rather than hiding them. Cultural differences in global organizations, therefore, have their greatest influence mainly in teamwork, motivation, negotiations, mergers and acquisitions and in decision-making (Bass, 1983). As it follows, the Omega restaurant can assume three possible solutions to solve their problem. The business can decide to operate under any of the following approaches of decision making; ethnocentric, synergetic or parochial.

Possible Courses of Action

Bartol and colleagues described decision making as the process that managers can use to identify problems affecting their organizations and attempt to solve them. According to these authors, organizational structure is a formal blueprint of coordination and interactions created to connect to the roles of groups and individuals to achieve the aims and goals of an association. The authors, therefore, described the key to decision making as the decentralization and centralization within a business. Centralization is used to describe the extent to which authority and power are retained at top levels of the organization. Decentralization refers to the degree to which authority and power are delegated to the lower organizational levels. Bartol encouraged the decentralized manner of making decisions in an organization (Bartol, Mattin, Tein & Matthews, 2008), which goes hand in hand with the synergetic approach of management. Omega should consider adopting this mannerism of management.

Implementing and Monitoring

Before implementing the course of action, the organization must find the most appropriate model for implementation. One of the most essential models in the rational model, which according to Bartol is a classical approach in the field of decision-making. This model provides an organization with a basis for quantitative economics, statistics and mathematics disciplines. This model can be divided into four steps, investigation, and development of alternatives, evaluation of alternatives and implementation and follow up (Child, 1981).

Conclusions and recommendations

Culture is an essential factor when it comes to management practices and effectiveness. As we have seen above, Omega restaurant is experiencing challenges, as a result, of differences in cultures. These challenges can only be solved if the concerned individuals decide to override their cultural differences, and adopt several solutions such as adopting the synergetic management approach.

References

Adsit, D. J., London, M., Crom, S., & Jones, D. (1997). Cross-cultural differences in upward ratings in a multinational company. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 8, 385 – 401.

Bartol, K., Mattin, D., Tein, M., & Matthews, G. (2008). Management: a Pacific Rim focus. Sydney: McGraw-Hill.

Bass, B.M. (1983). Organizational Decision Making. Illinois: Irwin.

Child, J. (1981). Culture, contingency, and capitalism in the cross-national study of organization. In L. L. Cummings (Ed.), Research in organizational behavior (pp. 303-356).

Cyert, R. M. & March, J.G. (1963). Behavioral theory of the firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Harrison, E.F. (1993). Interdisciplinary models of decision-making. Management Decision, 31, 27-33.

Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences. International differences in work related values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Lewis, R. D. (2006). When cultures collide: Leading across cultures (3rd ed.). Boston: Nicholas Brealey International.

Miles, M.B. & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. California: Thousand Oasks.

Nancy, J. (1990). Adler International Dimensions of Organization Behaviour. Canada: Southwestern.

Introduction Overview of Local Community

Assessment 3: Exploring HSE in Your Community

Name

HOSP509 Hospitable Social Enterprise

Instructor

Date

Introduction: Overview of Local Community

Changsha city is the capital of the Hunan province in China. The city can be describe to be an excellent water channel to the southwestern and southern Hunan. The city is on the south of the Dongting Lake and about 50 kilometers on the Xiang River. The city is a historical town, one associated with the legendary Mao Zedong and other historical Chinese figures. I come from the city, Changsha a vibrant location that boasts of a rich Chinese culture. In 2019, the population of the city of Changsha was estimated to be at 4.6 million people by MacroTrends (2021). The city is alive with innovation and growth. It attracts a lot of attention from the rest of China and its rich history makes it a tourism center. As the world around Changsha changes, there is a need to ensure that the changes affect the people in the city positively. The environment too must remain at the top of every company’s agenda. With this in mind, hospitality social enterprises are working to ensure that people are able to enhance social wealth through the creation of new ventures in an innovative manner.

