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NURSING META-PARADIGMS

NURSING META-PARADIGMS

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Nursing meta-paradigms

Nursing is a very crucial area of study in treating, taking care of, and maintaining the health of humanity. This is a field that is very important in the manner in which human beings get to heal faster. This is because it is a field that combines several practices all aimed at making a sick person or even the one who is not sick but in need of attention feel better faster. On the other hand, a meta-paradigm is a set of ideas and theories on how a certain discipline should be functioning. Therefore the meta-paradigms within the nursing act provide a structure of how nursing should be practiced and the tenets to be emphasized. Therefore within nursing, the meta-paradigm involves 4 concepts that are very essential in making sure that nursing is done in the perfect and the desired manner for the best results which generally are to alleviate the pain of the patient and aid in their healing. Therefore herein this paper discusses the four concepts of the meta-paradigm of nursing which are the person, the environment, health, and nursing along with their importance and effect on the general nursing field.

The concept of environment is important as it directly affects the ease of patient recovery as well as how easy it gets for the people around the person to provide the necessary care. Therefore the environment can be healing in itself or it can even devastate the effects of the disease or illness which afflicts the person who is ill (Hegge, 2013). For example, if a person receiving treatment at home whereby they have the love and the care for those people who are beloved it becomes easy for them to heal faster than if left in a hospital whereby it is very lonely and the nurse or the doctor only comes to administer the nurses with medicine. Watson was a major proponent of this concept of nursing meta-paradigm (Watson, & Woodward, 2020).

The patient is the main focus and the most important aspect of the healthcare system. Jean Watson, Dorothea Orem, and Florence nightingale all had different perspectives when it comes to patients. However, they shared a common aspect which is the definition that each of all the patients treated is unique and has to be cared for as an individual. Health is also a very important concept which is a part of the nursing meta-paradigm and therefore very important. Different theorists like Watson believed that the health of an individual included not just the physiological process but even more aspects like mind, soul, body, spirits and so much more (Watson, 2007). Nursing is defined as the caregiving process which aids in the healing of the individual and it is very important as it provides the patient with all the necessary conditions for him/her to regain the health which had existed before.

The definition of nursing from my perspective is caregiving whereby it does not always have to be at the hospital. Even those caregivers who are at home like parents when a child is sick can be referred to as nurses. The patient can be said to be anyone in need of nursing services and who through the care and being looked after is likely to regain their health status. Health is the state of a person’s condition concerning illnesses and diseases and therefore this is what determines if that person needs nursing services. The environment is a very important aspect of nursing since it is the environment that determines how the nursing will work and be effective on the person to whom it is being administered to.

The University of Miami health facility has a philosophy that states that the basic thing about nursing is caring along with other philosophies believed and trusted to be the best major practices within the nursing field. This can be compared to the Benjamín León School of Nursing philosophy which states that the instruction and formation of nurse determine how effective they are in the job market and therefore this explains that their main goal and objective is to make sure that the formation of nurses is apt for the sake of making sure their productivity is also very high. These two philosophies are important since their goal and aim is to make sure that the patients receive the best nursing services through the formation as well as caring as a basic concept of nursing.

In this paper, therefore, focusing on the basic concept of nursing which is caring for the patients we look closely into Miami Dade college school of nursing’s major philosophy which is formed as a backbone to nursing. Therefore it is true that these two are very crucial and very important when it comes to nursing as they culminate into the delivery and service productivity of the nursing field.

In conclusion therefore I can say that through this paper I have been able to experience satisfaction by learning and knowing about the different philosophies and how they apply to different times and practices within the nursing field. I also learned about what I value most in the meta-paradigms and what the environment is. The concept of a caring nature and is formed in the best manner possible culminates into my understanding of nursing and how I will be able to practice what I learn. Therefore I have been able to connect with both philosophies however the one from the University of Miami health facility connects with me more easily as it teaches me that formation is important but caring nature is more important.

References

Hegge, M. (2013). Nightingale’s environmental theory. Nursing science quarterly, 26(3), 211-219.

University of Miami health system, philosophy statement (2021) https://umiamihealth.org/en/healthcare-professionals/nursing/about-umhc-nursing/our-mission,-vision,-values-and-philosophy#:~:text=We%20seek%20to%20provide%20excellence,innovative%20research%2C%20education%20and%20prevention. Accessed March 28th, 2021

Watson, J. (2007). Watson s theory of human caring and subjective living experiences: carative factors/Caritas processes as a disciplinary guide to the professional nursing practice. Texto & Contexto-Enfermagem, 16(1), 129-135.

Watson, J., & Woodward, T. K. (2020). Jean Watson’s theory of human caring. SAGE Publications Limited.

Nursing Manager Skill Inventory

Nursing Manager Skills Inventory

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Nursing Manager Skill Inventory

Introduction

Nurse Managers use inventory tools as a way of rating and reviewing themselves in all areas of content by using relevant scales. The same procedures of rating are used by nurse manager supervisors to grade the nurse managers in their relevant duties. The two then meet to review their analysis and any difference in perception or views are talked about and recommendations and changes made whenever necessary. In this understanding the inventory tool has become essential for analyzing both professional targets and nursing career planning. In this regard this article seeks to identify weaknesses and strengths associated to the four areas of content.it also addresses how the workplace can effectively utilize the skills to promote change in the institutions.

