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Jennie Gerhardt

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The Unjust Treatment of Characters in Jennie Gerhardt

Introduction

Jennie Gerhardt is a novel authored by Theodore Dreiser that was first published in 1911. Dreiser tells a tale of an unhappy woman from the working class who faces and accepts various adversities in life. Circumstances force her into becoming the mistress of two powerful and wealthy men to help her family get out of the impoverished conditions.

Thesis statement: This text is an analysis of the unjust treatment of the characters in Theodore Dreiser’s novel Jennie Gerhardt including Jennie Gerhardt, Wilhelmina Vesta, and Mrs. Gerhardt, and William Gerhardt.

Body Paragraph 1-Jennie Gerhardt

Gets romantically involved with Senator George Brander

Brander dies of heart attack leaving her pregnant

Gets involved with Lester, but his family oppose their relationship

Her daughter dies tragically from typhoid fever.

Body Paragraph 2-Vesta

An illegitimate daughter

Her father dies tragically from heart attack

Jennie hides her existence from Lester

Dies of typhoid

Body Paragraph 3-Jennie’s mother (Mrs. Gerhardt)

Hardworking yet poor

Works as a maid with Jennie

Body Paragraph 4-William Gerhardt

His children besides Jennie abandon him

Hardworking glass blower but still poor

Dies of old age in the care of Jenny

Conclusion

Thesis restatement: Jenny Gerhardt, Wilhelmina Vesta, Mrs. Gerhardt, and William Gerhardt are some of the characters that go through unjust treatment in Theodore Dreiser’s novel Jennie Gerhardt.

Culture in Business

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Culture in Business

Introduction

The ability of a business venture to succeed in its operations in the current diversified environment is depended on its capacity to mainstream the concept of culture in its operations. Since culture incorporates the interplay of various factors pertaining to vocation, language, philosophy, geography and the social aspects pertaining to biological traits of an individual, they directly influence not only values but also the attitudes that are assumed by given individual. A sustainable business venture that is characterized by public approval and consistent performance with respect to profitability certainly incorporates all these concerns in its operations.

It is widely agreed that culture plays an integral role in connecting individuals as well as defining their unique identities. Thus through cultural competitiveness and sensitivity, corporate entities have the ability to initiate and maintain viable relationships in the market. This paper provides an explicit analysis of Australian Woolworth’s limited Company in light of its culture. In particular, it details how the company incorporates the component of biological traits related to culture in manufacturing, distributing and promoting its products to consumers.

Woolworths Limited ventures in extensive retailing in Australia as well as New Zealand. Currently, it is rated the larges food retailer, take away liquor retailer and hotel as well as Poker Machine operator in Australia. Notably, its operations have diverse implications on the welfare of the consumers. It is for this reason that it embeds the concepts of age, race, gender, sexual orientation as well as ethnicity in its consumer directed operations. With respect to age, the company sources it employees from the mature age bracket. In his research, Schein (2009) indicted that this age bracket in Australia is the most underutilized. Further, the company uses a friendly job application process that is reflective of the unique needs of this population (Grant, 2010).

With respect to promotion of products, the company employs strategies that are friendly and acceptable across all ages. During manufacturing of liquor, Penrith (2006) indicates that the company includes vital information regarding the implication of consumption to persons in all age groups. This is also adopted for other products such as cloths and general merchandise. This ensures that decisions undertaken are objective and based on informed thought. Most importantly, their facilities and services in stores and supermarkets address the holistic needs of persons form diverse age groups.

Seemingly, the extensive nature of the company implies that it serves a multi racial population across the country. Likewise, the company ensures that the needs of this population are addressed accordingly. In this regard, alternative information in various languages regarding the use of their product is provided for. In this regard, Schein (2004) appreciates that language differences are characteristic of racial diversity. Furthermore, employment opportunities tend to be open to person from different races. According to Taylor (2005), qualifications and competence, rather than racial orientation is included in the recruitment criteria. Likewise, the company addresses aspects relating to gender in different ways.

To begin with, Block (2009) ascertains that its work force comprises of a significant 55% of women. This ensures that particular concerns of female clients are incorporated in the decision making process. Further, the company undertakes frequent market researches to determine emerging concerns of different genders. Promotion strategies such as advertising refrain from capturing the female gender as being normative. In essence, Geetz (1997) and Kotter (1992) contend that the aspect of gender equality during the distribution and promotion of products is given priority. Also, promotion strategies that the company adopts are reflective of the language and values that are assumed by specific genders. A classic illustration of this pertains to the elimination of an aggressive tone and offensive terms when promoting products used by women (Martin, 2001).

With regard to ethnicity, Australian consumer base is multi ethnic in nature due to immigration. Current practices that seek to address relative concerns include the company’s respect and appreciation of persons from different ethnicities. This is apparent in its workforce that comprises of multiethnic individuals (Cameron & Quinn, 2005; Peterson, 2004). Besides ensuring that the languages employed in promotion and explanation of use of products reflects these, the company has taken practical measures to support various ethnic initiatives. For example, Company data according to Harvard Business Press (2002) shows that the company supports different Catholic learning institutions in the regions that they are located.

By integrating the code of respect for persons of all ethnicities in its company values, Woolworths has succeeded in implementing this aspect in the conduct of its employees. Also, the ethnic needs of the diverse consumer base have been addressed by the company through providing a wide range of products. In this regard, Usunier and Lee (2005) cite that different ethnicities consume varied types of food and related products. For example, the Muslims do not eat pork and Catholics do not eat meat during the period of lent of their religious calendar. The company addresses these concerns by providing respective ethnic groups with a wide range of alternatives products at affordable competitive prices.