Assessment of Lacking Support Infrastructure

The focus of the Chinese government, especially in areas that do not contribute a lot to the overall economic development of China in general, is significantly reduced. Government projects and initiatives are more focused on the development and sustenance of industrial China, one that contributes to the GDP of the region and the nation. Traditionally, China has not had HSEs for a long time in comparison to other nations like the UK and the USA (Grant, 2017). As a result the government has not focused fully on such programs. The support for not-for-profit and non-governmental organizations has been lacking in terms of the involvement of the regional and national government. In the COVID-19 pandemic and post-COVID period, communities have struggled significantly requiring the participation of social enterprises to step in and ensure that people are able to reap the benefits of organizations being in their regions. While corporate social responsibility has traditionally sufficed, it can no longer be sufficient for people. Even with the reduced government support for not-for-profit organizations, social enterprises in Changsha should step in to help. The reason for the reduced government involvement is because the Chinese government, at all levels of governance, are yet to see the potential for social enterprises and to recognize these as the next social innovations in linking the business world to social welfare. While the government does not oppose the establishment of social enterprises, it also lacks a strong support framework to ensure that they are well developed and serve their purpose to different communities. Despite positive progress in this field, communities are in dire need of HSEs intervention for socially innovative programs. The decrease in social funding from the Chinese government has created an opportunity for the involvement of the private sector

Hospitality Social Enterprises in Changsha

The Hunan Huazhiyu Catering Co., Ltd. is an organization operating out of Changsha in the hospitality sector. The company focuses on providing social assistance to needy members of the society in the city. Hunan Huazhiyu Catering Co provides services including food assistance, temporary shelters, as well as emergency relief to various vulnerable members of communities in Changsha. The company also partners with other well wishers to support different communities. The target market for Hunan Huazhiyu Catering Co includes vulnerable elderly members of the society, the homeless, the poor, and those unable to fend for their own needs due to various issues including unemployment, disability, and other social limitations. Hunan Huazhiyu Catering Co does not use the traditional non-profit structure but rather employs a market-based structure to fund social impact. In the hospitality sector, social enterprises like the Hunan Huazhiyu Catering Co ensure higher local benefits as opposed to leakage of resources. The company trades for a social purpose, including the provision of services including food assistance, temporary shelters, as well as emergency relief to various vulnerable members of communities in Changsha. Social goals are attained as a part of the income generated through trading. The sustainability issues that the organization faces are especially embedded in the need to maintain a circular economy, one of the best ways to ensure that the benefits from the programs circulate back in a continuous cycle. Another issue it faces includes government action towards ensuring that communities receive social assistance through programs specifically targeting various groups of individuals such as the elderly, the young, vulnerable women, older men who are out of employment, the disabled population, and so on.

The Hunan Dongshan Maohu Shuixiang Resort Co., Ltd. Also follows suit as a social enterprise based in the capital Changsha. It operates in the thriving hospitality sector and uses a social enterprise format to provide social assistance to members of the Changsha community. The organization targets school going children and provides assistance in the form of scholarships and programs that ensure talent development. The company further uses a market-based social enterprise structure to repurpose profits from its core business into the social initiatives. It also relies on well-wishers and donors to ensure continuity of programs and social welfare on different categories. In its various education-related initiatives, the Hunan Dongshan Maohu Shuixiang Resort Co provides food, shelter, rehabilitation, child care, and adoption to disadvantaged groups in the society. It partners with other international firms such as Food for the Poor and Habitat for Humanity. The target market includes education institutions in Changsha with the intention of positively influencing the direction of mentorship and learning. One of the main sustainability issues the company faces is the holistic thinking and action, and element that requires a broader approach to social initiatives. The impact of actions of the sustainable development goals is also a major issue as it works to contribute to positive growth in the larger Hunan province.