Professional and personal accountability

This involves personal development analysis through career planning, educational training and self-assessment and action plans. Nursing practices and Ethical behaviors that sustain nursing standards are evaluated as professional association’s involvement and suitable field specification and certification. In terms of professional and personal accountability, have high ratings which show competence in the nursing management.in addition involvement in other related trainings and career advancement have impact in enhancing career competence in many levels. Being a member of professional body and practicing nursing ethics adherence most of the time help enhance individual’s career development.

Career Planning

Re-evaluation of a nurse manager’s role is entailed in the career planning; both requirements and job description are effectively compared with the current nursing practices levels in order to establish elaborate plans. Future planning is also involved in the planning mainly to determine the management’s direction in terms of resources needed in career targets, career growth and general development. The planning also involves analysis of the position of the nursing managers in the aspect of flexibility in career path and any unforeseen changes in the future. From the view point of a nursing manager, understanding these nursing managers roles helps not only in identifying them as strengths but also facilitate effectively in achieving planned targets. Even though in nursing planning has always been conducted, the main obstacle has always been on absence of key resources (NMLC, 2004).

Personal journal disciples

The knowledge and skills relevant for council’s management in order to facilitate shared leadership is what is referred to as personal journal disciples. It also entails skills for making appropriate decisions, techniques for solving problems and reflective performance which involve active use of reflection as a leadership skill. In this aspect it can be viewed as strength since in any organization problem solving skills are essential for effective management. Shared leadership engagement maximizes an organizations human resource potential mainly through promoting and empowering the workers (NMLC, 2004).

Reflective practice reference behavior

These are established guidelines and tenets that are used in providing guidelines for an individual’s analysis on their leadership skills. They are qualities of leadership that is effective example it exhibits attributes of appreciation and integrity of environmental ambiguity and diversity. A leader has to be able to work with people of all religions, races, genders and sexual orientations as well as differences in all kinds and dissenting voices. Discovery of business potential and employee and holding different stakeholder views for making decisions is needed for any leader in this unique environment. Keeping commitment, creating a conducive learning environment, using reflective learning in available work, and nurturing the intellectual to enhance knowledge can be used to facilitate reflective practice in the profession and in addition facilitate reforms in the nursing environs.

Application of skills to advocate for change

In an organization the change agents need to have several skills in order to effectively facilitate the programs that enhance change. Some of these key skills include leadership skills, tolerance and networking skills to ambiguity in uncertain environment, planning skills, negotiation skills, excellent communication skills, leadership skills, flexibility in responding to changes, and interpersonal skills. A strategic plan that entails good communication skills is necessary to guide the change process. This helps to place the needed strategies and objectives of the plan and the needed resources to implement the process.

In order to rally the workers towards the change processes being enacted leadership skills play an essential part. In that an effective leader can influence people to embrace the change through counting on their support and commitment on its implementation. To relay and pass the message of change to both subordinates and colleagues an efficient communication skill is needed (Moss, M.T, 2005).

In order for the organization to effectively manage selling of their change plans to others they need to implement effective negotiation skills. The negotiating skills can be used on key players for procedures and resources required for implementing methods for resolving conflicts and implement change. Networking is necessary in maintaining and developing relevant contacts both in the external environment and organization (June Kaminski, 2011).

Conclusion

Rating and reviewing of nurse managers is important since it facilitates the enhancement of competence in the profession. In this understanding a competent nurse manager has to poses essential management skills in order to be successful in the profession. The frequent changes in the nursing environment dictate that the organization and the relevant leadership have to be equipped with necessary skills to bring the necessary changes in the organization.in addition career growth activities are essential in facilitating the productivity of the workers in the profession.

Reference

June Kaminski. (2011)Leadership and change management, navigating the turbulent frontier,

www.nursing-informatics.com

Moss, M.T,(2005) the emotionally intelligent nursing leader. San Francisco: Josey-Bass

Nurse Manager Leadership Collaborative, NMLC, (2004) Methodology of How to Use the Inventory Tool, www.aone.orgETHODOLOGY FOR HOW TO USE

THE INVENTORY TOOL

Nursing Intervention In Disaster

Nursing Intervention In Disaster

Contents

TOC o “1-3” h z u Primary intervention PAGEREF _Toc381075344 h 1Secondary intervention PAGEREF _Toc381075345 h 2Tertiary intervention PAGEREF _Toc381075346 h 3Spiritual Issues surrounding disasters PAGEREF _Toc381075347 h 4

The possibility of occurrence of disasters is a reality. With this in mind there should be efforts made to prevent any upcoming or potentially disastrous events. These efforts are what are known as disaster prevention. Disaster prevention therefore refers to efforts put in place to ensure that adverse effects of events that are potentially disastrous are prevented even when the disaster can not be controlled. Disaster prevention is done at various levels of the society and is undertaken so as to prevent all types of disasters. Nurses are involved to a large extent when it comes to the prevention and mitigation of disasters. Nurses are involved in institutions that can influence change and due to the unique skills that they posses they can make interventions in disasters. To perform efficiently, a nurse must be always prepared to make changes in plan actions at any time and at the same time adopt to new situations. Nurses are expected to be health educators, administrators, care providers and intervene in crises .There are various nursing interventions that are related to disasters this can be in three levels; primary intervention, secondary intervention and tertiary intervention.

