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lesson critique

Lesson critique

Name:

Institution:

Formative assessment. (group work)

Strengths: Combination of ideas from different students improves learning; Weak students can get help from their peers in the group through discussion; Encourages teamwork and cooperation among students.

Weaknesses: Possibility of some students not participating and letting others do all the work; Individual attention by teacher to weak student is lost

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Relevance of assessments

The formative assessment enables the students to grasp the basic concepts of the topic while the summative test gives them a deeper understanding of the three aspects of irony as well as a chance to demonstrate what they have understood

Summative assessment.

Strengths: Promotes deeper understanding of the concept through discussion and active criticism; Encourages interaction of students and fosters good relationships.

Weaknesses: Student will not learn all the three available options since discussion is only between two

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Collection of feedback.

Pros: level and scope of understanding is assessable as students get a chance to present what they have learnt, and the method allows for learning from peers through group work and student to student criticism and correction.

Cons: students may not cover the three presentation areas; they are only required to cover two so the feedback may not be conclusive criticism from fellow students may not be sufficient.

Instructional strategies.

Strengths: encompasses the entire scope of the topic covering verbal situational and dramatic irony; encourage teamwork and group participation and peer learning through group work

Weaknesses: one on one interaction by the teacher with students is minimal; the tests do not exhaustively cover the entire scope of the topic for each student, and could promote laziness in some students who will rely on their group members to do all the work.

References

Borich, D. B. (2013). Effective teaching methods: research based practice. Pearson.

Embrey, S. (2010). Teachers lesson planner and record book. Sterling

Grant, C. A., and Sleeter, C. E. (2006). Turning on learning: five approaches for multicultural teaching plans for race, class gender and disability.

Lessons learnt from American Civil war

Lesson Learnt from American Civil warStudent’s Name:

Institution:

Date:

Lessons learnt

The American civil war was the outcome of years of difference in ideologies and economic differences between the North and the South. In my opinion, it however broke out when least expected. The two factions had co-existed for years in spite of their differences. The election of Abraham Lincoln at a time where slavery was the focus of the South’s economy caused many southerners jitters. They feared that their livelihood would be compromised by abolition of slavery, thus they opted to secede for their economic survival (Keene 2010)

McClure however makes it clear that slavery was just the white crest of a strong wave that had rocked the Union since its inception CITATION McC86 l 1033 (McClure 1886). He faults George Washington and Thomas Jefferson for failing to explicitly outline the powers of the states and those of the central government. Jefferson’s believe in ‘power for the people’ was used by the southerners who perceived the Northerners as infringing into their freedom to keep slaves.

Despite the casualties, the War managed to unite the Union once again. The Civilian War can thus be viewed as a necessary evil that enhanced America’s unity. McClure highlights the reluctance the soldiers had when fighting their brothers. It is this brotherhood that aided the union’s post war prosperity and patriotism. It also enhanced the status of African Americans who were finally granted citizenship.

This whole course has brought to light the patriotism and selflessness the founding fathers of America portrayed in fighting for the rights of their people. It has instilled in me a sense of patriotism and identity that will help me in interacting with fellow citizens and taking part in national processes like voting.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY McClure, Alexander Kelly. “The lesson of our civil war.” Pamphlets on the Civil War, 1861-1865, 1886.

Keene, J. D., Cornell, S., & O’Donnell, E. T. (2010). Visions of America: A history of the United States. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

lesson plan For Grade level kindergarten

lesson plan For Grade level: kindergarten

Content: drawing, singing, actingLesson outcome: children will be able to sing and have social interactive activities to help them supplement the class work and improve their co-curricular activities.

DAY ONE:

Singing

Objectives:

Singing while expressing them.

Singing will help them explore their talents.

It will create an optional activity for them to spend their pass time.

It will provide for an optional method to express their feelings.

Pupil’s task;

Be willing to learn new songs

Participate in class activities

Be willing to participate as a group member

Teacher’s task;

Teach the children new and educative songs.

Coordinate the children to sing together.

DAY TWO:

Drawing

Objectives;

For the children to learn how to express themselves through drawing.

To enhance the child’s ability to handle drawing materials.

To enhance the child’s talent .Pupils task;

To follow the teachers instructions on how to undertake this activity.

To bring with them drawing tools.

Teachers task;

To guide the children on how to draw.