Also worth acknowledging is the fact that the Australian client base is characterized by different health needs. The International Business Publications (2004) ascertains that it constitutes the disabled, the deaf and those affected with terminal illnesses. Woolworths has also taken different measures to provide for the needs of these populations. For instance, part of its employees has learnt sign language and can communicate with the deaf with ease (North & Toews, 1998). Moreover, they offer guides services within their stores to help the blind and other disabled personalities. Most importantly, they provide a wide range of products for this segment of the population. Equally important has been the ability of the company to cater for the needs of the gay, lesbians, trans-gendered and bisexual personalities. This according to Thomas and Inkson (2004) is reflected in their attitudes during interaction with these individuals.

Conclusion

Culture is an important aspect that sustainable business ventures incorporate in their operations. As it has come out form the study, Woolworths has successfully incorporated relative concerns in its operations. Indeed, aspects of gender, age, race, health, ethnicity and sexual orientation have been accorded utmost priority. Promotion strategies such as advertising are not only effective but also culturally sensitive. By providing a wide range of products, Woolworths ensures that it offers the client a variety of products and services from which they can choose from. This cultural competitiveness can be used to explain why the company is successful and very stable.

References

Block, R. (2009). Corporate Australia: Histories in Sound in the Oral History Collection in the State Library of New South Wales. The Oral Association of Australia Journal, 31, 21-29.

Cameron, K. & Quinn, R. (2005). Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Based on Competing Values Framework. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Geetz, C. (1997). The Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books.

Grant, R. (2010). Contemporary Strategy Analysis: Text & Cases. London: John Wiley & Sons.

Harvard Business Press. (2002). Harvard Business Review on Culture and Change. Harvard: Harvard Business Press.

International Business Publications (2004). Australia Business Intelligent Report. London: International Business Publications

Kotter, J. (1992). Corporate Culture and Performance. New York: The Free Press.

Martin, J. (2001). Organizational Culture: Mapping the Terrain. New York: Sage Publications.

North, P. & Toews, B. (1998). Succeed in Business: Australia. Singapore: Graphic Arts Center Publishing Company.

Penrith, D. (2006). Starting a Business in Australia. USA: Vacation

Peterson, B. (2004). Cultural Intelligence: A Guide to Working with People from other Cultures. USA: Intercultural Press.

Schein, E. (2004). Organizational Culture and Leadership. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Schein, E. (2009). The Corporate Culture Survival Guide. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Taylor, C. (2005). Walking the Talk. USA: Random House Business Books.

Thomas, D. & Inkson, K. (2004). Cultural Intelligence: People Skills for Global Business. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Usunier, J. & Lee, J. (2005). Marketing Across Cultures. London: Prentice Hall.

Trouble at Tessei

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Trouble at Tessei

Terubo Yabe, the newly appointed Director and General Manager of Tessei is tasked with reviving the 669-person subsidiary of East Japan Railway company which cleans bullet trains. The leaders have made multiple attempts to fix Tessei’s managerial control and monitoring problems, but none has been successful. Yabe seeks to adopt a new creative approach to address the problem.

Some of the critical challenges facing Tessei include customer complaints, employee recruitment and high turnover, and operational mistakes. Customer complaints are caused by the high expectations that Shinkanshen passengers have of Tessei Company. Worth noting, the customers received high-standards services such as perfectly clean spaces which were well-coordinated in seven minutes. Besides these, the clients expected that they would get the forgotten items on the train, which was impossible. Additionally, the customers complained about unkempt bathrooms on the train. The 7 minute standards order put the employees under pressure, yet most of them were above the age of 40, inexperienced or new. This makes it difficult for them to do the cleaning in a standardized yet rushed manner. The time was barely enough to clean all the available coaches. The result of this is that it led to frustrations and lack of motivation among employees, which explains the high turnover rates.

As regards operational mistakes, Tessei was forced to come up with ways to reduce costs as much as possible. The expenses were weighing in on them, and if they failed to take action, they would have been out of business. To do this, they resulted in reduced use of soap in the cleaning process. The issue de-motivated the employees significantly and they ended up leaving the company. Whenever employees tend to leave an organization at high rates, it weighs in on their human resources. Some tasks end up not being completed because of the shortfall of workers. If the issue is not addressed hastily, it can permanently affect the company, leading to closure. Managers also feel the effect because they experience a shortfall of manpower in their respective departments.

Makenna Goodman’s article

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Use of Pathos, Ethos, and Logos in Ever Wonder if You Could Kill What You Eat? We Did the Other Night

Introduction

Makenna Goodman’s article titled Ever Wonder if You Could Kill What You Eat? We Did the Other Night is about how killing the animals that people eat make them feel. The speaker notes that after watching farming animals get slaughtered in front of his eyes, he did not feel the urge to pat himself on his back. The article insists on the need to offer animals a good life even if humans facilitate their death in one way or another. This essay probes the use of ethos, pathos, and logos in the afore-mentioned article. Without a doubt, the article successfully employs ethos, pathos, and logos throughout the text.

Use of Pathos

To begin with, there is a successful use of pathos in Goodman’s article Ever Wonder if You Could Kill What You Eat? We Did the Other Night. On several occasions, the author has evoked the readers’ emotions to appeal to them. The author has connected to the emotions and senses of the readers. The main reason why the author does this is that she wants the readers to see beyond the food that they have. She wants them to wonder about the life the animals lived before it was killed and turned into a meal. For instance, the author talks about chicken killing at home in the third paragraph. She writes that “chicken killing at home is deep.” This way, she is appealing to the emotions of the reader and pushes into thinking whether it is ethical. The text notes that when it comes to the idea of taking away life at the homestead, people do not do it to show power other the animal. This prompts the readers into thinking beyond the chunk of meat they purchase at the supermarket. Goodman wants the readers to know that the meat does fall from the sky but rather comes from breathing and living being. In essence, although chicken killing is deep, it is necessary. Additionally, the author mentions Joel Salatin, at the front of the farming movement. Salatin is a supporter of home processing food methods (Goodman 03). To him, at-home food processing is the ultimate foundation of showing respect for animals. This shows that he has a deep connection for animals and in this manner, he urges the readers to buy-in to his ideologies. Goodman employs emotions to appeal to his readers.