References

Changsha, China metro area population 1950-2021. (n.d). MacroTrends| The Long perspective

on Markets. https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/20474/changsha/population

Grant, S. (2017). Social enterprise in New Zealand: an overview. Social Enterprise Journal,

13(4). 410-426. https:/doi.org/10.1108SEJ-09-2017-0046

Hunan Dongshan Maohu Shuixiang Resort Co., Ltd. (n.d). About Available at https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-profiles.hunan_dongshan_maohu_shuixiang_resort_co_ltd.a0a0affe689711ad43aac50531b1fdbc.html

Hunan Huazhiyu Catering Co., Ltd. (n.d) About. Available at

https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-profiles.hunan_huazhiyu_catering_co_ltd.b36505bc6d9914f4aa684038da260d36.html

JOUR-201-Story-4-Final-Draft

asphaltBy FirstName LastNameThe Oceanside City Council voted on Wednesday to approve plans for the 2013-2014 Annual Overlay Project.

The project, which will replace deteriorated asphalt with a thick cap of new asphalt, was quoted at $5 million, 10 percent of which will be paid for with local funds.

City council officials approved the contract in the amount of $3,137,137, which will be authorized by the city manager upon the receipt of all supporting documents associated with project.

Jim Wood, the chair of the Oceanside Public Financing Authority (OPFA), was relieved to approve this contract.

“Some of our streets are in dire need of repairs, and this project will certainly improve our commutes through the city,” he mentioned after the meeting.

The project, which does not yet have a start date, will be repairing sections of seven streets throughout the city. Three of those streets, including El Camino Real, are among the busiest in Oceanside.

When asked if he is concerned with increased traffic on the main streets, Jack Feller did not seem concerned.

“We have developed procedures for preventing too much traffic during construction, and we rarely work on the roads during busy hours,” said the OPFA director.

Granite Construction Company of Watsonville, California, will be tasked with undertaking the project, which was approved 5-0 by council officials.

Although other construction projects are under way in Oceanside, this undertaking will be the largest in Oceanside this year.

“With such a growing population, our city is working hard to maintain our busy roads,” said Feller.

With more than 171,000 citizens, Granite Construction’s project will ensure a safe and smooth ride through Oceanside’s most frequented city streets.

In addition to the Annual Overlay Project, Oceanside’s Annual Slurry Seal Contract is out to bid. Estimated to cost $1 million, the Slurry Seal Contract is markedly smaller than the Overlay Project, but TransNet will be funding the entire project.

Transnet projects currently cost the city $11.5 million, and the city’s proposed budget for fiscal year 2014 asks for an additional $1.6 million for new roadway projects. Half of the proposed $1.6 million will go toward quiet zone construction drawings.

James Riley, Oceanside’s Financial Services Director, mentioned after the Hall Council meeting that roadways are an expensive but necessary means of allocating the city’s $127.4 million budget.

“You don’t realize how fast all the money dries up when everyone wants a piece of the pie, but the new roadway projects will markedly improve our streets,” he said.

Fortunately, the city’s base budget, which is outlined in June’s City council agenda, increased $1.9 million this year. This has freed up money for additional projects like the $100,000 access road joining El Corazon and Ocean Ranch Blvd.

“It’s always a good feeling when you know you’re working with more money than you did last year,” mentioned Riley when asked about how the budget differs from last year.

Although the $6.9 million proposed budget for the Annual Overlay Project might fall short of the authorized contract, it is nevertheless a project that Wood is happy to see through.

“Our city will surely benefit from our improved roads, especially as a result of the Annual Overlay Project.”

-30-

Sidebar:

The Annual Overlay Project is one of many expenditures that are included in Oceanside’s current Capital Improvement Program.

The city’s $86.7 million capital improvement budget for 2014 is allocated across nine main categories, the most costly being Oceanside’s water systems.

In addition to water improvement projects, sewer maintenance and municipal building repairs account for $32 million of the $86.7 million budget. Transnet projects, which are the fourth largest capital improvement expenditures this year, account for 16 percent of the overall budget.

