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Fundraising Development Strategy Paper

Fundraising Development Strategy Paper

The course is Funding Sources for Human Services (HUS-540). Below and attached are the instructions 

 

Check out the syllabus and decide what scenario you want to use for your Fundraising Strategy Development Paper.  There is a strategy for a private-non-profit agency or one for a private-for profit agency. Use your text, all the resources that are useful from the modules, and any of your own resources. You will be developing a plan for each of the years – 1, 3, and 5 years.

 

The textbook for this course is: Effective Fundraising for Nonprofits

ISBN-13: 9781413329902

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Fundraising Strategy Development Paper

Fundraising Strategy Development Paper

The course is Funding Sources for Human Services (HUS-540). Below and attached are the instructions 

 

Check out the syllabus and decide what scenario you want to use for your Fundraising Strategy Development Paper.  There is a strategy for a private-non-profit agency or one for a private-for profit agency. Use your text, all the resources that are useful from the modules, and any of your own resources. You will be developing a plan for each of the years – 1, 3, and 5 years.

 

The textbook for this course is: Effective Fundraising for Nonprofits

ISBN-13: 9781413329902

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NYT article “Drone warfare and civilian deaths”

NYT article “Drone warfare and civilian deaths”

NYT article “Drone warfare and civilian deaths”

Author

Tutor

Course

University

Date

There are always various aspects of writings. Each writer naturally leans towards their views or their sides of the story. Some articles thus end being opinionated or one-sided. The opinionated articles are based on the personal views of the person writing it like the article “Drone warfare and civilian deaths” by Manuela Mirkos. The author details how drones have been more harmful than killing the targeted terrorist groups.

The fallacy presented in this article is illogical conclusion. Illogical conclusion fallacy is a case whereby the writer attests a conclusion that does not follow from the suggestions provided. The author can be credited for writing from his own personal experience of encounter and experience of how the USA drone targeted to eradicate the terrorist have ended up killing civilians. The writer coming from Yemen has had personal contacts with the victims. However, the conclusion arrived by the writer that the entire drone program is ineffective is a fallacy. The writer, with the sympathy of the casualties caused by the drones, simply drafts his message to suit his condition. The writer does not detail the number of achievements and the terrorists that have been killed by the drones. Mirkos states “Years after the so-called targeted-killing program started in Yemen, neither Yemen nor the United States is safer”. This is a fallacy. It is not based on factors and the number of successful cases, the writer never minds to touch.

In conclusion, I can say that the article is a fallacy. There have been detailed statistics in the USA government about the successes of the drones. Additionally, some of the leaders of terrorist groups have been killed via drones. The lack of statistical data on the same also confirms the fallacies presented herein.

References.

Mirkos, M., (2016). Drone warfare and civilian deaths. Retrieved from

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/02/opinion/letters-to-the-editor.html?ref=opinion on

2th, March, 2016.

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SCI-Nutritional-Study

SCI-Nutritional-Study

Nutritional StudySCI/241Nutritional StudyUniversity of Phoenix Material

Nutritional Study Worksheet

Resource: University of Phoenix Library and the Internet

Topic:

Coffee or Caffeine

Research your topic using 2 nutrition articles that discuss your topic, but provide opposing viewpoints. Use the Internet, the University Library, or the search links provided in the Week 2 Electronic Reserve Readings to locate the articles.

1. No association between coffee, tea, or caffeine consumption and breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort study.

2. Coffee and endothelial function: a battle between caffeine and antioxidants?

Write 50- to 200-word responses to each of the following questions based your findings. Use your own words and provide examples to support your answers.

What topic did you choose? Discuss the position of each of the two articles you selected.

The Topic I have chosen is coffee or caffeine. The position in the first article is that there is no association that coffee, tea or caffeine causes a breast cancer risk. The other article is a battle between caffeine and antioxidant and if caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee has antioxidant in it. The other existing controversy is the impact on the cardiovascular system.

What health claims are stated in the articles, such as drinking coffee every day will lower one’s risk for cancer?

In the breast cancer article the health claim is that the caffeine intake has be associated with high plasma levels of female hormones (Public Health Nutrition 2011). The other thing is that drinking caffeine will not cause anyone to get breast cancer. In the second article the health concern was the effects of the cardiovascular system. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased from the effects of the caffeine.