Use of Ethos

Secondly, the author successfully employs ethos as a persuasive technique to appeal to the readers. Readers tend to associate the author’s character with their content. Readers will trust the content if the writer demonstrates that they are reliable. The article successfully employs ethos leaving the readers in a position to trust the content of the article. Worth noting, Makenna has had a successful career as an author over the years and is well-renowned for her writing prowess. Goodman has written essays, short fiction and literary criticism for international publication. These include the Harvard Review, New York Review of Books, Electric Literarture, the Los Angeles Review of Books, Catapult, and the Bomb. Additionally, she has appeared on interviews in various shows, including the Millions, Paris Review, the Rumpus, Guernica, Commonplace Podcast by Rachel Zucker, and EcoTheo. Worth noting, she is the brains behind the Shame, which was voted Harvard Review Favorite Book of 2020. The book was also named Literary Hub Recommended Read, a White Review Recommended Read, a Boston.com Book Club Pick, and Bustle Most Anticipated Book. The successful author is also an educator of literature and writing and has taught at graduate and high school levels in various institutions including the Center for Fiction based in Brooklyn, New York. Being this successful means that she is not only good at what she does but also a reliable professional. Throughout her career, she has never had any ethical issue which means that the readers can trust her works as reliable. Another reason why ethos are employed successfully in this article is that the publisher; Chelsea Green Publishing is also a reknowned American publishing organization. The fact that it specializes in publishing texts to do with organic farming, sustainable living, integrative health, and progressive politics means that they work with reliable professionals that can be trusted. Publishing Goodman’s content means that they have conducted research and find her thoughts valuable which speaks to her ethics. This shows those ethos are used successfully in the article.

Use of Logos

Thirdly, the author of the article also employs logos as a persuasive tool to push her agenda. Logos have to do with logic, and Goodman uses facts and figures to persuade the readers. For instance, in the first paragraph, Goodman narrates that she had fourteen people for dinner the previous night who all wanted chicken. In this context, the number of people is an indication of the emotional joy and turmoil that comes with having family around. Goodman says that there was plenty of activity with people running around, enjoying farm life and looking forward to balanced meals. It shows people’s thoughts as far as killing what we eat is concerned. It was an opportunity for Goodman to understand other people’s thoughts on at-home processing foods. The author also uses logos when she says that the joy of having many people around is that no one sits around without pitching in. This is true because people always help with tasks around. The use of logos is effective in showing the need to know the backstory of animals.

Conclusion

In closing, Goodman employs various tools of persuasion including, pathos, logos, and ethos, in her article Ever Wonder if You Could Kill What You Eat? We Did the Other Night. Pathos are effective in appealing to the readers’ emotions. It makes them want to know a backstory of the animal’s life. The ethos speaks to the credibility and reliability of the author and logos use facts and figures to push across their message. Without a doubt, the author is successful in employing them as tools of persuasion throughout the text.

Works Cited

Goodman, M. “Ever Wonder if You Could Kill What You Eat? We Did the Other Night.” Alternet.org, 28 Aug. 2009, www.alternet.org/2009/08/ever_wonder_if_you_could_kill_what_you_eat_we_did_the_other_night/.

Culture of Adasi in Alaini

Culture/ Diversity of Adasi

During last few years many Adasi leaders, manager and scholars have shown enthusiastic interest in understanding the role and nature of the Adasi culture. One of the main causes for rise in interest is, to understand the Adasi culture was to understand how it affects the Adasi changes: for a time it was seen as secret obstacle to success. The understanding of the Adasi culture is to help understand Adasi life more, that’s why understanding the Adasi life is important because the Adasi culture has influence the Adasi performance.

The main aim of this essay is to provide, importance of understanding the Adasi culture, mission and vision of the Adasi along with its culture strategy. In addition, the essay will discuss in depth of the Adasi management function in culture and its effectiveness, the essay will also discuss the issues related with the case of Adasi and in last providing the recommendation to an Adasi. The information is mainly based on the secondary data such as, information from the internet, books and journal articles. The essay will first provide the background of the Adasi and then it will discuss how the Adasi deals with culture.What’s more, the paper will examine the essentialness of comprehension the Adasi society. It is extremely important to comprehend what is mean by Adasi society before examining the essentialness of society. The society of the Adasi alludes to the special setup of standards, qualities, convictions method for carrying on along these lines on that describe the way in which groups and people join to accomplish things (Fulop & Linstead, 2004 pg.99). As per Anthony (1994), the term society is applied and general idea that is utilized, to incorporate numerous parts of the Adasi. Accordingly, numerous explores have done, how society is vital to Adasi, to discover the connection between the Adasi viability and. As the societies exist inside all the Adasi, it bodes well that some Adasi has better society then other; in any case, as fruitful society is regularly thought, when the worker’s objectives are adjusted to the Adasi Goals

Further, looking to one of the component of society, that is Leadership. Leaders can push an influential impact on the society of their Adasi, particularly in the event that they are the authors In the event of Adasi Page is the originator of the organization and thus, they go about as a pioneer for the organization by part displaying, instructing, tutoring and showing the criteria for choice and prizes. Besides Management is characterized as “the capacity to create and well-spoken a dream without bounds for the Adasi or a unit of the Adasi, to persuade others to become tied up with that vision and to get it actualized” (Rice & Beamish, 2008).