Ensure that the children use their tools effectively.

DAY THREE

Acting

Objectives;

To nature the children’s talent

To provide an avenue where the child can express himself/ herself

Pupil’s task;

To follow the teachers guidelines

To be willing to work in a group setting.

Teacher’s task;

To show the children how to dramatise and express themselves through acting.

Provide plays which are fun and easy to act. In case of plays with a complicated plot the teacher should simplify it and rewrite it in a simpler way.

By developing a class with same activities all aimed at achieving one prime objective that is to develop a child’s talent and grouping the lessons or units in a way that all contents complement one another for example in the case above, all are involved with self expression (Lee, 2000).

Through bringing children and other people from outside to help and to motivate the children through competitions, this adds to the teaching skills and the impact of one’s teaching skills.

Children will be able to assess themselves through several internal and external competitions so as to prove if the skills and approaches are working for them or not, children will develop a repertoire of themselves through the skills and their performance in class through presentations(Lee, 2000).

References:

Lee, A. M., Thomas, K. T., & Thomas, J. R. (2000). Physical education for children: daily lesson plans for middle school (2nd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Lesson Plan Format

Lesson plan format

ISU Student’s Name ______________________________ Date & Time of Lesson ________ Grade ________

Lesson Plan Format

Rationale The fourth graders need to understand various literary devices used in English literature. They can get relevant information from the pieces of literature that will let them know how the world works.

Student Outcomes (objective)

And

Academic Standards

The learner will master new vocabularies from the pieces of literature that they will read.

The learner will improve on their reading and writing skills.

Identify the literary devices used in the pieces of literature.

Materials to Collect and Preparation Before Teaching poetry books

short stories

a narrator

an educative movie

Educative song

Differentiation Students below grade level

I will guide them in reading the pieces of literature and then involve them in a discussion that will assist them understand the literary devices and styles. They will also watch the movie and listen to the music to identify these devices with my assistance.

Students below grade level

I will gauge their current level of understanding and then give them tests then discuss them later to foster to them appropriate information.

Teaching Procedures Anticipatory set

I will play the music collection I brought to class and give the learners a brief sneak into what the movie is all about. We will then discuss what literature is a class and distinguish between what traditional and formal means.

Procedures

I will define the term literature to the students and then ask them to give me example of literature materials based on the explanation that I shall have given.

I will ask the learners how literature was used both in the traditional society and the current one.

I will then describe to them the literacy devices and then give them examples of where they have been used.

Guided instructions- directions flow

Formative assessment- directions flow

Closure- directions flow

Guided Practice and/or Independent

Using my music collection as the background beat I will ask the students who are in a dancing mood to dance and those who are in a singing mood to sing.

Closure

I will engage them in singing a song, especially a tribal song, so that they end the class in a happy note.

Assessment of Student Outcomes Formative Assessment

I will give the learners a quiz to ascertain their level of comprehension of the concepts taught.

Reflection on Teaching the Lesson I have mainly focused on the common forms of literature and literary devices. Most of the materials are familiar to them. I intend to get deeper and dig up concepts that they might not been familiarized with yet.

Leadership Consultants

Leadership Consultants

Name

Institutional affiliation

Instructor

Course

Date

Leadership Consultants.

INTRODUCTION

“The true mark of a leader is the willingness to stick with a bold course of action — an unconventional business strategy, a unique product-development roadmap, a controversial marketing campaign — even as the rest of the world wonders why you’re not marching in step with the status quo,” Taylor (2010). Slide Click. A leader in the push that forces members towards achieving the objectives of a company.

According to Hao and Yazdanifard (2015), one of the essential elements of management in an organization is effective leadership since it helps sustain the business and handle problems experienced in the company. Slide Click. It is leaders who take charge and control the undertakings of an organization, and able leaders should be in a position to set optimistic objectives and at the same time drive the company towards those aims by executing appropriate techniques and strategies. Slide Click. For a company to be successful in all its undertakings, effective leadership is paramount and very essential. Slide Click. Today, I will be talking to you about the importance of effective leadership in an organization; problems faced due to lack of good leadership, and how our company, our company will help a company overcome leadership problems and build leadership skills. Slide Click.

Let us first look at the situation of a company facing leadership problems.