Do any of the articles’ claims seem too good to be true? Does it seem that the authors are seeking personal gain in any way? Explain your answers.

In article one the author has no gain and it is based on a survey that was done to see if women who drank coffee would get breast cancer. In the next one the authors clear states at the end of the article that they have no conflict of interest. In both article I do not see a reason why these article are too good to be true one is a survey and the other is comparing if the coffee has antioxidant in it.

What are the respective sources of these articles (testimonials, peer-reviewed study)?

The two articles are Scholarly Journals and have been peer reviewed. The article on Coffee and endothelial: a battle between caffeine and antioxidant is a comparative study if the two coffees to see if they contain any antioxidants. The other article is just a survey that was done to see if coffee would cause breast cancer.

Is the information presented in each article new or has it been studied extensively over time, achieving the same results?

The survey on caffeine and breast cancer has been an ongoing survey from 1993 – 2005. Within this time frame nothing had change to say that drinking coffee would cause breast cancer. They even look at how much and the time frame that the coffee was drunk but still nothing changed. With the comparison article it does not state that the comparison was done more than once, so I would think that it was only done that one time.

Now that you have gone through the details of each article, do you have any reservations about the information in either one? If so, explain why. Has the process of analyzing the two articles changed your opinion on the topic? Explain your answer.

I do not think that I have any reservation about either article because I know people that drink coffee on regular bases and never have had cancer. If they do it was not related to drinking coffee there is some other reason they got cancer. The antioxidant in coffee is good for our health to fight different type of illness so I have no problem with drink coffee.

Reference

Buscemi, S; Batsis, JA; Arcoleo, G; & Verga, S (2010). Coffee and endothelial function: a battle between caffeine and antioxidants?

Doi: http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/10.1038/ejcn.2010.137

Fagherazzi, G; Touillaud, M; & Boutron-Ruault, M (2011). No assocation between coffee, tea, or caffeine consumption and breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort study.

Doi: http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/10.1017/S1368980011000371

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Nutrition Hallmark Assignment

Nutrition Hallmark Assignment

Nutrition Hallmark Assignment:

Part 1. Diet analysis (80 points)

Go to MyDietAnalysisCreate your profile.

Click on Diet Tracker at the top of the page.

Enter the foods on your diet recall. Be accurate with portion sizes.

Under Reports, select All Daily Reports, choose your three days, and create and save reports as a pdf file for a three day average of your menus.  You will turn these reports in as part of the assignment. (5 points)

Using data from the reports, fill in columns 1, 2, and 3 on the Nutrient Chart Worksheet 1 from your assignment posted on blackboard. You will NOT need to do any calculations for these three columns; your numbers are taken right off of the Reports.  Use the Bar Graph report for the value (your intake), goal and percent goal in the worksheet, except for carbohydrates and fat. Use the MacroNutrient Distribution Report (source of calories) for the data for your % calories (intake) of fat and carbohydrates. The data for fat and carbohydrates should be in % kcal since these nutrients are mainly used for energy. The data for protein should be in grams since proteins are mainly used to build and replace body tissues. Use the MyPlate Report for the food group data.

Compare your goal to your actual intake (value) and identify (with an “X”) your strengths and weaknesses in columns 4 and 5. The goal for vitamins and minerals is 100% or more, except for sodium. It is unlikely that you will have too much of the vitamins and minerals unless you eat a lot of highly fortified foods (An intake of iron over 45mg/day is too high. See the chart in back of your book on Upper Intake Levels). (10 points)

Based on your data, identify your dietary weaknesses and plan 4 strategies for improving your diet that are relevant to your individual nutritional needs.   (You will identify and discuss these strategies in your reflection paper.) 

Track your intake for 3 additional days. Be sure to implement all 4 strategies in your additional 3 days, following at least 2 strategies each day. If you are using the examples diet, enter in a new diet based on the strategies you came up with.Go back to MyDietAnalysis and enter in your revised menus. Create and save All Daily Reports for your revised menus as pdf files for a 3 day average. You will also turn in these as part of your assignment. (5 points)

Use the data from the reports of your original and revised menus to complete Nutrient Chart Worksheet 2. (10 points)

Write a 4 page essay responding to the following: (50 pts, details below)

A. Strengths and Weaknesses (20 points)

Discuss the strengths and weaknesses in your diet based on the Nutrient Chart Worksheet 1 and the data in the reports from your original menus. Review the Dietary Tools PowerPoint slides which summarize the nutrients found in each food group and the dietary goals chart.