Kotter contends that authority included three key abilities, for example, setting heading for the Adasi, adjusting the individuals to the bearing and inspiring and enabling individuals They have set the bearing by having a mission to make data available to the world, adjusting the representatives to the course by propelling and enabling workers. Adasi has made fruitful and innovative worker environment that is unmistakable indication of the society, by giving the Management s like exercise center, pool tables, back rub rooms, clothes washer, feature recreations and table tennis (Towers, 2006). Alongside these offices, organization additionally gives free nibble, for example, carrot, yogurt, new foods grown from the ground, sticky bears and Mums, it has likewise got legitimate cafeteria giving express. Thusly Adasi has gone past essential physical needs to their representatives, for example, money related consultant, specialists, dental practitioners and back rub advisor to get free from the anxiety of the work. Hence, the organization made an Adasi society that is of abnormal amounts of amiability. Moreover, looking towards the motivational issue that has been distinguished by a percentage of the creators, one of the issue is depicted, he accepts that inspiration is interfaced with society with the five wellsprings of inspiration, for example, mission, plan control, and offer of worth creation, learning and notoriety. Looking towards the hypothesis connection of inspiration to the society the workers has abnormal state of inspiration in the organization.

In the setting of the work environment, esteeming diversity means making a working environment that regards and incorporates contrasts, perceiving the extraordinary commitments that people with numerous sorts of contrasts can make, and making a work environment that amplifies the capability of all workers. Why is assorted qualities essential in the work environment? Diverse qualities in the work spot is vital as it brings individuals of distinctive races, religion, and society together in an environment in which they are all attempting to addition a destination. Much like in customary society, diversity in the work place has numerous profits and increase at more prominent else’s benefit. In a diverse work put there are numerous nationalities and races which when assembled can achieve a lot of people new thoughts and advancements into the business sector and the worldwide economy.

Assorted qualities helps in bringing about a noticeable improvement as more diverse individuals cooperate in place for the item to succeed. (For an item to be a true accomplishment there must be assorted qualities in the item itself, as well as in the workforce and advertising of it.) This in this way lets us know that even the workforce and showcasing of an item needs to be diverse with the goal it should be full of feeling in picking up overall deal and development. The way that the workforce being diverse specifically helps in making an item fruitful is that assorted individuals who helped in the assembling or advertising of the item are individuals from different societies, races or sex. They see things contrastingly if an organization enlists the same sort of individuals who have the same kind of experience and instruction and don’t know much about assorted qualities will all be in all likelihood comparable. In the event that u put in a diverse workforce you are more probable see contrasts which are great and every individual has his or her own specific method for seeing something. This is better that having a group of people with the same thoughts or taste.

Most organizations these days contract a diverse workforce consequently. They need to see a change in items, and thoughts. This is the reason diverse organizations that contract from around the globe paying little mind to anything have better thoughts and developments as there is a group of individuals who are altogether different structure each other cooperating. Youngsters these days are given employments in higher parts of Adasi in light of the fact that their commitments to organizations are significant.

Diverse qualities profits everybody in all parts of the employment the representative, organization, partners, and society by and large. There is no motivation behind why any business shouldn’t have a diverse workforce. Presently in the 21st century everything is going to be diverse nations all in all have enormous populaces of different races and it realizes change and social acknowledgement. Organizations will must be assorted so as to survive this time that we live in.Organizational communication

Communication within the organization has been known to have Adasi with worker fulfillment and additionally their profit. It is likewise perceived as the principle method for transmitting and molding society. Research has additionally observed that there is an unequivocal positive relationship between communication fulfillment and workers’ Adasi duty. High communication adequacy is interfaced to better monetary execution and Adasi strength (Internal communication viability improves end result results, diary of Adasi magnificence.

This gives a review of the components of corporate communication all the communication inside an Adasi, for example, managerial communication, authoritative communication and showcasing communication. Managerial communication. It is alluded that “supervisors communication with inner and outside target groups, to transmit authority and accomplish co-operation”. Management’s utilization of communication is concerned with creating an imparted vision of the organization inside the Adasi, making trust in the authoritative authority, starting and dealing with the change process, and engaging and rousing representatives.

This brings up that each Adasi independent of the size or object of business exercises has one sort of open, i.e. the inward open, representatives. The achievement of the Adasi to a great extent relies on upon this sort of people in general. The readiness of workers to attain goals, methodology, mission and vision of the Adasi impacts the preference of the Adasi. Andy Parsley in the article “Guide for representative engagement” states Communication is not pretty much advising individuals what you need them to do or are going to do to them – it is about honest to goodness two-route dialog with both representatives and the outside world.Leadership at Adasi

Leadership has huge effect on execution and society has interceding part between initiative styles and execution of the Adasi. Society contorts leadership – execution relationship. In this segment we analyze interface between leadership styles and execution, hierarchical society execution relationship and society Management styles relationship.

Past studies in regards to the improvement of human asset clarify the qualities of practices of initiative where it centers bigger on the relationship sort in the middle of leaders and adherents in an Adasi. Such connections happen in two differentiation structures called transformational and transactional leadership. Burns firstly created the both initiative styles in 1978 and this was stretched. Transformational leadership includes the capacity to rouse and inspire adherents. Research discoveries help the procedure based methodology to leadership. This methodology sets that an individual is affected by actuating interior helpers. A methodology based perspective of leadership includes the capacity to inspire supporters to act, perceiving that the capacity to effectively impact others is the substance of Management. Adasi in the United Arab Emirates are experiencing a period of progress. The Quality of their future relies on upon how well they react to developing substances in the bigger world past their divide.