BODY

As a result of poor leadership in an organization, organizational culture becomes poor, resources are mismanaged, and there is a loss of motivation to work. Overall, this leads to a lack of achievement of the organization’s goals.

Slide Click. Let’s take an example, shall we? A company has the aim to make 10% more sales in the coming month. However, the leaders fail to motivate the employees to work wards this goal, lack transparency, absent them from their responsibilities and mismanage available resources. It would be, in such a situation, difficult for the organization to make the additional sales.

Slide Click. Causes of leadership issues include lack of trust between the leaders or between leaders and their employees, lack of enthusiasm, lack of follow up on delegated tasks, and bad attitude towards colleagues and subordinates.

Slide Click. Effects of leadership issues in an organization include money wastage on unproductive performance, time wastage in correcting wrongdoings of the leaders, and wasted potential of people who would have done better in the job. Due to leadership issues, motivation might also deteriorate in the employees.

It is clear that we have a problem, but what is the solution?

Slide Click. Our company can resolve the leadership issues we have just seen by identifying the root causes of these issues, specific to the leaders in this organization, and work to reduce or eliminate and build better leadership skills.

Slide Click. Good leadership in an organization is evidenced by several aspects. One, leaders have a good relationship with their subordinates. According to Shibu (2015), Dynatrace was the leading company in 2015 in terms of good leadership. Slide Click. Employees at Dynatrace said that “The leadership team is approachable and inclusive. They keep innovation and growth at the forefront of their agenda” Shibu (2015). Our company would determine whether the organization’s leaders are aware of the needs of their subordinates and whether they care about their growth personally and professionally.

Slide Click. As leadership consultants, we will use different methods to identify the causes of leadership issues in the company. One way would be working with the employees and asking them questions about their relationship with the leaders. Leadership issues will be present if employees complain of lack of motivation, career development, poor pay, and harshness of leaders towards them. Slide Click. We would also question the leaders to see if they delegate duties to teams and if they follow up to see that the duties are completed in good time and the right way. We would also seek to know the methods that the leaders use in motivating the employees to work towards attaining the organization’s objectives.

Slide Click. To address the leadership issues identified, we will first get rid of non-serious leaders who waste time, resources and fail to motivate their subordinates. Secondly, we will ensure that the leaders’ objectives are specific, measurable, realistic, and time-bound. Slide Click. In addition, we will urge the leaders to ensure that they delegate more duties and, above that, ensure that they are clear about the purpose of the tasks, believe in those they are delegating the tasks to, prioritize the tasks in order of importance and assess and reward the delegates appropriately.

In conclusion, let us review our discussion.

CONCLUSION:

Slide Click. As we have seen, leadership issues are caused by a lack of trust between the leaders or between leaders and their employees, lack of enthusiasm, lack of follow up on delegated tasks, and bad attitude towards colleagues and subordinates.

Slide Click. We have seen how poor leadership in an organization leads to deterioration of the company’s work culture, mismanagement of resources, demotivation of employees, and overall failure to achieve the organization’s goals. Slide Click. As John F. Kennedy said, “Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other.” Brazeau (2008). Awaken your leadership team by using us to help identify their weaknesses and build you a well-skilled staff.

References

Brazeau, G. A. (2008). Leadership and learning. American journal of pharmaceuticaleducation, 72(3).

Hao, M. J., & Yazdanifard, R. (2015). How effective leadership can facilitate change inorganizations through improvement and innovation. Global journal of management andbusiness research.

Taylor, B. (2010). Do You Pass the Leadership Test? Harvard Business Review.https://hbr.org/2010/08/pass-leadership-test

Leading Change An Action Plan from the World’s Foremost Expert on Business Leadership by John P. Kotter

Leading Change: An Action Plan from the World’s Foremost Expert on Business Leadership by John P. Kotter

Name:

Course:

Date:

As suggested by the book’s title, the dominant theme in John Kotter’s book ‘Leading Change’ is change. Change is one of the inevitable processes that we have to go through, but the process is often met with resistance. The reason for this resistance is that change in one aspect of life tends to affect changes in many other areas; hence people are afraid of change. They often prefer the comfort zone where they know what happens next (Kotter 2012). This is also the case in any business or organization. ‘Leading Change’ follows eight steps that are prerequisites to change and some of the reasons as to why many change programs fail, giving insight to business leaders on the steps to take to drive change in their areas of leadership.