Primary interventionPrevention includes identifying hazards, assessing threats to life and property and taking measures that help in disaster mitigation. Nurses are better placed when it comes to educating the public, they should therefore teach people on how to find out what can happen to them .This can be done through helping them get information on the disaster types that are likely to occur and how they can prepare for each. They should also be informed on community warning systems; what they should sound like and how they should respond to them when they hear them. Nurses should ensure that there is a disaster plan which is comprehensive (Harden, 2004 ).The aim of the plan should be providing prompt and effective medical care to as many people as possible so as to minimize mortality and morbidity. They should teach people to discuss with family members on the need for preparing for disasters and why it is necessary to work as a team (Rittenmeyer, 2007).

Secondary interventionSecondary prevention interventions occur during acute stages of a disaster. They can differ depending on type and scope of disasters. The aim of secondary interventions is decreasing effects of disasters on individuals and the community in general. Some nursing interventions in secondary intervention involve the giving of first aid to the injured at the sites of disaster. They should ensure that they pass a message to nearby hospitals on the disaster that has occurred so as to prepare them for casualties that will be taken there. They ensure that the casualties get immediate basic care before they get to the hospital. They also ensure that the casualties are taken to the hospital as soon as possible so that they can get further treatment. There are also people that are not physically injured from the disaster and they should also be taken care of by the nurses. (Rittenmeyer, 2007).Their provision of psychological support requires that they identify the group of people that needs the intervention immediately. The people who are considered to be at a high risk and need immediate intervention are those who are related to the primary victims, those that were there at the actual site of the disaster but were not hurt physically and first respondents. They can hold talks with the people on how to deal with emotions such as sadness, anger, fear and irritability .this will help them deal with trauma from the disaster.

Tertiary interventionTertiary prevention strategies are those that are meant for the meeting of long-term needs of people after resolving the disaster. Nurses have a role to play when it comes to tertiary interventions this include implementations of programs that foster the healing process after a disaster. The nurses will therefore be in charge of programs that educate people on stress responses and when and how they should seek help. (Rittenmeyer, 2007).The interventions that are chosen fall under the three phases of disaster prevention. This is because all these are important phases of a disaster. Therefore the interventions should involve all the three phases because one phase leads to another.

The most favorable people or agencies I would work in facilitating the above proposed interventions are the state agencies and local governments; I chose on these agencies because they might be the same people being affected disaster but still fail to create awareness to the community, individuals and health care providers. Whenever there are disasters, these groups of people should be the first in quickly responding to the emergency whether it occurred naturally or not. The state agency and the local government should help in preparing and maintaining the current state emergency operations by providing for the prevention and minimizing the injuries that might have been caused by the disaster. The state agencies and local governments will help in educating the community or the public on the signs of disaster and how to be prepared when the disaster is occurring. This will help in creating awareness to the whole community to get prepared whenever a disaster strikes them and ways they can approach that tragedy. In this case, preparedness mainly focuses on preparation of the equipments and procedures to be used when a disaster occurs, for example planning and other equipments that can be used by health care providers in carrying out first aid.

Facilitation of the proposed intervention will require a well developed disaster plan by the state agencies since disasters are unpredictable and the responses that might be needed will require the local governments and the state agencies to stretch to the limit (Wolters Kluwer Health, 2007). Therefore, the disaster plan will majorly aim in reducing the occurrence of the disasters as well as reducing the impact of those other tragedies that cannot be prevented. It will also help in creating awareness to the community to be ready for anything that might happen which might cause destruction to their properties.

Spiritual Issues surrounding disastersPeople have been reacting differently to the issue of disaster, even in their spiritual lives. Disaster whether manmade or natural can affect the entire communities, health care providers and individuals that existed prior to the event. When disaster occurs, some people will be overwhelmed, and can cause traumatic stress among them. However others would be affected in their spiritual lives while some may be energized reporting that they feel more alive and well connected to the divine during and immediately after a disaster than ever before. There are various spiritual issues that can arise for individuals, communities, and health care providers when strike by disasters. For instance, the issues of wounding of the spirits, the wounding of the spirits can results when people are apt to make sense out of tragic events appearing to be senseless and unjust. Spirituality and religious faith normally assures the victims of disasters with a sense of order and security, but if the spiritual belief is lost entirely, then this will result to disillusionment, anger and anxiety (Developing Cultural Competence in Disaster Mental Health Programs, 2010)

Natural and manmade disaster losses in most cases happen to bring to the forefront the nature of the relationship of people to their spiritual beliefs. The experience may challenge them to start viewing something like prayers to be the only thing that could solve their problems. A community health nurse can assist in the spiritual care for the individuals, communities and colleagues by providing some assurance of divine protections. The community health nurse can also assist in congregating, sharing prayers and comforting the beliefs of people that their request for divine assistance will be answered and therefore, it is important for all people to come together for support when strike by disasters in the community.