Group Dynamics at Adasi

At the group level of examination, authoritative conduct includes the investigation of group progress, intra- and intergroup clash and attachment, leadership, power, standards, interpersonal communication, systems, and parts. At this level of investigation, authoritative conduct draws upon the sociological and socio-mental sciences. At the point when there are groups it is characteristically the first thing strike a chord is Management. Adasi can have numerous distinctive groups. At times they can be formal and evident commonly they are casual. These groups assumes an essential part in an Adasi as these groups can be dealt with as vitality cells, which think a few pockets of force. These purloins are vital to focus the accomplishment of Adasi. Then again this is the place authoritative legislative issues and Management comes in. The extent that Adasi are concerned most discriminating choices are originating from executive board. Case in point these choices can be sanction just by dominant part. To settle on choices successful and comes into play they need to get the backing of subordinates. As the exploration to Prof Robert Reich, he finds that ordinarily the subordinates don’t backing to the legitimate exactness of choices, yet they backing to the individual attributes or whatever other initiative qualities (Rudolf, 2009). 

There most the time subordinates location issues with hunches. This is the reason group conduct is so essential. In the event that Adasi can structure groups which doesn’t obey just to the premonition yet put some exertion to overcome mental resistances and go to some normal choices; such sort of Adasi improve all hands on deck. Richard exchanging, one nearby Adasi once utilized just board parts from two families. At the board they generally had this force battle. Yet in any case the board was presented with experts and the group began performs than at no other time. Since their group chiefs didn’t stop to their hunch. This gives how group practices can be best powerful to Adasi. In the event that an Adasi truly concentrate on these group practices they can turn them into their profits. Most the time casual group practices seen bringing negativities to the Adasi. At the same time successfully utilized these practices can be utilized for Adasi focal points.

References

Astier, C., Bonfort, Y., & Brunel, A. (1999). U.S. Patent No. 5,921,644. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Colloud, A., & Petre, J. M. (1998). U.S. Patent No. 5,713,480. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Rudolf, A. (2009). U.S. Patent No. 4,545,660. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Using Class work to make Portfolio About Myself.

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Using Class work to make Portfolio About Myself.

Initial question 1: What do I value most in life?

Initial Question 2: What is my career goal?

Initial Question 3: What am I most curious about?

While reading through the Cap Portfolio instructions, and resume, I reflected upon the approved portfolio items I choose from in the previous assignment. I came up with three questions as they easily make up my portfolio. While I feel I did a good job in writing the resume cover letter, and video-selfie tasks, I can polish and revise them a bit. The above three questions can easily tell about my portfolio. To answer the questions, I value family, friendships, honesty, and life itself most. Family is everything for me and I feel we should love our family a lot. Friendships are what keeps me going, especially in the face of problems. It is good to know there is someone to talk to and rely on during the worst times of life. My career goal is to use my knowledge, skills, and expertise for the betterment of society. I am most curious about the tomorrow and what the world has in store for us.

Culture of the Chinese Women

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Culture of the Chinese Women

China is one of the nations in East Asia that has a wealth of history on the roles of women in the society and it offers a good platform to see the dynamic change in the roles of women from traditional China to the present day. In one of the books written by a historian by the name Pan Chao, he said: “Let a woman modestly yield to others. Let her respect others. Let her put others first, herself last. If she does something that is considered good, she should keep silent and not mention it. If she does something that is considered bad, let her not deny it. Let her bare disgrace and let her endure when others speak evil or do evil to her…always let her seem to tremble and fear” (Kazuko, and Joshua 78). This audacious statement was put together by a respected man in ancient China whose opinion mattered in the courts of law and exerted great influence on the judge’s decision and judgment served to women. This is a brief peak into the setting of China about 2000 years ago.

In ancient China, the girl child was always treated with contempt and referred to with disappointment by the men who would tower over them as though they were gods to be served and satisfied by the women. The women were more often than not looked upon as concubines and no woman would claim right, whether legally or morally to be the sole wife of one man. The men had every right to take to themselves as many women as he would to be his multiple wives. The married women would also fall in a hierarchy based on simple factors as, the maid who was most favored by the master would come top of the list. Other bases would be the order in which they were married. To say that women in Chinese history were treated as animals would almost be an understatement since some of the practices were bordering evil. For example, one of the most common practices in ancient China was that of crippling women which started from their childhood where their feet would be bound (Greenhalgh 56). The arch of each foot would be deliberately broken and the foot tied to prevent it from growing. This would latter lead to a painful hobbling kind of motion for the women and their mobility would be limited to household chores.

In the process of time, wealthy households and the non-aristocratic Chinese could not afford to have their women unable to work due to the crippling so they opted to keep them as slaves. They did jobs such as spinning clothes, processing tea and other labour intensive tasks in the home. During these severe times of inequality, there were individuals who arose to show that women were not as useless as deemed and that they could exert a certain degree of influence. For example, in ancient history, the heir to the Chinese throne was taken by a young boy whose mother; ‘Empress Dowager’ was the true ruler (Greenhalgh 71). Another interesting area to note as the changes in tradition changed overtime, the role of arranging marriages was handed to an aunt or older female relatives. They decided which families would be allied by marriage and who would pay the dowry to whom. In some regions of ancient China an interesting tradition was developed of having groups of 6 to 7 women who would be “sworn-sisters” and they would even develop their language and system of writing to help them communicate amongst themselves.