To begin, the book first examines the main reasons as to why change programs fail. One of these reasons is being contented with a situation (Kotter 2012), which happens to both leaders and employees in an organization. Most of the time, it is upon management to keep pushing their teams to embrace change, but if everyone gets comfortable, they will go back to their old ways. The author also emphasizes how a lack of vision and a powerful guiding coalition can hinder change within an organization. From this point, the reader gets a clear picture of how essential vision is towards driving change and leaders are encouraged to come up with a sharp image of change to inspire those that they lead (Veling et al). Leaders must also come up with practical ways to communicate this vision to inspire others to embrace change.

Other factors that hinder change include declaring victory too soon. As happens with any situation in life, any goal takes time and hard work to achieve hence claiming victory within a short time can lead to reverting to old habits (Kotter 2012). With this in mind, it is also vital to make milestones as they are achieved in the short term so that employees are motivated to do better. Change should also be incorporated into the corporate culture (Veling et al 2018). The author makes this point that leaders should make employees aware that change is healthy and essential; it leads to growth; hence there is no need to fear change. This is a necessary mindset to keep not just for business leaders but also in embracing change in the daily life of any individual.

Kotter stresses the point that people within an organization should feel that change is a necessary path towards growth. To counter the cynicism that comes with whether a change will have a positive impact, leaders must be prepared. They should recognize that new ideas will often face opposition and hence all the employees must be encouraged to be a part of the change. The process of change will meet resistance; covert, overt or unconscious (Kotter 2012). These points made by the author as to why change fails very relevant to all audiences. While reading through them, the reader can understand and relate it to their own experience hence can be better prepared to counter any negative attitudes towards change.

The author outlines eight steps that drive change, the first being the establishment of a sense of urgency within the organization. Change should be viewed as necessary and urgent for success. Employees should be able to clearly express any issues that they have honestly and openly. It is also important to engage those who are dissatisfied such as customers, employees and other stakeholders. The second step is to create a guiding coalition which is the responsibility of the management (Kotter 2012). The leadership team’s work is merely to inspire others; all the employees need to know that they are essential to change. This is a crucial point related to any real-life situation; success is more likely to be achieved with a team effort.

The third step is to have a clear vision and strategy, and the next step is to communicate it to all members of the organization so that they know what they are working to achieve. The fifth step is to empower employees to take action necessary for change. Some of the things that are disempowering include old systems of leadership, lack of skills, and values. The sixth step is to generate short term wins to keep employees motivated. The seventh step is to consolidate gains to produce more change, and the final step is to instil the culture of change within the organization (Kotter 2012).

While reading this book, I learnt many things that are not only confined to corporate culture but also to real life situations that we face every day. Change is a common feature in our lives, and hence we must be ready to embrace it. Many times we are afraid of change, and the reasons for this are some of those given by Kotter including the fact that we are scared to move out of our comfort zone. To counter this, we can come up with visions and strategies that can motivate us to change.

The primary audience for which this book was intended is business and organizational leaders, and the author does a splendid job of breaking down the change process into three parts. The first is the hindrances to change, the need for change and the eight steps necessary to effect change within the organization. While some of these may seem pretty obvious, how they are categorized and solutions to problems suggested will make it an easy and informative read for leaders. They are given essential pointers on how to deal with resistance and cynicism towards change which is a common thing in all organizations. The author makes his points very precisely to the audience.

The book reinforced my opinions regarding a change. I have often had a problem with change, the biggest one being a fear of the unknown as a result of making changes. This is a challenge that many people experience, and employees or many organizations are no different. The book has therefore given me clarity on some of the reasons as to why change is so complicated and what can be done to make the process more exciting.

In conclusion, I agree with the author on the points on what organizational leadership needs to do to promote change as a tool of growth and progress. The creation of vision and strategy are essential for driving change. Employees are a significant part of the process of change; hence they must be encouraged to communicate honestly on their fears and concerns (Doppelt 2017). Short term gains should be rewarded to keep them motivated. Change should be a part of the corporate culture of any organization and the steps outlined by Kotter will be sure to see any organization embrace change towards thriving operations.

References

Doppelt, B. (2017). Leading change toward sustainability: A change-management guide for business, government and civil society. Routledge.Kotter, J. P. (2012). Leading change. Harvard business press.