How was your macronutrient distribution?  Were your intakes of carbs, proteins, and fats in an acceptable range?  Remember that the minimum goal for carbs is 130 g/day and the range is 45-65% kcal eaten. Your optimum intake goal for carbohydrates is higher than 130g. The minimum goal of carbohydrates will help spare protein, which would be used to make glucose if carbs are too low.

The goal for total fat is 20-35% kcal, the goal for saturated fat is <10% kcal and the goal for polyunsaturated fat (essential fatty acids) is 5-10% kcal. To reduce risk for cardiovascular disease, the ADA recommends that the goal for saturated fat is < 7% kcal and the goal for trans fat is <1% kcal. Most Americans have too much total fat and saturated fat and not enough polyunsaturated fat. 

Look at the distribution of your carbohydrates. Did you have too much added sugar? Did you have enough fiber in your diet? Are there any changes you may want to make here?

Did you meet your goals for the food groups? How did your intake affect your vitamins and minerals? Vitamins A and C and potassium are mainly found in fruits and vegetables, calcium and vitamin D are high in dairy and iron and folate are high in the grain group. 

Did you meet the goals for your vitamins and minerals? Use the spreadsheet report to determine foods from your diet which are high in sodium, total fat or saturated fat.

B. Risk factors (5 points) 

Identify your genetic, health and behavior risk factors for disease. Review the Dietary Tools PowerPoint slides summarizing the connection between diet and disease and the risks factors for heart disease and cancer. Do you have family health issues that you need to address? For example, do you have close relatives with diabetes, or obesity?  Using a family tree, discuss the disease risks in your family. Show breadth in your discussion by discussing effects of diet, exercise, smoking or other health behaviors you may have on your health risks. Will this affect your future food choices? 

C. Strategies (20 points) 

1. What were the 4 strategies you chose to implement to improve your diet? 

2. Describe how you implemented these strategies in each day of your revised menus. Do not forget to explain what you replaced and why.

(For example, for the goals to increase fruits and vegetables: For day 1- I added a banana for breakfast, and a salad (mixed greens, carrots, tomato, oil and vinegar dressing) for lunch. I replaced a doughnut and fries, which I usually eat. Try to keep your kcal the same, unless you have less than 50% of your kcal goal. Most of the time the kcal goal shown in the MyDietaryAnalysis software is too high for most people to maintain their weight. You are not trying to gain or lose weight with this project.

3. Explain how these changes affected the nutrient content of your diet? Review your Nutrient Chart Worksheet 2 and the bar graph and spreadsheet reports for your original and revised menus. The spreadsheet report will help identify the effect of each food on your nutrients. Did you have less fat, saturated fat or sodium or more fiber, vitamins or minerals?  Which foods helped to make these improvements?

(Example: Adding the banana and salad to replace the doughnut and fries decreased fat and sodium and added fiber, vitamin A, C, E folate, potassium and vitamin B6. The banana helped with potassium, B6 and fiber and the salad helped with vitamins A, C, E, folate and fiber.)

D. Implications (5 points)

What are the immediate and long-term implications for your health if you follow these strategies? How would you feel? Will you get sick less often? Will your risk for disease decrease? 

What else have you learned from this assignment? 

Responses should be detailed and thoughtful. 

Finished assignment should be typed and include:

*  Nutrient Chart Worksheets 1 and 2 from Blackboard Assignment

* Initial and Revised All Daily Reports from the MyDietAnalysis program

*  Essay

Turn all papers in on blackboard in submission area or in person.

Hallmark Assignment Part 2 Final Reflection (10 points) NOT DUE UNTIL 12/04/18

What assumptions did you have before completing the analysis of your diet, and how did they change in the process of completing your analysis? Were your assumptions valid or not?

What were your barriers to behavior change?

How have your cooking, shopping or eating habits changed? Discuss your successes.

What are your future goals to improve your health?