When asked how the finance council allocates the budget each year, James Riley, Oceanside’s Financial Services Director, replied simply.

“We determine the city’s most pressing repairs first, and then vote on projects that we think will benefit the greatest number of city residents.”

Despite the magnitude of the capital expenditures, however, many city residents don’t lend much attention.

“I just pay my taxes and trust that they’re spending my money the right way,” said Melissa Holohan, an Oceanside resident of 25 years.

Nevertheless, millions of dollars continue to be allocated each year, much of which goes toward funding projects such as this year’s Annual Overlay Project.

Discussion Question:

How aware are you of your city’s budget expenditures?

It was found that Asperger syndrome is a neurobiological condition that is among a group of disorders that are commonly known

ASPERGER SYNDROME

(Author’s name)

(Institutional Affiliation)

Introduction

It was found that Asperger syndrome is a neurobiological condition that is among a group of disorders that are commonly known as autism spectrum disorders. This common term is used to mean or to refer to a number of a wide range if disabilities in the developmental stages that also include autism and other disorders that display the same or almost similar characteristics (Asperger syndrome). Autism in this case is said to be one among many disorders that make up and the pervasive developmental disorders. Pervasive developmental stages are referred to as a group of conditions that affect the development process that involve impaired or delayed social and communication skills, cognitive and behavioral skills. Autism is indicated to be among the widely- known condition of all of the PDDs; these conditions are also referred to as autism spectrum disorders (Autism and other pervasive developmental disorders).

These disorders are known as spectrum disorders because of the way the characteristics and symptoms of each can display themselves in combinations that are different and in degrees of severity that also varying. For example, two patients can exhibit a broad variety of abilities and skills though they have been given the same diagnosis, and even when they have similar patterns of behavior. As a result, professionals have come up with a number of general terms that are used to refer to the children patients displaying behaviors that fit with the spectrum. Some of these terms include low- functioning, autistic tendencies, high- functioning, and pervasive developmental disorders among others. It has also been found that children with Asperger syndrome have numerous characteristics and symptoms in common with children with high- functioning autism. Studies have estimated that not less than 400, 000 families have one or more of their members affected by Asperger syndrome. The incidence has currently been increasing and it was found that the reason behind this was not an increase in the condition itself but an increase in the in the identification of milder cases that were undetectable before. However, the fact still remains that Asperger syndrome is one of the most difficult condition to treat and diagnose among the other conditions (Asperger syndrome). This paper will cover some of the information included in a number of linked websites to find out more information about Asperger syndrome, and the meaning of the information to professionals and students in psychology.

Asperger syndrome derives its name from a Vietnamese pediatrician who was the first to describe some of the common characteristics and behavior patterns associated with patients with Asperger condition in 1940; he was called Hans Asperger. He noticed that his patients had social skills that were severely impaired and were not able to communicate with the others efficiently, and that their coordination was poor even though their language and intelligence development was normal. The Asperger Coalition of the United States has pointed out that Asperger syndrome starts later than what is expected in cases of autism, with the majority of the kids being diagnosed after they have reached the age of 5 to 9 (Asperger syndrome).

There are several characteristics which indicate the presence of Asperger syndrome. Some of them include such characteristics as social interactions that are poor or underdeveloped, patterns of speech that are odd, obsessions and other mannerisms that are peculiar. It was also found that most children with Asperger syndrome have a number of specific facial expressions and most of them have difficulties in understanding the body language of other individuals. They also might engage in routines or behaviors that are obsessive and show sensitivity to sensory stimuli that might not been displayed by other children. For example, some of them show oversensitivity to light and sounds that other children might be comfortable with. Generally, kids with Asperger syndrome can function normally in life like other children; the only difference is that their social maturity is at times peculiar or limited. Other characteristics might include clumsiness, motor delays, peculiar preoccupations, and limited interests. It was found that these symptoms can continue to adulthood with individuals showing less concern and empathy for others and having limitations with their social skills. However, it was also found that these symptoms and characteristics can greatly diminish if they are diagnosed early and an early intervention is included (Asperger syndrome).