On the onset of the 19th century, there was an outcry of discontentment amongst the Chinese people regarding the roles of the women. However, it was not until the short lived Chinese republic that there was significant progress in the fight for women rights. The rise of communists under the Mao caused a shift in the long held beliefs and traditions that degraded the Chinese people and they were willing to die for their beliefs and one of their goals was to erase the inequality between the men and women once and for all. In these times women worked outside their home, were educated and involved themselves in political matters (Kazuko, and Joshua 81). With the death of Mao the nation moved towards a state capitalism economy. The fact that there has been an increasing influence on consumerism and the increased levels of technological advancement has made the western cultures to rub up on the eastern cultures and women have equal rights with men and it is highly improbable that the traditional values and cultures against women will find root in China ever (Cecilia 71).

The role of women in the society and the economy at large cannot be underestimated. Women, like the men play a critical role in the society covering from economic to cultural and biological. As dictated by the society, women and men are expected to live in accordance with the societal laws and norms or social values that act as the guiding principles for the spirit of togetherness and communism. Women are perceived as weaker creators with little and insignificance influence in the social and economic development of any country. Besides, women are often engaged in unproductive and non-income generating activities. This has served as the barrier point that has obstructed these women from exploring their potentials for the betterment of the living standards of the entire generation. For a long time, the Chinese women too were oppressed by the ‘self-claimed superior sex’ (Greenhalgh 99). Through such oppression and discrimination, the Chinese women had no ability to realize their potentials and significantly contribute to the economic growth and development.

However, Chinese women, unlike the rest of the women (especially Africans), have broken the odds and the cultural barriers that restricted their position and contribution in the society. Owing to the difference in the gender ordination and roles in the Chinese culture, women had no opportunity to unleash their portfolio or potential for the gain of the entire Chinese community. These differences in Chinese culture with respect to gender prompted women to go out of the way thereby becoming more substantive that the male counterpart. Women are charged with the responsibility of caring for the entire family members and the community at large (Cecilia 78-9). In so providing, these women had no choice but to be very active and hard working. For this reason, most Chinese women become more productive and substantive at the expense of men who should be the bread winners. The other main reason why women became more productive than men is demographic factors. The population dominance of the female in China played a role in the development and growth of the female characters to take-up the responsibility of providing for their families (Kazuko, and Joshua 51-7).

The discrimination and inequality between men and women in the Chinese culture is attributed to the feminine nature of the Chinese culture. According to the Chinese culture and tradition, women are just but objects of slavery and exploitation. This act of discrimination against female characters starts at birth through the celebrations and birth parties. In this culture of the Chinese, a birth of a baby boy is valued and celebrated than the birth celebration for girls. The differences in the treatment of men and women in the society through inequality is evidence beyond the social spheres. It is noted that in the Chinese culture, women were charged with the responsibility of caring for the family and serving the needs and demands of the entire family while men were breadwinners by name (Cecilia 85). This limited their access to resources therefore, limited ability to growth and development. On the other hand, the inequality is between these characters is evidenced by the fact that women were meant to serve as slave. The slavery and the servitude nature of the male counterparts made these female characters weaker and of less value to the Chinese economy. Women therefore served as servants in the firms of their masters at zero or exploitative compensations. According to the Chinese culture, women unlike the men were not accorded the opportunity to access education and other academic professions. This in turn made them more vulnerable to male slavery as they lacked the technical and professional skills needed in the job market owing to the competitive nature of the labor market (Li, Yu-ning 67).

The inequality in the Chinese cultures is also evidenced by the issue of marriages and marriage rights. However, women have no right to choose their loved partners. They have no voice or say on who becomes their live partner. Ladies and the female characters are forced into marriages with their parents (particularly fathers) negotiating these marriage arrangements without the consent of the lady (Tao 39). In some incidences, parents exchange their girls as a way of maintaining social and economic status. This is an indication of lack of equality and freedom on personal life and choices. Although this inequality still exists in the twenty first century, the magnitude of such gender inequality and discrimination is minimal. Unlike in the conservative Chinese culture where women were more of objects to the male, the modern world has recognized the position and contribution of women. Lack of freedom for Chinese women is explained by the fact the single women are outlawed from living on their own in apartments. Instead, they are forced to reside with single mothers in the dormitories (Tao 45-6). On the extreme, even the learned few are not allowed by their husbands to participate in formal employment.

The “one child policy’ enacted by the Chinese government has worsen the position of women in the society. One unbelievable effect of this policy is the killing of girls. The policy restricted the number of births a woman would have. According to this policy, Chinese women were not allowed to have more than one child. However, given the cultural value for boys, women who had given birth to girls opted to kill their children in order to allow room for boys. Although the single-child policy was aimed at controlling the population growth rate of China, the effects of this policy have negatively impacted on Chinese communities and population (Li, Yu-ning 37). One of the major set-back of the single-child policy is the ethical and biological concerns. Through this policy, it has been reported that there has been a significance increase in the case of selected-abortion. Abandonment of infants of female sex and sex-selective induced abortions in the favor of boys is one of the leading impacts of this policy in China. Such acts are unethical and may have long-lasting implications on the demographic and biological statistics of China. The post-natal factors and cultural value for male children has resulted into unforeseen gender imbalance because of the rise in the adoption of modern family planning and other birth control mechanisms (Cecilia 101-3). Although it is acknowledged that overpopulation pose a great danger to the Chinese resources and economy, the state-restricted reproduction and toxic cultural preference for male as opposed to girls has resulted into gender imbalance with the males outnumbering females, deeply desired abortions, and children kidnapping leaving the affected families in pain and agony.