Rubric HSS-302- diet Analysis (HAT)

EXEMPLARY TARGET DEVELOPING INSUFFICIENT

Part 1: Nutrient data analysis using software

Information

Accuracy

HETE 1a

InTASC 4g, 4j All printouts included with no errors

(10 points) Most printouts included, with few errors

(6-9 points) Data absent or inaccurately submitted

(1-5 points) No printouts provided

(0 points)

Worksheet 1

Relevance

Depth

Breadth

HETE 1a

InTASC 4c, 4g, 4j Worksheet is completed and all data are accurately analyzed

(10 points) Most data are accurate

(6-9 points) Data inaccurate or missing

(1-5 points) Worksheet not completed

(0 points)

Essay

Inferences

Accuracy

Breadth

Depth

Relevance

HETE 1a

InTASC 4a, 4c, 4d, 4h, 4j Identifies the strengths and weaknesses in his/her diet based on MyPlate, the nutrients report, Food Groups and Calories report. Covers the breadth of these areas and the depth of how they are interrelated.

(20 points) Identifies the strengths and weaknesses in his/her diet based on MyPlate, nutrients report, food groups and calories report but lacks breadth and depth.

(10-19 points) Does not accurately identify strengths and weaknesses.

(1-9 points) Essay not included

Risk Factors

Accuracy

Relevance

Depth

Clarity

Consequences

HETE 1a

InTASC 4d, 4h, 4j Identifies relevant and interrelated risk factors based on genetics, health habits, and dietary habits and draws accurate conclusions about future actions that can decrease risk.

(5 points) Identifies relevant risk factors based on genetics, health habits, and dietary habits and draws some conclusions about future actions that can decrease risk.

(3-4 points) Does not cover all the risk factors or draw relevant and accurate conclusions about future actions that can decrease risk.

(1-2 points) Discussion is very limited; risk factors not identified, risk factors not addressed.

(0 points)

Strategies

Significance

Depth

HETE 1a

InTASC 4d, 4h, 4j Identifies four strategies chosen to improve your diet.

(20 points) Four strategies chosen though no diet improvement noted.

(10-19 points) Less than four strategies noted and no diet improvement.

(1-9 points) No strategies identified, therefore, no diet improvement.

(0 points)

Implications

Relevance

Implications

Purpose

Logic

HETE 1a

InTASC 4d, 4h, 4j Discusses relevant immediate and long term implications of his/her specific nutrient imbalances.

(5 points) Discusses relevant immediate and long term implications of his/her specific nutrient imbalances.

(3-4 points) Implications are not relevant or are incomplete.

(1-2 points) Implications are not identified.

(0 points)

Worksheet 2

(Revision of Diet)

Relevance

Depth

Breadth

HETE 1a

InTASC 4c, 4g, 4j Students revision of 3 day diet is relevant to his/her strengths and weaknesses, is reasonable for his/her lifestyle (i.e. implementation), and covers the breadth of nutrient (i.e. vitamins, minerals, fiber, fats, sodium and sugar) and explains each in depth.

(10 points) Students revision of the 3 day diet is somewhat relevant to his/her strengths and weaknesses and is somewhat reasonable for his/her lifestyle and includes most elements.

(6-9 points) Students revision of the 3 day diet is incomplete.

(1-5 points) Worksheet not included, revisions not made.

(0 points)

Part 2: Final Reflection

Breadth

Depth

Relevance

Logic

HETE 1a

InTASC 4d, 4e, 4h, 4k Assumptions of diet identified. Validity of assumptions verified. Barriers to behavior change identified. Discussion of dietary changes complete. Future goals to improve health established.

(10 points) Not all assumptions of diet identified. All barriers to change not identified. Discussion of dietary changes incomplete. Goals not established.

(6-9 points) Assumptions, barriers, dietary changes and goals not identified. Candidate is unable to gather and summarize data.

(1-5 points) Final reflection not completed.

(0 points)

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Nutrition for Diabetes

Nutrition for Diabetes

Nutrition for Diabetes

Causes:

Diabetes occurs when the blood sugar of an individual is high. The reasons that may bring about this situation vary according to the different types of diabetes. Type 1 Diabetes, for example, is caused by the body forming a resistance to insulin. The body destroys cells in the pancreas. The trigger may come from a Viral or bacterial infection. It may also come from many other triggers for the trigger is not specific. A combination of factors usually causes type 2. The one that mainly contributes to it is family history. Other risk factors that may lead to the cause of Type 2 Diabetes are obesity, aging, and having a poor diet. Illness and pregnancy have a fair chance of contributing to this condition.

Risk Factors

For Type 1 Diabetes, the risk factors that are involved include family history, presence of autoantibodies, a medical history that may consist of viral exposure and location. Some countries have a higher prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes.