A site describing the symptoms and signs of Asperger syndrome indicate that a professional is the best individual to evaluate the symptoms of a child if it is suspected that they are suffering from one of these conditions because the condition can be easily confused with other disorders with similar characteristics. It was learned that Asperger syndrome can and is commonly confused with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Asperger syndrome). Surprisingly, it was found that ADHD is an extremely common behavioral disorder that is prevalent in about 8 to 10 percent of children of the school- going age. It was found that it is more prevalent in boys than in girls with boys being at a risk thrice that of girls of being affected by the condition. Children with this condition are hyperactive, act without thinking and have focusing difficulties. They never follow instruction though they understand them because of the difficulties they have of sitting still, attending to details and paying attention (What is ADHD?).

It is, therefore, essential to have a professional who can differentiate between the symptoms of the both conditions to diagnose a child displaying such symptoms. Some of the most common symptoms associated with Asperger syndrome include speech that is robotic, scripted or repetitive, social interactions that are minimal or inappropriate, limited common sense, challenges with writing, reading and math skills, obsessions, limited nonverbal cognitive techniques, movements that are awkward and mannerisms and behaviors that are odd. It essential to note that unlike children with autism, children with Asperger syndrome might not display language development delays; in most cases, they attain grammatical skills that are fair and vocabulary that is advanced at normal developmental stages. However, the use of language in various social contexts is usually common (Asperger syndrome).

The causes of Asperger syndrome and autism still remain unknown and researchers are still studying some of the possible causes of the conditions. Many scientists, however, speculate that the behavior patterns characterizing children with Asperger syndrome might be as a result of numerous causes. It is, for example, believed that there is a genetic factor to Asperger syndrome, and other studies have indicated that other disorders such as bipolar and depression disorders might be significant causes of this condition (Asperger syndrome). Depression has been characterized as one of the most common and significant mental condition in the US. A child is diagnosed with depression when such things like depressive mood, and state lingers for an extended period of time like months and even more, and when these depressive moods limit the child or person to function normally (Understanding depression). Others still think that there is an environmental factor involved. It was found out that the condition does not result from the way people are brought up or from deprivation of emotions as many assume. It is a fully neurobiological order that many scientists have not come to comprehend yet (Asperger syndrome). Current research has, however, made significant advances and found out that Asperger syndrome can be caused by certain abnormalities in the brain. Such revelations have been found using advanced brain imaging techniques that have shown functional and structural differences in certain brain areas of children with Asperger syndrome versus those without (What causes AS?).

It has been indicated that it is extremely challenging to diagnose Asperger syndrome. This is because children with the condition function normally in most life aspects and it common for parents and professionals to attribute some of their odd behaviors to just being different from the other children. Professionals have, however, recommended early intervention for children with Asperger syndrome. Most professionals perform thorough psychological evaluations on children displaying Asperger- like symptoms (Asperger syndrome).

Because children with the condition display varying behavior patterns, there is no one particular treatment or cure for Asperger syndrome. There are different kinds of treatment that might benefit a patient according to the symptoms they display. Some include training and education of parents, training on social skills, language therapy, training for younger children of sensory integration, and medications (Asperger syndrome). Educational interventions for the child can also be beneficial. This only applies to those children who have delayed skills and other kinds of disabilities. These programs might help children with learning disabilities, emotional disorders, autism, cognitive challenges, language or speech impairment and delays in development (Individualized education programs).

It has been understood that with treatment options that are appropriate and effective, children with Asperger syndrome can learn to cope and live with their disabilities but they might at times find it challenging to express competence in social situations and personal relations. Many adults who have successfully undergone these therapies are able to work in mainstream jobs although they might still need continued support and encouragement to live an independent life (Do children with AS get better?). Recent studies are still being contacted to show how different disorders in the nervous system and brain affect and result to symptoms of Asperger syndrome (What research is being done).