Veling, L., Crowley, C., Russell, A., Cullen, J. G., McQuillan, L., Gorman, P., … & MacHale, J. (2018). Organizational Change Management (OCM): Preliminary position paper.

Learnado Da vinc’s Art work

Learnado Da vinc’s Art work

Students Name

Course

Professor

Date

Introduction

Learnado Da vinci is a Renaissance man with fascinating personalities in the Western art history. He had discovered scientifically, excelled in mathematics and was an artist. He used to observe constantly, experiment on things and inventing as well as draw. He did his work with perfection and prospered in almost everything he tried. His painting, drawings and sculptures have been kept for historic facts. Da vinci’s was trained in Florence at Andrea Del Verrochio’s workshop as a sculptor and a painter. Leonardo had curiosity and fascinating craves for knowledge that never left him. He was greatly influenced by Hugo van der Goes, his teacher and Verruchio. He was a teacher and his student’s shared a similar style of artwork. In Modern His beautiful work inspires everyone who comes around his arts even without knowing that Davinci was the one who had done it. He studied various gestures and poses in his study for Nativity of a mother and her child possibly when preparing for his main panel for his famous altar piece called the Virgin of the rocks. The most recognized and famous art work done by Davinci are; the Mona Lisa, Virgin of the Rocks, The last supper, St. Jerome in the wilderness, The baptism of Christ, child with st, Anne, and the virgin. Some others cannot be proven that he was the one who did since he never put signature in his work.

Leonardo’s paintings were considered an art that had outlived its time. He was considered a master in the since that his paintings had hidden messages that would astonish the world .He used Oil on poplar woods on some paintings such as Virgins on the rocks. There are two similar paintings with the same interpretation but the other one showed the halos. His painting did not show halos as his masters rejected the thought of Virgin Mary and Jesus being in an uncouth scenario. The painting showed Angel Uriel and john the Baptist who holds out his hands to suggest prayer towards Jesus.

Leonardo’s work used the light and shadow effect. Leonardo Da Vinci was fascinated with beauty especially when it came to women of class and status. In his hey days as a painter and sculptor he was also questioned on his sexuality because of the painting which came to be known as Vitruvian Man. He was once in love with a lady of the high chambers known as Isabella D’Este .This was said to have propagated the painting of La Belle Ferroniere painting on oil and canvas it showed how light falls on curved surfaces as can be seen in the paintings. His Best woman however was the Monalisa to the art world is the most redone portrait.

La belle on the other was among his many portraits and paintings of women paintings including Adoration of Magi where he formed a new style of painting which is known as chiaroscuro the contrast of colors from light to dark. Leonardo was raised by Christianity or the church since he wanted to be in good terms he depicted such paintings which had symbols of the church. Adoration of Magi was an illusion painting depicting the rise of a kingdom and fall of another kingdom through the son of a virgin. It was later re-painted showing magi in a manger surrounded by Pharisees and sheepherders introducing the birth of Jesus Christ.

Leonardo ventured into science after being incorporated in the Duke of Milan chambers He had outstanding paintings that he drew such as the big horse which was partly unfinished .His fascination of horses was true to the aspect of him actually stilling horses from the stables and drawing them as they fed in the fields. The Big horse which was a task he sketched but did not finish in time to present to the duke. The sketches on canvass drawn with ink show the precise movement of a horse with such grace and the boldness of the duke is evident with the knee lock horse movement. The master of art and creator of art is the description the underground art work describes Leonardo. It is evident that his art was to be immortalized and would be a great pillar in modern art. His art work was done in two periods early work in Florence which he painted, Madonna and child, the adoration of Kings and St Jerome. The next period was referred to as Milan period where he painted Monalisa. The last supper,