In Diabetes type 2, there is a broader range of risks. The risk factors include weight, inactivity, family history, and being black, Hispanic, American Indian, or Asian American. High blood pressure and age also contribute to the risk to a significant degree.

Prevention

A) Getting involved with more physical activity to lower blood sugar.

B) Eating food that is rich in fiber for it increases the blood sugar control.

C) Consume whole grains for they maintain the blood sugar.

D) Losing bodyweight may go a long way to prevent the development of diabetes.

E) Avoiding fad diets also contributes to the reduction of the chances of getting diabetes.

Characteristics/Symptoms

Symptoms come quicker to people who have type 1 diabetes. Some of the symptoms of diabetes type 1 and 2 are a relatively higher rate of urination, increased thirst, fatigue, irritability, a sharp weight loss, a higher frequency of infections, and heightened hunger.

Treatments

Type 1 diabetes should get treated with a combination of insulin, exercise, and a diet tailored for diabetes type 1. Type 2 is treated with a combination of a type 2 diet, exercise, and diabetes medication when things grow out of hand.

Complications

The possibility of developing long-term complications is also high. Complications are risky developments as one advances in the disease. Some of the difficulties that are involved include cardiovascular disease, nerve damage(Neurotherapy), kidney damage(nephropathy), foot damage, development of Alzheimer’s disease, and skin diseases.

Monitoring

Type 2 diabetes can get monitored using two methods. The first one is using a test called HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin test). It paints a clear picture of your average blood sugar level for the previous two months. Another easily accessible one is a home monitor device that can easily get accessed on the market. It is advisable to take a consultation with a doctor to explain how exactly one is to monitor their health.

Diet Modifications

One does not have to entirely limit the eating of the foods they love due to diabetes. A smaller consumption of such foods leads to a more stable approach. A meal plan is unique to different patients for meal plans are made to suit the specific condition of one person. Most people with diabetes need to eat at the same time each day. Others could have more flexible diets.

One should get involved in eating all food groups to stay healthy. The foods are:

Dairy that is low fat or contains no fat

Protein-nuts, fish, eggs, lean meat, and a variety of legumes.

Fruits

Grains-a minimum of half of all the grains that one should eat are whole grains.

Vegetables- non-starchy and those that are starchy.

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Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Causes:

Most common cause of chronic kidney disease is diabetes and the second most common cause is hypertension (high blood pressure), which cause permanent damage to the kidneys over time. Other causes are: autoimmune disease (lupus and IgA nephropathy), genetic diseases (polycystic kidney disease), nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis (inflammation of the tubules and surrounding structures), prolonged obstruction of the urinary tract from an enlarged prostate gland, kidney stones and some cancers, vesicoureteral reflux (condition that causes urine to back into the kidneys), recurrent kidney infection (pyelonephritis).

Risk Factors:

Diabetes and hypertension are numbers one and two. Also, cardiovascular disease, smoking, obesity, being African-American, Native American or Asian-American, family history of kidney disease, abnormal kidney structure, and older age.

Prevention:

Follow instructions on over-the-counter-pain relievers (aspirin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen). Taking too many pain relievers could lead to kidney damage and generally should be avoided if you have kidney disease.

Maintain a healthy weight.

Don’t smoke.

Characteristics/Symptoms:

Chronic kidney disease usually gets worse slowly and symptoms may not appear until the kidneys are badly damaged. ESRD (end stage renal disease) symptoms are caused by waste and extra fluid building up in the body causing persistent itching, muscle twitches and cramps, nausea and vomiting, not feeling hungry, swelling in feet and ankles, too much or not enough urine, shortness of breath if fluid builds up in the lungs, chest pain if fluid builds up around the lining of the heart, trouble sleeping, fatigue and weakness, high blood pressure that is hard to control, decreased mental sharpness.

Treatments:

For ESRD (end stage renal disease), treatments include hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or kidney transplant.

Complications:

The kidneys do many jobs and cleaning the blood is only one job. They also control chemicals and fluids in your body, help control blood pressure, and help make red blood cells. Dialysis can do some, but not all of the jobs that healthy kidneys do. Complications of kidney disease include anemia, bone disease, hyperphosphatemia (high phosphorus levels in the blood), heart and blood vessel disease, hyperkalemia (high potassium levels in the blood), fluid retention (could lead to swelling in your arms and legs, high blood pressure, or fluid in your lungs-pulmonary edema), damage to the central nervous system, decreased immune response, pericarditis.