References

Developing Cultural Competence in Disaster Mental Health Programs: Guiding Principles and Recommendations – Medpedia. (2010). All Articles – Medpedia. Retrieved March 22, 2013, from http://wiki.medpedia.com/Developing_Cultural_Competence_in_Disaster_Mental_Health_Programs:_Guiding_Principles_and_Recommendations

Harden, E.G. (2004). The role of nursing in disasters. Retrieved march 22, 2013 from http://helid.digicollection.org/en/d/Jdi018e/2.htmlRittenmeyer,L.(2007). Disaster preparedness: Are you ready? Retrieved march 22,2013 from http://www.nursingcenter.com/prodev/ce_article.asp?tid=726331Wolters Kluwer Health. (2007). LWW Journals – Beginning with A. Retrieved March 22, 2013, from http://journals.lww.com/smajournalonline/fulltext/2007/09000/spiritual_issues_in_the_aftermath_of_disaster.32.aspx

Parts of the counseling clinics’ program evaluation

Nursing homes

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Parts of the counseling clinics’ program evaluation

There are various parts of the program evaluation in the counseling clinic. The people employed to work in the program will have to ensure that those individuals selected fully participate. They will also carry out extensive follow-ups. Issues like stress management, health care and housing should be discussed during the actual program evaluation. The first step would be to identify the various categories of evaluation activities. The concerns and constraints will also be taken into consideration. Program evaluation will also be carried out through proper planning and evaluation of the program performance. When assessing the performance the goals and objectives of the program will be identified. The other important part in the program evaluation is the data collection (Stufflebeam & Shinkfield, 2007). For instance, both the old and present data will be taken into consideration. After obtaining relevant data, findings will be taken for review by the stakeholders.

Steps of program evaluation

The first step during program evaluation is the explanation of the evaluation questions. This involved the explanation of the expected audience for the assessment findings, the required information and when. The questions determine the types of evaluation to be selected. Questions like; did the program have its proposed affects? Who was assisted? and what features of the program created the impact?, should be asked. Performance supervision gives data on important aspects on the way a program should be carried out (Grinnell, Gabor & Unrau, 2012). It also provides important information on how particular program objectives are being achieved. Process evaluation provides information on how a program is supposed to be carried out. The second step would be the development a logic model. Logic models would be used to provide a less complicated description of the program. Is can also be used to provide a less complicated explanation on the intended outputs and outcomes respectively.

The program features will include the number of people to be reached, amount of materials to be used, and the recognition of the types and stages of service elements. The output of the program is considered to be the products of the internal activities of the program. For instance, the output can be the number of people counseled, home visits by the counselors or the number of people finishing their job training program (National Research Council & National Research Council, 2006). Consequently, the above program output would be used to come up with the preferred program outcomes. For instance, increase in the number of people being counseled reduces the rate of stress. The third step is the review of the readiness for evaluation. This is important because it helps in identifying whether the program assessment is reasonable, practicable, and likely to provide important data.

What the program evaluator would want to measure

The program evaluator would always want to evaluate the available information against the logic form to ensure that enough information on the major variables is already inclusive or to start gathering more information items if required. They would also want to measure the level of satisfaction of the clients. Evaluators will have to measure the amount of effort and money needed to come up with each measure. Moreover, they would also wand to measure the amount of money to be spent on performance monitoring. Client satisfaction is also some of the things a program evaluator would want to measure.

References

Grinnell, R. M., Gabor, P., & Unrau, Y. A. (2012). Program evaluation for social workers: Foundations of evidence-based programs. New York: Oxford University Press.

National Research Council (U.S.)., & National Research Council (U.S.). (2006). Evaluation of the Sea Grant Program review process. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press.

Stufflebeam, D. L., & Shinkfield, A. J. (2007). Evaluation theory, models, and applications. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass.

Nursing Entrance Essay

Nursing Entrance Essay

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Nursing Entrance Essay

Purpose of Enrolling in Your Nursing Program and How I am Going to be Prepared to Become Successful in this Nursing Program

Some individuals incline to become nurses as a profession, but others are born with the “spirit of nursing,” the innate ability to help others out of the goodness of their hearts and minds, with no thought of personal gain. My desire to serve others, my compassion for those in need, and my conviction that I can make a difference in people’s lives all contribute to my fascination with nursing. From a very young age, I wanted to be a member of the medical community, helping provide high-quality treatment to individuals worldwide. Besides, I am interested in nursing because it will allow me to better myself while also providing me with the opportunity to help others. Also, I am interested in nursing because I know it will be the beginning of a long and fruitful career working in one of the most challenging and gratifying medical fields, one that offers ever-expanding possibilities for dedicated professionals. I have also realized that the breadth of my interest and affection for medicine makes me well suited to a career where one may specialize in several areas.

To succeed in this nursing program, I am confident I have many of the qualities necessary for success in this program and in my chosen field. Because of my capacity for empathy, I will be able to put myself in the position of my patients and treat each one uniquely. In addition, I pay close attention to detail, which I feel will serve me well as a nurse. Moreover, I am a kind person, and it is in my nature to care about the well-being of those around me, which will help me provide friendly nursing care.

Essential Functions and Roles of a Nurse

Most nurses, as trained and experienced members of the healthcare team, are responsible for various tasks that may differ from patient to patient. Nurses play a vital role in providing care for patients by attending to their basic physical needs, treating health conditions, and preventing illness. To do this, Nurses are responsible for keeping close tabs on their patients and documenting any changes that might affect treatment plans (Paharia, 2022). Nurses provide first aid for injuries, give patients their medications, carry out regular medical examinations, document patients’ medical histories in depth, observe patients’ heart rates and blood pressures, carry out diagnostic tests, operate medical devices, draw blood, and admit and discharge patients following the orders of their attending physicians. In addition, nurses make sure their patients are comfortable, change their bandages, and communicate any adjustments in a patient’s health to the other nurses or physicians (Paharia, 2022).