The Mona Lisa art work

This piece of work took Davinci 16yrs to finish since it was a masterpiece. This Art represents a portrait of Lisa Del Giocondo who was Francesco Del Gicondo’s wife also known as (Paris Louvre). There was an argument on if it was a fact or an opinion. A sensation of secrecy surrounds this painting, which is obscure in a soft light, creating an impression of attraction. This painting has a technique of painting which is known as sfumato—fumo in Italian means “smoke” meaning there painting has no contours or hard line in it. His painting has seamless changes between dark and light. This painting became famous since it had ambiguity, the smile in Mona lisa and its theft. The ambiguity is because there is s a debate on whether that is Lisa Del Giocondo or someone else. Her smile was the other fact that left it amazing. When one covers one side of her smile the other side was seen frowning. The art shows that she is not smiling brilliantly and she is not facing straight. Her faint smile is almost a smirk and this is seen when one gazes at the picture. Mona lisas arms, are torso, and head each twist faintly in a diverse direction, conveying a detained sense of progress. Davinci forged the technique of placing the subject adjacent to a landscape background. The painting had been stolen and when it was recovered it was stored at Louvre at the back of a bullet proof glass and its safe there. Leonardo investigates the possibilities of oil plant   in the drapery’s soft folds, texture of skin. The deeply retreating background, with its meandering rocks and rivers formations, is an example of Leonardo’s individual view of the natural planet: one in which everything is full of energy and movement, since it is viewed in liquid and in flux.

The last supper art work

The last supper original painting faded and deteriorated after very few years since it had been finished. It seems like he was experimenting with this one and it did not go well Jesus feet were visible in a way they foretold his death on the cross. It only took Davinci 3years to complete it. This painting is famous due to the religious fact since it ha s Christ and his twelve Disciples. The painting has a hidden message such as there is a reflection Jesus with a hidden woman caring a baby and a templar knight seated at the table. Leonardo captured the moment when Christ tells his apostles that one will betray him, and at the foundation of the Eucharist. His statement brings about a visible response, and is effected in the painting in the form of a wave of sensation amongst the apostles. The reactions are expressed by each apostle, and are referred to as “motions of the mind.” Despite the dramatic reaction of the apostles, Leonardo inflicts a sense of order on the landscape. Christ’s head is at the middle of the masterpiece, and is surrounded by a halo-like architectural gap. Christ’s head is at the disappearance point toward the perspective projection lines of the architectural are setting union. The apostles are arranged four groups around him of three united by their posture and gesture. Judas is on the opposite side of the table, and has been set apart from the other apostles by his shadowed face.

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Reference

Kelen, Emery. Leornado da Vinci’s Advice to Artists, ed.. S.l.: s.n., 

Deborah Mends. 2013. How to draw journey. Retrieved from http://www.howtodrawjourney.com/leonardo-da-vinci-drawings.html

Marani, Pietro C. Leonardo da Vinci–the complete paintings. New York City: Abrams, 2000.

Laurenza, Domenico, &Mario Taddei. Leonardo’s machines: Da Vinci’s inventions revealed. Cincinnati, OH: David & Charles, 2006.

LEARNING DISABILITIES FINAL ASSESSMENT

LEARNING DISABILITIES FINAL ASSESSMENT

Instructions:      You are required to complete 3 questions. You are required to do the questions from Section A, and choose any two questions from Section B. Section A carries 2000 words while each question from Section B should not exceed 1,200 words and should conform to APA 7th edition. Questions should be submitted as one document and references for all questions completed at the end. The similarity index for turnitin should be 20% or less. Include a signed accountability statement.

SECTION A:

Teachers’ Attitude and Knowledge of Students with Disabilities

Instruction

This survey is being done to ascertain teachers’ attitude and knowledge towards students with disabilities. Your participation in this survey is greatly appreciated. You are being asked to complete the questionnaire below by ticking the item which best reflects your position or assessment and then providing the data requested below. All information will be kept confidential and your names and email addresses are not required.

Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree

My educational background has prepared me to effectively teach students with learning disabilities. I need more training in order to appropriately teach students with learning disabilities I attend conferences/workshops on teaching students with learning disabilities. I feel comfortable in working collaboratively with special education teachers when students need help Students who are 2 or more years below grade level should be in special education classes. Students who are diagnosed with specific learning disabilities need to be in special education classrooms. All efforts should be made to educate students with disabilities in the regular education classroom. I am provided with sufficient in-service training through MOE which allows me the ability to teach students with learning disabilities Regular education teachers should not be responsible for teaching children with special needs. I am comfortable working in an inclusive classroom Students with special learning needs are significantly impacted during COVID-19 Rate your students/class on the following None of them Approximately 25% of them Approximately 50% of them Approximately 75% of them