Monitoring:

Levels of urine albumin and the glomerular filtration rate are monitored. To assess the response to therapy and the progression of disease, UACR (albumin-to-creatinine ratio) is measured with >30mg/g being abnormal. Reducing urine albumin excretion to normal or near-normal may improve renal and cardiovascular prognoses. Changes in kidney function is monitored using eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate). In CKD, eGFR is less than 60ml/min/1.73m2.

Diet modifications, why the modifications are appropriate, sample one day (3 meals) meal plan:

People with chronic kidney disease should follow a diet that is low in phosphorus, potassium, sodium (salt), fluids, and protein. Kidneys may not be able to properly filter excess potassium and phosphorus, leading to hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia. Excess fluid and salt promote fluid retention which can lead to swelling in extremities and high blood pressure. If thirsty, one can suck on an ice cube or hard candy (sugar-free if diabetic).

Low phosphorus foods to eat: Italian, French and sourdough bread, corn or rice cereal and cream of wheat, unsalted popcorn, lemonade.

High phosphorus foods to avoid: whole grain bread, bran cereals, oatmeal, nuts,

sunflower seeds.

Low potassium foods to eat: apples, grapes, pineapple, strawberries, cauliflower, onions, pepper, radishes, summer squash, lettuce, pita, tortilla, beef, chicken, white rice.

High potassium foods to avoid: avocado, banana, melon, oranges, prunes, raisins,

artichokes, spinach, potatoes, tomatoes, bran products, granola, beans, brown rice.

Low sodium, salt (sodium chloride) foods to eat: fresh fruits and vegetables, unprocessed foods, no added table salt.

High sodium foods to avoid: processed foods, added table salt, condiments, sauces,

chips, soups.

Sample daily meals:

Breakfast: corn cereal, rice cereal, or cream of wheat with strawberries and milk

Lunch: chicken teriyaki pita sandwich (chicken, pita, lettuce, onion, olive oil) and pineapple or an apple

Snack: unsalted popcorn

Dinner: meatloaf (lean ground beef or chicken) or grilled shrimp, summer squash or cauliflower, green beans, apple bars for dessert

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Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (2)

Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (2)

Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Causes:

Most common cause of chronic kidney disease is diabetes and the second most common cause is hypertension (high blood pressure), which cause permanent damage to the kidneys over time. Other causes are: autoimmune disease (lupus and IgA nephropathy), genetic diseases (polycystic kidney disease), nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis (inflammation of the tubules and surrounding structures), prolonged obstruction of the urinary tract from an enlarged prostate gland, kidney stones and some cancers, vesicoureteral reflux (condition that causes urine to back into the kidneys), recurrent kidney infection (pyelonephritis).

Risk Factors:

Diabetes and hypertension are numbers one and two. Also, cardiovascular disease, smoking, obesity, being African-American, Native American or Asian-American, family history of kidney disease, abnormal kidney structure, and older age.

Prevention:

Follow instructions on over-the-counter-pain relievers (aspirin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen). Taking too many pain relievers could lead to kidney damage and generally should be avoided if you have kidney disease.

Maintain a healthy weight.

Don’t smoke.

Characteristics/Symptoms:

Chronic kidney disease usually gets worse slowly and symptoms may not appear until the kidneys are badly damaged. ESRD (end stage renal disease) symptoms are caused by waste and extra fluid building up in the body causing persistent itching, muscle twitches and cramps, nausea and vomiting, not feeling hungry, swelling in feet and ankles, too much or not enough urine, shortness of breath if fluid builds up in the lungs, chest pain if fluid builds up around the lining of the heart, trouble sleeping, fatigue and weakness, high blood pressure that is hard to control, decreased mental sharpness.

Treatments:

For ESRD (end stage renal disease), treatments include hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or kidney transplant.

Complications:

The kidneys do many jobs and cleaning the blood is only one job. They also control chemicals and fluids in your body, help control blood pressure, and help make red blood cells. Dialysis can do some, but not all of the jobs that healthy kidneys do. Complications of kidney disease include anemia, bone disease, hyperphosphatemia (high phosphorus levels in the blood), heart and blood vessel disease, hyperkalemia (high potassium levels in the blood), fluid retention (could lead to swelling in your arms and legs, high blood pressure, or fluid in your lungs-pulmonary edema), damage to the central nervous system, decreased immune response, pericarditis.