In addition, nurses give not only physical care but also emotional comfort to their patients and their loved ones. It may include listening to patients and evaluating their physical, cultural, emotional, spiritual, and mental requirements and making sure the patient is informed and prepared for therapy. In many cases, nurses are there to assist patients and family members in working through their emotional responses to medical problems. The nurse’s role extends beyond providing medical care to include patient education and counseling to help patients and their families understand their treatment choices and make informed decisions about their health. Besides, nurses play an essential role in the decision-making process during patient treatment. Lastly, it is the nurse’s role to ensure that the patient understands his or her health status, diagnosis, medicines, and treatment plan. This is crucial when patients are discharged from the hospital and expected to continue their treatment regimen alone (Paharia, 2022).

Accountability and Integrity in Nursing Profession

Due to their significance in ensuring the success of healthcare initiatives, professional accountability and integrity are vital to the nursing profession. According to Davis (2017), the American Nursing Association Code of Ethics stipulates that nurses must behave in a manner that is consistent with the ethical and moral standards set out by their respective professions. Accountability is crucial in nursing because it helps avoid the repercussions of a lack of responsibility. Besides accountability, trust between nurses and patients is maintained, which boosts nurses’ efficiency and ultimately benefits patients (Davis, 2017). Enrolling in training programs designed to raise one’s level of knowledge is one approach for a nurse to demonstrate accountability in the clinical area of their specialty. As a result, the nurse will be armed with up-to-date and sufficient information that is beneficial in decision-making when confronted with healthcare challenges throughout the process of providing healthcare services.

Moreover, professional accountability and integrity are essential in nursing because nurses who uphold ethical standards and demonstrate accountability and integrity might help the facility where they work to earn a good reputation. Patients at healthcare institutions are often requested to fill out patient satisfaction questionnaires. A healthcare provider’s or hospital’s reputation benefits when patients are pleased with the service they get and provide constructive comments. In addition, a culture of integrity and accountability in nursing minimizes medical resource misuse. When nurses make decisions without fully appreciating the scope of the problem, it might limit patients’ access to essential resources. In nursing, accountability may be shown through making proper use of resources. Accountability for one’s patients and the employer is also shown by maintaining equipment, giving drugs as recommended, and keeping track of any materials used in patient care (Faubion, 2022).

References

Davis, C. (2017). The importance of professional accountability. Nursing made incredibly easy, 15(6), 4.

Faubion, D. (2022). 10 Ways to Demonstrate Accountability in Nursing Practice. Nursingprocess.org. Retrieved 19 October 2022, from https://www.nursingprocess.org/accountability-in-nursing.html.

Paharia, P. (2022). Roles of a Nurse. News-Medical.net. Retrieved 19 October 2022, from https://www.news-medical.net/health/Roles-of-a-Nurse.aspx.

nursing curriculum

Nursing Curriculum:

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The current nursing curriculum was designed to help in both the teaching and the practice of nurses. The curriculum aims at producing competent nurses who can serve diligently by emphasizing on practical teachings of the nursing students. The curriculum contains numerous practical lessons and sessions designed for the students. The practical lessons are meant to help the students acclimatize with the real-life work environments. Initially at the beginning of the semester, I had no idea about these practical sessions in the curriculum. I learnt about these practical lessons during the semester. I only knew of internship of the nursing students after some years of study. The nursing curriculum has made more knowledgeable about the nursing profession through its preference on teachings based on evidence.

The nursing curriculum examines the reforms in the health care sector and their possible impacts. It explores the effects of the health care reforms on the deliverance of heath care services. The Affordable Health Care Law will result to significant changes in the nursing and health sector in general. This law will not only affect the patients, but also the medical physicians like nurses. Examining the effects of this law is therefore paramount. It is necessary that nursing students are taught about the changes that will be caused by this law. For instance, one of the effects of the law is that it may lead to shortage of medical physicians due to the high number of patients who would seek attention. The nursing curriculum offers insight analysis of some of these effects to the nursing students. In this regard, my view of the curriculum has hugely changed as a current up to date curriculum. This is opposed to my previous view of the curriculum as a rigid, old document that is not in tandem with the current issues affecting the health sector.

The curriculum in addition, contains career guidelines in the nursing profession. The entry work level for nursing school graduates is well highlighted. This enlightens nursing students about the career issues in the profession. The curriculum also contains lessons on continuation of career and rising in career level in the nursing field. The curriculum therefore, meets the student’s career needs. These career guidelines are useful to the students as it enables students to examine their career prospects. Students can gauge themselves and their chances in succeeding in the nursing profession based on their examination results. This has helped me to change my perception of the nursing curriculum. At the beginning of the semester, I regarded the curriculum as designed to lock out students who score low marks. This is no longer the case at the moment as now regard the curriculum as one aimed to produce qualified and competent nurses.

My insight about the nursing curriculum will definitely change my contribution in the faculty. My understanding of the nursing curriculum will ensure that I perform to my level best. For instance, the career guidelines will be vital to me in my quest to improve my career. I will avoid mistakes like negligence and conform to the nursing ethics outlined in the curriculum. My insight and knowledge from the nursing school will enable me to contribute immensely in the faculty. My understanding of the reforms in the health care sector will help me to easily adapt to the changes in the sector. This will further increase my productivity in the sector.

The changes in the health care industry will affect the nursing curriculum in the future. This is because of the need of the nursing students to conform to the changes in the nursing sector. For instance, the number of people who visit the health care centers is expected to increase significantly. In this case, the nursing curriculum will have to establish solutions to manage the increase in patients.