Difficulty with spelling Difficulty learning letter names Difficulty learning phonics (sounding out words) Read slowly Read below grade or expectancy level Required extra help in school because of problems in reading and spelling Poor understanding of interpersonal space Difficulty knowing how others are reacting Has trouble understanding how others are feeling Makes comments that show a lack of understanding of social situations, such as inappropriate jokes or insensitive remarks Difficulty making or keeping friends Isolates self in social situations Feels anxious or out-of-place in new social situations Handwriting is spatially disorganized Papers look disorganized or messy On arithmetic problems, has difficulty keeping the numbers lined up in columns Drawings look immature for her/his age Worse at math than at reading and spelling Makes careless errors in math, such as adding when the sign indicates subtraction Trouble learning new math concepts such as carrying or borrowing Your demographic information

Sex: Male [ ], Female [ ]

Your age range:

18-24 [ ], 25-35 [ ], 36-45 [ ], 46-55 [ ], 56 and over

Highest educational level (please circle):

Diploma [ ]

Associate Degree [ ]

Bachelors [ ]

Masters [ ]

Doctorate [ ]

HEART/NVQJ [ ]

Level teacher training qualification – Early childhood [ ], Primary [ ], secondary [ ]

At what level of education are you currently employed?

Infant/Basic [ ], Infant and Primary [ ], Primary [ ], Secondary [ ], Vocational [ ], Tertiary [ ]

Years of experience as a teacher _______

Section A (2000 words)

Number 1 (24 MARKS) – Do all questions

You are required to survey 10 teachers on their general attitude towards and their knowledge of students with disabilities (see instrument above – teachers should only respond to one survey). Upload excel data set with assignment.

A. Write a summary of the findings. Indicate the likely attitudes and knowledge that teachers have of students with disabilities with supporting evidence from the literature.

B. Based on the findings:

i. Outline training opportunities for teachers to work with students with disabilities

ii. Explain two implications of teachers’ attitude towards and knowledge of students with disability.

iii. Recommend programme modifications and support that students would need to benefit from the general education curriculum.

Section B (1200 words EACH)

Number 2 (18 MARKS)

It is widely proposed that students diagnosed with learning disabilities can greatly benefit from inclusion with accommodations in some classroom activities, assignments and exams. 

 

Present an essay that both supports and opposes inclusion of the LD student in the regular classroom. In support of the position, indicate the types of accommodations that can be made, and in opposing the position, indicate the possible challenges inclusion presents in the regular classroom setting. In your argument for both positions, be sure to include evidence to support your perspectives.

Number 3 (18 MARKS)

According to Kirk & Elkins (1975), at least 80 percent of students with learning disabilities encounter difficulties in learning to read.  Discuss the nature of the reading problems they face and discuss some of the teaching strategies recommended to address these problems.

Number 4 (18 MARKS)

Excerpts from the Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action which was signed and adopted by Jamaica are presented below. Read and critique the Statement as it relates to the policy on inclusion. Define inclusion and indicate the obstacles faced by Caribbean countries to successfully implement inclusion for children with Learning Disabilities, and state how these obstacles can be overcome?

The Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education which was adopted by the World Conference on Special Needs Education: Access and Quality in Salamanca, Spain, June 1994, stated:

We believe and proclaim that:

every child has a fundamental right to education, and must be given the opportunity to achieve and maintain an acceptable level of learning,

those with special educational needs must have access to regular schools which should accommodate them within a child centred pedagogy capable of meeting these needs,

regular schools with this inclusive orientation are the most effective means of combating discriminatory attitudes, creating welcoming communities, building an inclusive society and achieving education for all; moreover, they provide an effective education to the majority of children and improve the efficiency and ultimately the cost-effectiveness of the entire education system.

We call upon all governments and urge them to:

give the highest policy and budgetary priority to improve their education systems to enable them to include all children regardless of individual differences or difficulties,

adopt as a matter of law or policy the principle of inclusive education enrolling all children in regular schools unless there are compelling reasons for doing otherwise,

Leadership Consultants

Leadership Consultants

Name

Institutional affiliation

Instructor

Course

Date

Leadership Consultants.

INTRODUCTION

“The true mark of a leader is the willingness to stick with a bold course of action — an unconventional business strategy, a unique product-development roadmap, a controversial marketing campaign — even as the rest of the world wonders why you’re not marching in step with the status quo,” Taylor (2010). Slide Click. A leader in the push that forces members towards achieving the objectives of a company.