Monitoring:

Levels of urine albumin and the glomerular filtration rate are monitored. To assess the response to therapy and the progression of disease, UACR (albumin-to-creatinine ratio) is measured with >30mg/g being abnormal. Reducing urine albumin excretion to normal or near-normal may improve renal and cardiovascular prognoses. Changes in kidney function is monitored using eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate). In CKD, eGFR is less than 60ml/min/1.73m2.

Diet modifications, why the modifications are appropriate, sample one day (3 meals) meal plan:

People with chronic kidney disease should follow a diet that is low in phosphorus, potassium, sodium (salt), fluids, and protein. Kidneys may not be able to properly filter excess potassium and phosphorus, leading to hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia. Excess fluid and salt promote fluid retention which can lead to swelling in extremities and high blood pressure. If thirsty, one can suck on an ice cube or hard candy (sugar-free if diabetic).

Low phosphorus foods to eat: Italian, French and sourdough bread, corn or rice cereal and cream of wheat, unsalted popcorn, lemonade.

High phosphorus foods to avoid: whole grain bread, bran cereals, oatmeal, nuts,

sunflower seeds.

Low potassium foods to eat: apples, grapes, pineapple, strawberries, cauliflower, onions, pepper, radishes, summer squash, lettuce, pita, tortilla, beef, chicken, white rice.

High potassium foods to avoid: avocado, banana, melon, oranges, prunes, raisins,

artichokes, spinach, potatoes, tomatoes, bran products, granola, beans, brown rice.

Low sodium, salt (sodium chloride) foods to eat: fresh fruits and vegetables, unprocessed foods, no added table salt.

High sodium foods to avoid: processed foods, added table salt, condiments, sauces,

chips, soups.

Sample daily meals:

Breakfast: corn cereal, rice cereal, or cream of wheat with strawberries and milk

Lunch: chicken teriyaki pita sandwich (chicken, pita, lettuce, onion, olive oil) and pineapple or an apple

Snack: unsalted popcorn

Dinner: meatloaf (lean ground beef or chicken) or grilled shrimp, summer squash or cauliflower, green beans, apple bars for dessert

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Nutrition Awareness Lab Report

Nutrition Awareness Lab Report

Nutrition Awareness Lab Report

Name of Student

Institutional Affiliation

Nutrition Awareness Lab Report

Nutrition Awareness This lab is intended to make you more aware of health issues related to nutrition.  Many Americans are overweight which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and many other diseases.  Some people suffer from eating disorders and others have poor nutrition. In addition to on-line material, read pages 156-165 LAB REPORT 1.  Define the following:BMR

BMR is the total number of calories that the body needs for performing the most basic functions of the body that are important for sustaining the wellbeing of the individual. It is the amount of calories a person needs to burn if the person was asleep all day. BMI

BMI or Body mass index is a measure of the body fat that is based on the ration between the height and weight of adult men and women. It is calculated as the body mass divided by the body height. ObesityIt is a condition where an individual has much body fat and consequently may have negative side effect on the overall well-being in terms of health.

Essential amino acids

These are the amino acids that the body cannot create on its own and must be obtained by eating various foods. They are nine in number.

  

Essential fatty acids

These are the fatty acids that cannot be synthesized in the body and hence must be obtained from the foods that people eat.

  

Calorie

It is a unit of energy.

  

Vitamin

A vitamin is a nutrient that the body needs in small quantities to function normally and stay healthy. The main sources of vitamins are products of plant and animal origin.

  

Mineral

A mineral is a chemical element that is required by organisms as an essential nutrient in order to perform the most basic functions.

  

Antioxidants 

 Antioxidants are powerful substances that come from the food people eat and in turn prevent diseases. These substances mainly come from fresh fruits and vegetables. They also prevent the oxidation of other molecules in the body of an organism.

 

 2.  Calculate your      BMI

Weight is 84kgs and 6 feet tall in height

Height in meters = 1.8288 meters

BMI = 84/1.8288

44.8381

44.8381/1.8288

= 24.52      BMR

BMR formula for male is 66.47 + (13.7 *weight[kg] + (5 * size[cm]) – (6.8 * age [years])

BMI = 66.47 + (13.7 * 84 + (5*182.88 – 6.8 * 19)

= 66.47 + 1150.8 + 785.2

= 2002.473.  Answer the following questions: A. According to your BMI are you underweight, a healthy weight, overweight, or obese?  Do you agree or disagree with the results? Why? 