Nursing case study

Nursing case study

Student’s name

Institution affiliation

Case studies are employed in the medical field to teach students and nurses. Case studies are supposed to stimulate the thinking of the trainee without significantly increasing their workload. A case study may serve several purposes since it covers all aspects of clinical practice. It is a good way to determine the decision-making ability of the student. Good case studies should be informative. This paper shall focus on one medical case about myocardial infarction. The patient is a 57-year old male who presented to the emergency department with a chest problem. The patient is quickly assessed to determine the problem. The history is taken. The patient’s name is Chris. Chris states that pain began about half an hour after dinner while he was playing with his kids. Chris describes the pain as a crushing pressure that is located midsternally and radiates to his left arm and to the back. When asked to rate the pain on the scale, he gives it a 4/10. The patient reports that he is finding it difficult to breath (SOB). On assessment, the patient is diaphoretic and pale. The doctor suspects myocardial infarction but recommends further check-ups to rule out angina, heart failure, and other lying conditions.

The tests are performed by a nurse. There are several tests that are conducted such as heart sounds, vital signs, lung sounds, pulse, signs of edema, and skin condition. MI happens when blood flow to a segment of the myocardium ceases or decreases. It results in necrosis of the heart. MI is a common presentation of CAD. About 13% of the world population died from ischemic heart disease in 2016. Most of these deaths occur in developed countries (Thygesen et al., 2019). The disease is common among wealthy people who tend to do less physical exercises. Tissue death occurs due to ischemia when the section of the heart does not receive oxygen and nutrients. Troponin is a specific marker of MI useful in diagnosis. Troponin rises within three hours of a tissue injury peaking in 1-2 days. The electrocardiogram is a useful standard procedure in the diagnosis of MI. The ECG is used by clinicians to differentiate between the two types of MI. The two types are ST-elevation MI and non-ST elevation MI. STEMIs form the least prevalent of the three types. The STEMI occurs in 25-40% of MI patients. The current guidelines have categorized myocardial infarction into five types (Reed, Rossi & Cannon, 2017).

The most predominant source of MI is atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis occurs when a plaque on a coronary artery ruptures, leading to clot formation which further blocks the artery. Myocardial infarction proceeds in minutes. MI may also arise when the heart has limited blood supply as a result of increased oxygen demand by the rest of the body (Anderson & Morrow, 2017). Conditions such as hyperthyroidism, anemia, coronary artery spasms, and PCI failure predispose the person to MI. The risk factors for MI include the following: old age, active smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and total cholesterol. Several of these risks factors are shared with CAD. The other causes include low physical activity, past family history of MI, obesity, and alcohol consumption. Men are more predisposed to MI than women.

The patient reported that his father had died of CAD and that his aunt was currently on treatment for diabetes mellitus. Chris is a rare visitor to the hospital. Chris reports that he underwent a medical checkup the previous year, where the doctor recommended that he start doing physical activity. Chris had a high BMI, high LDL, and high total cholesterol. He says that he has not been following the doctor’s recommendations because he does not get time. As part of the empirical therapy, Chris was put on oxygen. His medical check-up report came back and the following were observed. There was no jugular vein distention. Chris had normal S1 and S2 sounds, the lungs were clear with scattered wheezes on auscultations. The vital signs also came and were as follows: the BP was 140/91, SpO2 90%, HR 93bpm, regular Ht 174cm, RR 33bpm, 110kg, and the temp was 37.0 C. Chris’s 12-lead EKG report reads as follows: “a regular sinus rhythm with repeated PVCs and three to four-beat runs of ventricular tachycardia”. ST-segment elevation in leads 1, aVL, and V2 through V6. The cardiac function tests were done but the results are yet to be available. The chest x-ray was also ordered. The doctor prescribes Aspirin 324mg PO, nitroglycerin 0.4 mg SL q5min TDS, morphine 4mg IVP when needed for the chest pain, and Oxygen to maintain the SpO2 above 92%. Statins were recommended but were to be used after discharge (Anderson & Morrow, 2017).

As the nurse in charge, it is important to immediately put this patient on oxygen therapy. Oxygen improves oxygenation and decreases myocardial oxygen demands. When the medications are availed, put the patient on nitroglycerin and aspirin. Nitroglycerin is a potent coronary vasodilator that increases blood flow to the heart muscle. However, the medication may be ineffective for MI patients and this may prompt substitution. Aspirin serves as an anticoagulant and thus decreases mortality (Anderson & Morrow, 2017).

The nurse needs to monitor the patient. Mr. Chris was still in pain after the three doses of sublingual NTG and the nurse put him on morphine 5mg and baby aspirin. However, the pain was still persistent and required further interventions. The cardiac enzymes were as follows: CK 255U/L, CK-MB 10%, troponin I 3.5ng/mL. The nurse reports to the physician who recommends a PCI. The PCI helps to relieve blockage (Reed, Rossi & Cannon, 2017). Four hours after the PCI, Mr, Chris states that he does not feel any chest pain. His vital signs have also improved. The nurse needs to advise the patient to change their lifestyle. The nurse should set targets with the patient. Advice the patient on the diet, the importance of exercise, and reduce caffeine intake. Advice the patient of the importance of compliance. The patient should seek medical attention when symptoms exacerbate.

References

Anderson, J. L., & Morrow, D. A. (2017). Acute myocardial infarction. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(21), 2053-2064.