Works Cited

HYPERLINK “http://www.google.co.ke/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Cecilia+Nathansen+Milwertz%22” Cecilia N. Milwertz. Accepting Population Control: Urban Chinese Women and the One-child Family Policy. HYPERLINK “http://books.google.co.ke/url?client=ca-print-tandf_uk-routledge&format=googleprint&num=0&channel=BTB-ca-print-tandf_uk-routledge+BTB-ISBN:0700704574&q=http://www.routledge.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp%3Fsku%3D%26isbn%3D0700704574%26parent_id%3D%26pc%3D&usg=AFQjCNEiyuVGLLvdvT3gGCDNtEIW8cG4Hw&source=gbs_buy_r” Routledge. 1997. Print.

Greenhalgh, Susan. Just one child: science and policy in Deng’s China. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2008. Available online.

Li, Yu-ning. Chinese women through Chinese eyes. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. 2002. Print.

Ono, Kazuko, and Joshua A. Fogel. Chinese women in a century of revolution, 1850-1950. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. 2009.

Tao, Jie. Holding up half the sky: Chinese women past, present, and future. New York: Feminist Press at the City Univ. of New York. 2004. Print.

culture of UAE

Introduction

UAE is the most globalized nation in the Middle East in light of the fact that Abu Dhabi, emirates with enormous oil riches and Dubai with entrepreneurial aptitudes was opened as business center point not long after in the wake of picking up autonomy from British. Much sooner than UAE had begun opening up to unhindered commerce, free development of work and joint business wanders then alternate nations in Middle East. One Mr. James is planning to invest in the country. Therefore, this paper will address the most important business customs that he should know.

Interview Questions

How does religion influence business here?

Are family and tribal connection related to business activities? How are social structure covered towards business success?

Are the people hospitable? What are the factors that make them or do not make them so?

What is considered as the normal working days?

Do people have extension in meetings if held officially?

What is the attitude of the people towards time? Are they time managers or not?

Does demographics such as age affect business in this country?

How does the status of the people affect business? How can one win both poor and affluent status of the people towards business success?

What are the business practices affected by culture?

What are the consequences of failing business cultures?

Meals Culture

The people of united Arab Emirate are known to have a culture of meals that is different from the others in the world. There have different styles asking for meals as well as those for turning meals. It is evident that the people always have a certain culture to ask for meals, though this is changing over time. For example, it is very easy to know if a person from Dubai is there for a meal or note. For those who want a mean and are really in need they always have a rush behavior when asking for the meal, but they do not want the mean they on the other hand tarnish the meal. However, this has changed over the years whereby the people of UAE are very hospital and this is a national culture intended to increase tourism in the country. The people of today, have a catchy behavior when asking for meals at homes and even in the hotels or restaurants. For the sake of this paper, the behavior will be analyzed based on those in business places. Today, they humbly ask for meals, at hotels. The other culture is when the people enjoy the means. When the people enjoy means them behavior differently. For example, the male will ask for more of the food, while the women will thank the management as ask to purchase take away meals for their kids if they were not with them. In addition, the people come back to the restaurant when they enjoy the meals. For a business case, the people just leave the business if they do not want east meals or make several excuses.

Body Language

The culture of UAE has various communications patterns embedded in one on one communication between individuals and between groups. Use of gesture is one of the communication patterns used by the people of UAE. However, there are several gesture and behaviors that are considered offensive to the people. Pointing at some with your hand is one of the gestures that is not accepted by the people of Dubai and UAE at large. In business, it is always not right for the businesspersons to look down while taking to the customers. In addition, shouting at some is a behavior not acceptable by the people of Dubai. In a meal, it is clear to the people of UAE that taking meals and talking is not permitted and is considered a taboo to the people. Sneezing while in a group of people without covering the nose is also considered as unethical behavior amid the people of UAE hence considered offensive. Women are not allowed to shake their body in front of the public in UAE. This is considered as against the culture of the people. Spitting carelessly in the public is a behavior note permitted by the people of UAE hence considered as an offensive behavior.

Gender

There are two different scenarios when it comes to gender issue in business in the UAE. The customers of UAE are in two groups the elderly and the youth or the generation Y. To the elderly, it is evident without doubt that the elderly are not for that men and women have the same right when it come to business issues. They considered the women a subordinates. For this reason, it is advisable that such clients are treated based on this culture in order to retain them as your clients. In such as case a male clients of that age should be handle with a male staff and so does a female client of that elderly age.

On the other hand, the generation Y, are not there discriminating gender. They consider male and female as equal when it comes to business. This is so because, even the current arms of government are there supporting women right hence taking part in business equally to men is one of the rights. Therefore, the existence of the mixed culture on male and women take in business demands the entrepreneur to differentiate the two groups when making business in order to maximize sales.

Conclusion

The UAE culture is known for its casual, great way and loose conduct and has solid vertical progression. Middle Easterners are reliable by nature and are firmly impacted by the estimations of their culture which they actualized in their associations. The administration and workers are relied upon to take after the institutionalized structure and arrangements of associations that are impacted by the Emirati culture and consequently, the Emirati culture has solid effect keeping in mind the end goal to actualize International business culture

Reference

Ahmed, M. M., Chung, K. Y., & Eichenseher, J. W. (2003). Business students’ perception of ethics and moral judgment: a cross-cultural study. Journal of Business Ethics, 43(1-2), 89-102.

Williams, J. (1998). Don’t they know it’s Friday: cross cultural considerations for business and life in the Gulf. Motivate.

Culture Presentation

Culture Presentation

Name

Date

Culture Presentation

In this paper, I would like to give an in-depth discussion on the effects of intercultural communication on the Emiratis business community. I believe we all know that Vietnam is a multiethnic nation with a total of 54 tribes. This makes it a dynamic and culturally rich society. As Confucian followers, the Vietnamese are really devoted people who deeply observe the stringent Confucius ethical standards Jahn, GC. (2006).