Conclusion

This topic is of great interest to my profession especially because there has been such limited research on some facets related to the issue. The information provided in these websites, therefore, is of major importance because it further psychologists’ knowledge on the matter, and further, points out areas of interest that need to be researched on for the betterment of the services provided to the patients. The benefits of what was found in these websites are many. One is that we, as professionals, get to know some of the main symptoms of the condition that might be of help to us when it comes to diagnosing the disorder. Another benefit is that we become aware as professionals of the common mistakes that are made during diagnosis and the knowledge on how to avoid such confusions. Misconceptions about causes of the disorder such as deprivation of emotions are also cleared after reading these materials. However, one of the most essential significance of the outcomes of this study was the fact that some gaps were found in the studies available about Asperger syndrome. For example, it was noticed that there are no clear studies that have yet found the causes of the disorder. It is, therefore, a challenge for us as psychologists to take up this task and further explore the causes so that these gaps can be closed.

References

Asperger syndrome. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/brain/asperger.html#Autism and other pervasive developmental disorders. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/learning/pervasive_develop_disorders.htmlDo children with AS get better? What happens when they become adults? Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/asperger/detail_asperger.htm#179723080Individualized education programs. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/growth/learning/iep.htmlUnderstanding depression. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/feelings/understanding_depression.htmlWhat causes AS? Is it genetic? Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/asperger/detail_asperger.htm#179693080What is ADHD? Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/learning/adhd.htmlWhat research is being done? Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/asperger/detail_asperger.htm#179733080

Solving Quadratic Equations Week 4

Ashford 5: – Week 4 – Discussion 1

Your initial discussion thread is due on Day 3 (Thursday) and you have until Day 7 (Monday) to respond to your classmates. Your grade will reflect both the quality of your initial post and the depth of your responses.

Solving Quadratic Equations

In this discussion, you will solve quadratic equations by two main methods: factoring and using the Quadratic Formula. Read the following instructions in order and view the example to complete this discussion:

If the third letter of your last name is On pages 635 and 636, solve the following problem by factoring Solve the following problem by using Quadratic Formula

My last name is “Askew” 88 46 on page 646

Use letter “K”

For the factoring problem, be sure you show all steps to the factoring and solving. Show a check of your solutions back into the original equation.

For the Quadratic Formula problem, be sure that you use readable notation while you are working the computational steps. Refer to Inserting Math Symbols for guidance with formatting.

Present your final solutions as decimal approximations carried out to the third decimal place. Due to the nature of these solutions, no check is required.

Incorporate the following four math vocabulary words into your discussion. Use bold font to emphasize the words in your writing (Do not write definitions for the words; use them appropriately in sentences describing your math work.):

Quadratic formula

Factoring

Completing the square

Discriminant

International Budget Partnership

Article title: Article 2 and Governments’ Budgets

Author(s): International Budget Partnership

Reference: Article 2 and Governments’ Budgets | Publications. (2021). International Budget Partnership. Retrieved June 13, 2021, from https://www.internationalbudget.org/publications/escrarticle2/Students name:

In this article, there is a clear explanation of what government budgeting means and how it relates to the citizens of that specific country. This article stresses that the government cannot provide all the services which are needed by its people without having a budget to make sure that what is supposed to be done for its people it’s done in a uniform and fair manner.

The purpose of this article is to provide the public with information o budgeting and help them realize the major purposes of a budget like an equal distribution of resources in the country. The article has achieved its information and data through qualitative and quantitative research which have enabled authors to determine the different points expressed herein. The article has and will continue to make positive changes to the people who read it since they get to learn the purposes of a government budget and how it works in their favor.