Reed, G. W., Rossi, J. E., & Cannon, C. P. (2017). Acute myocardial infarction. The Lancet, 389(10065), 197-210.

Thygesen, K., Alpert, J. S., Jaffe, A. S., Chaitman, B. R., Bax, J. J., Morrow, D. A., … & Bucciarelli-Ducci, C. (2019). Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). European heart journal, 40(3), 237-269.

Nursing Career Synthesis Secondary sources

Nursing Career Synthesis: Secondary sources

Student’s Name

Institutional Affiliation

Course

Date

NURSING CAREER SYNTHESIS: SECONDARY SOURCES

INTRODUCTION

Nursing is one of the most sought after career paths in the U.S and the world. It offers unrivaled job security, mobility as well as a chance to grow in the competitive field. However, the motivations for choosing nursing as a career path almost always point towards an urge to help and care for people. People who go to hospitals seek to find physical both physical and emotional support. The nurse’s job is to provide these services in a way that promotes the health of the individual.

As with any other field, writing is critical to communicate information in the field, including research journals. Research, as well as other writing methods. The role of this synthesis is to analyze three secondary sources related to the nursing career. The synthesis will focus on how one can be prepared to write in the field, how writers in the fields use persuasive methods of pathos, logos, and ethos, and a discussion of current controversies that arise in the field.

SECONDARY SOURCES

The secondary sources that I will be using as examples for the career synthesis are mentioned in detail as follows;

Source One

Price, S. L., Hall, L. M., Murphy, G. T., & Pierce, B. (2018). Evolving career choice narratives of new graduate nurses. Nurse education in practice, 28, 86-91.

The article provides an excellent piece of writing that seeks to gain perspective on graduate nurses’ experiences when they finish school and enter practice. The article provides an in depth look into how the nursing practice. The article is an excellent source that will provide a prospective student with a snapshot of what it is like to be a nurse and how the nursing field is like. The text is an excellent example of writing that is geared towards providing information. From the article, we can see that one way of preparing to write is by doing research. The nursing field is a technical field meaning that evidence-based research is required to write papers. The type of audience who read nursing material is a knowledgeable audience. Therefore, the writer needs to base their research on findings and be as broad as possible on the subject.

The authors of the article demonstrate that they did their research. They base their article on evidence-based on a longitudinal study of the professionals who have graduated and have started the nursing practice transition. Based on the article, we can see that articles’ writing is one form of media applied in the nursing field. The type of text in the field is scientific. Articles like this are numerous in the nursing field, in that they are articles that are scientific and well researched. The author appeals to pathos by providing data backed by qualitative research since the audience is one that looks for knowledge. Based on the article, we cannot see a specific controversy that is in nursing.

Source Two

Patrick, K., & Lavery, J. F. (2007). Burnout in nursing. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 24(3), 43.

The article focusses on the rigors that are part of the nursing field. Burnout is an aspect of nursing that is well documented in most writings. A prospective student wishing to gain knowledge in the nursing field can use such an article to gain insight into the challenges faced while working in the field. A nurse provides service to patients, an act that needs a lot of interactions with people and a lot of movement. For one to enter the field, they must be prepared for long working hours characterized by extensive fatigue. The authors of this article did good research before writing the article. The author has cited previous research, meaning that other writings are available on the subject of work stress that affects nurses. From the article, we can see that the author has used a research-based writing style that is both concise and informative to explore the issue at hand. The author also shows us an example of appeals that a prospective writer in the field can emulate.

The writer appeals to logos by using a lot of writings that are backed by research and data. The intended audience who may respond to logos are other peers in the nursing field who may wish to adopt some research and propose solutions for the same. The author also used pathos by showing just how bad the problem of work stress is to the nurse. The intended audience of pathos is potential students who may want to get into the nursing field; they may empathize with their current situation. Finally, the article shows a major controversy within the nursing field on how much a nurse can work? Some solutions to the problem include working in shifts, taking regular breaks, and stress relievers on the job.

Source Three

Kunyk, D., & Austin, W. (2012). Nursing under the influence: A relational ethics perspective. Nursing ethics, 19(3), 380-389.

In this article, the author explores an ethical angle toward nursing. Ethics are part and parcel of the nursing fields, and therefore, it is crucial for a prospective student to feel how ethics affects the profession. The authors explore how nurses’ addictions can affect both the nurse’s health and that of their patients. One cannot write about nursing without touching upon the ethical side of the field. A prospective writer or student who wishes to explore the field can use the article to get an idea into the importance of ethics in the nursing field. The authors are well versed in the topic, and their knowledge is shown in how they present their ideas. The authors also appeal to the ethos of the audience. The article presents the dangers of having a nurse under the influence of work on a patient. The patient may be harmed or treated so badly that they lose all confidence and trust in the care provider.

Given that nursing is a field whereby trust is crucial, this would present a problem. By appealing to the ethos of the intended audience, which is prospective nurses, the author can send a message to them, rather subtly, to provide the reader an insight on ethics in the nursing field. The authors also appeal to both logos and pathos. They use logos by providing well-researched evidence as well as historical background on nursing under the influence. They use pathos to appeal to the emotional side of their audience. The audience may feel a sense of enragement to discover that some nurses go against ethics and perform their jobs under substances’ influence. The controversy a reader can get from the article is how nurses under the influence breach nursing ethics. The solution presented in the article is an ethical one. By considering the breach of ethics, nurses can contemplate just how bad their actions are and may effect change in their actions.