For the Emiratis to succeed in their business activities in this country, they must learn the various aspects of Vietnamese culture. If they understand their cultural different, they will be in a better position to fit in without any problem (Herring, G.C., 2007). Some of the major aspects of the Vietnamese cultural practices that directly influence business include the following:

The Emiratis should begin their operations by establishing personal relationships with the Vietnamese. It is a communication norm to begin any transaction after building a very strong rapport (Murray, G., 1997).

All the business communications should be formal. The Vietnamese are so suspicious about foreigners. So, for the Emiratis to ensure that they are fully endorsed, they must ensure that all their deals are formalized.

It is the culture of Vietnamese to maintain loyalty and trust in their business operations. Therefore, when making communications, the involved parties must be truthful and fulfill all their pledges. Otherwise, they will contravene the Confucius doctrine of responsibility, obligation and benevolence.

When carrying out international communications, the Emiratis must ensure that they show regard to the elderly. This means that the decision of the old people should not be questioned. People should be respected not based on their education or experience, but based on their age (Peter C. P., 2005).

In conclusion, I would like to agree with the fact that Vietnam has lots of business opportunities that should be exploited. However, the foreign investors such as the Emirs must be well conversant with aspects of their culture. if they act this way, they will succeed in their business activities.

References

Herring, G.C.(2007) America’s Longest War: The United States and Vietnam, 1950–1975.

Jahn, GC. (2006). The dream is not yet over. In: P. Fredenburg P, Hill B, editors. Sharing rice for peace and

prosperity in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Victoria, Australia: Sid Harta Publishers.

Murray, G. (1997). Vietnam: Dawn of a New Market. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Peter C. P. (2005). Vietnamese-American Catholics. Ethnic American pastoral spirituality series.

Paulist Press.

Culture, Clothing, Immigration, Emigration, and Migration

Culture, Clothing, Immigration, Emigration, and Migration

Name

Institution

Culture, Clothing, Immigration, Emigration, and Migration

Tracht is a local term in Germany used to refer to the country’s traditional cloths, hairstyles, beards and accessories. It is a common term among the Germans and a tradition related to this country. Leather knee-length trousers commonly identify tracht among men in German. Alternatively, they can wear short pants made from the same material together with wool socks along with rustic shoes. Women also have their attire under the same group of traditional clothing. Tracht among women includes the dirndl, which is a huge full-length skirt of dress (Gordeeva, 2012). This is worn alongside a bodice, which is a closefitting attire and an apron to complete the women’s tracht. Hats are also a common part of the complete tracht outfit.

Traditionally, the tracht was common among all Germans, but times have altered the dress code in most parts of the country. Currently, the tracht is associated with people residing in the southern part of Germany. For example, people from Bavaria and Munich still value this dress code as a prestigious wear. As such, the tracht is not an everyday costume for people to wear, but rather a ceremonial dress. It commands respect and value for tradition among its wearers. For example, people attending wedding ceremonies often find it fit to wear the tracht (Tiffany, 2012).

Tracht is a costume associated with traditions and not religion. Back in the days, everyone wore a tracht from men to women and children. However, it was highly associated with various characteristics in the society. In earlier times, it was a tradition kept with the aim of identifying the various social and legal groups in society. For example, married people could be identified with the way they dressed, and so could the single people in the community. Law enforcers in the society and judges were also identified by the tracht they wore whilst among other citizens.

The reason behind the wear during the olden days was keeping up with traditions. People had to have a distinct way of identifying each other in the society. For example, single individuals, married and divorced people were social statuses that were distinctively determined by way of dressing. Currently, modernization has revolutionized the way people dress and the tracht are among the least worn cloths in Germany. People wear the tracht in ceremonies for modesty purposes. Its significance as a traditional symbol is still thriving among the German people. Visitors to the country often identify the tracht among the dress codes they would expect to see many people upholding. Conversely, it is more of a common practice among people in the south of Germany than in the urban areas (Munich Found, 2004).

The tracht as aforementioned is a dress code that roots its source to the traditional days. During this time, German’s citizens considered it as a crucial wear that spoke volumes about their cultural practices and had identification among the people. Although the dress code was overridden by modern ways of dressing, it is still a vital part of German traditional practices (Tiffany, 2012).

In order for an individual to be properly assimilated into a new culture, she should reject the traditions and culture of her previous country and concentrate on those of the new country. Wearing items that identify an individual with a culture outside his or her adoptive country slows down the assimilation process, or worse, alienates the individual from his or her adoptive society. The statement is in reference to a case where one migrates to a new country or region, and the culture is different. I partially agree with this statement since one has the capability of accommodating new cultures while at the same time retaining previous ones. For example, in my case, I would want to retain a culture of wearing cloths bearing my country’s name. It is significant for me to preserve this culture to avoid losing my cultural roots. Indeed, if I were denied this opportunity, I would be disappointed since I would be losing an integral part of me.

References

Gordeeva, T. (2012. A glimpse from the past: Native German clothing (Dirndl and Tracht). German Culture. Retrieved on 14 Oct. 2013 from http://www.germanculture.com.ua/library/weekly/aa073100a.htm

Munich Found. (2004). Back on Tracht. Retrieved on 14 Oct. 2013 from http://www.munichfound.com/archives/id/96/article/1865/

Tiffany. (2012). Debunking myths about Germany: Trachten. No Ordinary Homestead. Retrieved on 14 Oct. 2013 from http://www.noordinaryhomestead.com/debunking-myths-about-germany/