UAS, Gigapixel Technology, and high-resolution imagery

Article ReviewStudent’s NameInstitution

UAS, Gigapixel Technology, and high-resolution imageryIntroductionEmpirically, the article provides an illustration of how super-high resolution (SHR) image data can be visualized by using gigapixel displays. In essence, the journal shows the high level of advancements, not only in data acquisition, but also displays and interaction with data that have extreme resolutions. Applicably, the methodology used is relevant when conducting gigaplan projects, where web browsers can span multiple images with complex attributes in the scale of gigapixels. Notably, the authors based their study on a principle known as out-of-core when rendering the gigapixel scheme of visualization. On a physical notion that provides the analogy of ground-truthing, the article explains how tiled display walls can be used visualize a large spatial information. The spatial levels of details (LoD) are however formulated and understood according to the perception of the user. Personally, I chose the article as a surrogate that indicates how complex advancements have ensued in the contemporary field of remote sensing and geographical information systems.

MethodologyConceptually, the method used was evaluative in nature by following a comparative analytical technique. The researchers compared the display outcomes from the use of an acuity driven gigapixel visualization (ADGV) against the principle of standard gigapixel visualization (SGV). The contemporary variable was termed as TECH, from which the use of High-Resolution Imaging was employed. The experimental imaging was used to display gigapixelled images of Mars topography. Originally, the estimated data span was about 1.8 gigapixels that were texture-mapped onto an ellipsoid means surrounding the Reality Deck. Note that, the visible data had a resolution of about 1.2 gigapixels. Target landscapes or subjects were designated to indicate the differential aspects (DIFF) depending on the spectral contexts (-E, -M, & -H). The suffixes denoted easy, medium, and hard differentials. An acuity-driven tessellation was developed to enhanced to provide a high quality (F+C), Focus-and-Context.Results of the study (statistical analysis and outcome)The examination of TECH effects on ET using a t-test mechanism did not herald significant differences for the –E, -M, & -H regions. In addition, the equivalence analysis of the DIFF using a 5% average mean showed no conclusive evidence in terms of completeness, p-values, and relevant t-statistics. The comparative analysis of ADSV using the baseline of SGV presented no significant effects of TECH in relation to ET. All though there was no significant suggestion concerning the qualitative and quantitative impacts of TECH on the ET across all the DIFF, which do not comprehensively provide the final deduction. In a nutshell, there cannot be a concrete claim on the insignificance of the effect of TECH since the study just used a narrow threshold. Additionally, by instituting the concept of average user’s distance in terms of closeness to the screen, dclosest, a relative result was obtained. That is; there was no significant impact of adjusting the average distance to the screen or display when exploring the image data from ADVG.Flaws with the articleArguably, the research was comprehensive in relation to the design and procedure used. However, some limitations occur in the thresholds set for the analysis. The effects of TECH on ET were not particularly significant because of the limited threshold DIFF. In particular, the sample was small, and the research was not domain-specific.For that reason, I agree with the nature of the procedure but disagree with the approach used. Instead, would have pursued the evaluation in a thorough approach when conducting the LoD selection. In essence, selection could have made more sense in multi-user and predictive approaches. Lesson learntThe primary lesson from the article is that image data acquisition, display, and rendering can be done in an immersive gigapixel mechanism. Thus, visualization of imagery through acuity tessellation heralds high-quality demonstration of the data.ConclusionsIn summation, the article provided the framework for conducting an acuity-driven visualization in a gigapixel mechanism. The journal shows the high level of advancements, not only in data acquisition, but also in displays and interaction with data that have extreme resolutions. Again, the methodology formulated how to select LoD using the visual acuity. Notably, the main purpose of the study was to improve visual quality of focus and content (F+C) through the use of adaptive tessellation.Way forwardSince the approach did not provide proper conclusion on the relationships of the variables used, future studies should build on the loopholes of the study. As a result, imminent studies need to be thorough on evaluation and to select LoD that are domain-specific, use of larger samples, varied image data. In addition, they should focus on multi-user scenarios and dynamic data.

Reference

Papadopoulos, C., & Kaufman, A. (2013). Acuity-Driven Gigapixel Visualization. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 9(12), 2886-2895.