Conclusion.

By exploring secondary sources on nursing, prospective students and writers can get a myriad of information that they can adapt to their use. For instance, prospective students can use the synthesis to have a basic look at how the nursing field is, the types of writings used in the field, how the authors appeal to pathos, logos, and ethos, and explore various controversies. The case applies to a writer who can also get the same information.

Nursing care of older adults

Nursing care of older adults

Name

Instructor

Course

Date

Topic 1: Healthcare decisions

Aging relatives require a lot of care due to their delicate state such as chronic illnesses. There is the need to make appropriate decisions regarding the best care for an aging relative. A family member can be assisted to make necessary care decisions for an aging relative through various ways. First, it is important to help them find out the type of care the aging relative needs. This can be achieved through establishing the kind of care the relative needs now and if it might change in the future. Assistance is also required to determine whether the relative can be taken care at home with help of a skilled nurse or if they need care in a skilled nursing facility. The family member also requires assistance on issues of costs. It is important to establish the approximate costs that will be required for care of the aging relative. The family member should be advised to choose quality but affordable care. It is important to guide the family member on choice of care that is going to help the aging relative (Silin, & Silin, 2009).

Trips to different care sites can be quite intimidating to both patients and relatives. As caregivers, family members mainly focus on the medical treatment of the family member and so do the staff of the healthcare facility. The handling of transition is critical for the health and well-being of the patient. Proper transition can be achieved through appropriate care coordination. This requires that the medical records of the patients are properly transmitted in the course of transition between different levels. Proper transition can also be achieved through creating follow-up arrangements for the patient incase they are transitioning from a healthcare facility to their homes. This helps in ensuring that the patient recovery process will be followed up and hence their improvement (Ross, 2008).

Topic 2: Economics

Medicare is helpful; in various ways, first anyone above the age of 65 years and an American citizen is eligible to enrolling for Medicare. This means that Medicare program is quite beneficial to all the elderly people in America above the age of 65 years. This is quite helpful because by the time, these people are out of work and hence lack any form of income. Furthermore, they have worked all their life and hence it would only be fair if the government assists them through providing healthcare and social security when they are old (Kronenfeld, 2011).Part A covers inpatient hospital, home health care and skilled facility. This means that the elderly person is eligible to these services at no cost. Once they are enrolled, they receive these benefits automatically and do not have to pay premiums since it has already been paid for through taxes. This is quite beneficial since an elderly person is no longer working and hence has no income that can help to pay for his or her healthcare.

Medicare is also helpful because an individual under Medicare coverage is eligible to social security benefits. This makes an individual able to sustain themselves since they are no longer working and earning an income. What makes Medicare least helpful is that there are some things that it does not cover. For instance, Medicare does not cover custodial care which is required by many elderly people. Most elderly people have chronic illnesses and hence they require a lot of custodial care like bathing, walking or even dressing. Therefore, Medicare ends up not being useful to most elderly people since they require a lot of custodial care. In the Medicare program, there is the Medicare advantage plan which is an annual contract and hence can change the benefits one is entitled to (Miller, 2013). The plans can decide not to renew or negotiate the contracts with an individual. In the Medicare advantage plans, some doctors and hospitals fail to accept the payment terms of the plan and hence leaving an individual without coverage.

References

 Silin, P., & Silin, P. (2009). Nursing homes and assisted living: The family’s guide to making decisions and getting good care (2nd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Kronenfeld, J. (2011). Medicare. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood.

 

Miller, D. (2013). Medicare. Detroit: Greenhaven Press.

Ross, D. (2008). Healthcare transitions and the aging population a framework to measure the value of rapid rehabilitation.

Nursing care delivery models Total patient care

Nursing care delivery models

Name

Institution

Nursing care delivery models: Total patient care

Nursing care is important in helping patient recover to good health in the shortest time possible. Nursing care may take varied models. The models are designed to enable the nurse give appropriate and adequate care to patients (Blais, Hayes, Koizer & Erb, 2011). The nursing model under focus in this paper, which I feel is the best model, is total patient care. Total patient care is the earliest model of nursing. It is patient centered and depends of private duty nurses. It also ensures consistent contact between the patient and the nurse during each shift. This model has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages

There is a high extent of autonomy and the relationship between the RN and the patient, and his/her family is based on trust.

The model provides clear lines of accountability and responsibility, and the RN can ensure consistency in conducting the care plan.

The patients under this kind of care receive unregimented and holistic care and his /her need are met quickly due to the high number of hours the RNs spend with the patient.

Disadvantages

The nurses entrusted in the care of the patient may experience several challenges since each RN may have of favor a different approach to nursing or care.

The approach is not cost effective. In fact, it is very costly

The approach may also suffer from lack or shortage of RN

Despite the disadvantages, this nursing approach is very popular especially since it takes a case method approach (Kelly & Tazbir, 2013). The RN can adequate focus on a patient’s situation, namely a case and properly monitor a patient progress until s/he fully recover from the ailment. The consistent contact that the nurses have with the patient entrusted in their care also ensure that they are able to perfectly report on periodical developments in the patient situation.

References

Blais, K., Hayes, J., Koizer, B., & Erb, G. (2011). Professional Nursing Practice 6th Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall.

Kelly, P., & Tazbir, J. (2013). Essentials of nursing leadership & management. Australia: Cengage Learning