According to Hao and Yazdanifard (2015), one of the essential elements of management in an organization is effective leadership since it helps sustain the business and handle problems experienced in the company. Slide Click. It is leaders who take charge and control the undertakings of an organization, and able leaders should be in a position to set optimistic objectives and at the same time drive the company towards those aims by executing appropriate techniques and strategies. Slide Click. For a company to be successful in all its undertakings, effective leadership is paramount and very essential. Slide Click. Today, I will be talking to you about the importance of effective leadership in an organization; problems faced due to lack of good leadership, and how our company, our company will help a company overcome leadership problems and build leadership skills. Slide Click.

Let us first look at the situation of a company facing leadership problems.

BODY

As a result of poor leadership in an organization, organizational culture becomes poor, resources are mismanaged, and there is a loss of motivation to work. Overall, this leads to a lack of achievement of the organization’s goals.

Slide Click. Let’s take an example, shall we? A company has the aim to make 10% more sales in the coming month. However, the leaders fail to motivate the employees to work wards this goal, lack transparency, absent them from their responsibilities and mismanage available resources. It would be, in such a situation, difficult for the organization to make the additional sales.

Slide Click. Causes of leadership issues include lack of trust between the leaders or between leaders and their employees, lack of enthusiasm, lack of follow up on delegated tasks, and bad attitude towards colleagues and subordinates.

Slide Click. Effects of leadership issues in an organization include money wastage on unproductive performance, time wastage in correcting wrongdoings of the leaders, and wasted potential of people who would have done better in the job. Due to leadership issues, motivation might also deteriorate in the employees.

It is clear that we have a problem, but what is the solution?

Slide Click. Our company can resolve the leadership issues we have just seen by identifying the root causes of these issues, specific to the leaders in this organization, and work to reduce or eliminate and build better leadership skills.

Slide Click. Good leadership in an organization is evidenced by several aspects. One, leaders have a good relationship with their subordinates. According to Shibu (2015), Dynatrace was the leading company in 2015 in terms of good leadership. Slide Click. Employees at Dynatrace said that “The leadership team is approachable and inclusive. They keep innovation and growth at the forefront of their agenda” Shibu (2015). Our company would determine whether the organization’s leaders are aware of the needs of their subordinates and whether they care about their growth personally and professionally.

Slide Click. As leadership consultants, we will use different methods to identify the causes of leadership issues in the company. One way would be working with the employees and asking them questions about their relationship with the leaders. Leadership issues will be present if employees complain of lack of motivation, career development, poor pay, and harshness of leaders towards them. Slide Click. We would also question the leaders to see if they delegate duties to teams and if they follow up to see that the duties are completed in good time and the right way. We would also seek to know the methods that the leaders use in motivating the employees to work towards attaining the organization’s objectives.

Slide Click. To address the leadership issues identified, we will first get rid of non-serious leaders who waste time, resources and fail to motivate their subordinates. Secondly, we will ensure that the leaders’ objectives are specific, measurable, realistic, and time-bound. Slide Click. In addition, we will urge the leaders to ensure that they delegate more duties and, above that, ensure that they are clear about the purpose of the tasks, believe in those they are delegating the tasks to, prioritize the tasks in order of importance and assess and reward the delegates appropriately.

In conclusion, let us review our discussion.

CONCLUSION:

Slide Click. As we have seen, leadership issues are caused by a lack of trust between the leaders or between leaders and their employees, lack of enthusiasm, lack of follow up on delegated tasks, and bad attitude towards colleagues and subordinates.

Slide Click. We have seen how poor leadership in an organization leads to deterioration of the company’s work culture, mismanagement of resources, demotivation of employees, and overall failure to achieve the organization’s goals. Slide Click. As John F. Kennedy said, “Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other.” Brazeau (2008). Awaken your leadership team by using us to help identify their weaknesses and build you a well-skilled staff.

References

Brazeau, G. A. (2008). Leadership and learning. American journal of pharmaceuticaleducation, 72(3).

Hao, M. J., & Yazdanifard, R. (2015). How effective leadership can facilitate change inorganizations through improvement and innovation. Global journal of management andbusiness research.

Taylor, B. (2010). Do You Pass the Leadership Test? Harvard Business Review.https://hbr.org/2010/08/pass-leadership-test