According to the BMI calculation, I am of normal weight. I therefore have a healthy weight. I agree with the results since I feel physically fit.

B.  What percentage of Americans is overweight? Obesity in the United States has faced an increasing concern in the healthcare sector that has continued to affect the lives of many people in the recent years. It has continued to significantly grow over the past five years. According to statistics two-thirds of American men are overweight while the rates of their women counterparts are considerably higher. A recent study showed that over 36% of Americans are obese for adults over the age of 20.

  What are some negative impacts of being overweight? Obesity leads to many health problems. Diseases are likely to affect those individuals who are overweight as compared to their counterparts who are of normal or healthy weight. Coronary heart diseases are especially prevalent to those individuals who are obese or overweight.

C.  Estimate the number of calories you need based on your BMR and activity level.  You will need to access some charts that give you number of calories burned for specific activities.  Based on my BMR and the activity level, the number of calories needed for proper body functioning is 1800 calories.

How would you describe your activity level? Since I exercise for over three days a week, my activity factor is 1.375.

D.  What is the recommended daily intake in % of calories of fat? protein? carbohydrate?

The recommended daily intake of fat in the diet should be between 20 and 35% of the total calories. Carbohydrates on the other hand are required for the proper functioning of the body since they are the main energy source which will eventually break down glucose. They should form a majority of the daily intake of carbohydrates. They should form 45 to 65 % of the total calories. Proteins have 4 calories per gram. The recommended diet requirements for calories from proteins are 10 to 35 percent.

4.  Keep a daily diary of food intake for at least 5 days.  Count the number of calories.  You will need to read food labels and use a calorie counter chart to determine the number of calories.  Get as close as you can but I realize it will not be perfect.  Determine the fat grams, carbohydrate grams, and protein grams.  Determine what percentage of the calories are from fat? protein? carbohydrate?  Compare your numbers with the recommended numbers.    For example if you eat 2000 calories in a day and 200 are from fat then the % fat for the day would be 10%.  Please keep track of this information in a table similar to the one I have included on this page as an example and submit the table and answers to questions when it is complete. One way of calculating your percent fat, protein, and carbohydrate:  1.  You add up the total calories and total grams of each of the three  2.  There are 9 calories per gram of fat and 4 calories per gram for protein and carbohydrates. 3.  Multiply the grams times the calories for each 4.  Divide by the total calories and multiply by 100.Example: 1200 total calories for day with 30 grams of protein.  30 X 4 =120.  (1201200) X100= 10% of your daily calories were from protein.� The total protein, fat, and carbohydrate can not exceed 100% and should be close to 100%.  You may make your own table, this is just an example. 

Grams Food and Beverage Calories Fat grams/ % of calories

Day 1 Breakfast Starbucks Caffe Latte Whole milk 260 14

“ Lunch Beef Shank 510 28.5

“ Dinner Black beans 113 22

“ Snacks Popcorn 109 1

“ Daily total 992 Day 2 Breakfast Starbucks Caffe Latte Whole milk 260 14

Lunch Ground beef 66 4.8

Dinner Corn Flakes 100 0.2

Snacks Beef Jerky 82 5

Daily total 508 Day 3 Breakfast Starbucks Caffe Latte Whole milk 260 14

Lunch Pepperoni 148 13

Dinner Pork Sausage 44 3.7

Snacks Popcorn without oil or butter 109 1

Daily total 561 Day 4 Breakfast Starbucks Caffe Latte Whole milk 260 14

Lunch Steak 43 1.7

Dinner Smoked Sausage 80 2.5

Snacks Popcorn without oil or butter 109 1

Daily total 492 Day 5 Breakfast Starbucks Caffe Latte Whole milk 260 14

Lunch Bagel, Plain 320 1

Dinner Smoked Kielbasa 127 9.9

Snacks Popcorn without oil or butter 109 1

Daily total 816  5.  Do at least two on-line health assessments.  Include the link of the assessment used and report the results. 

https://strongnutritionandweightloss.com/health-assessment/

Celebrate your strengths!

You’re already making healthy food choices. Knowing your strengths can energize you to make even more healthy habits.

Fruits and veggies

High-fibre diet

Vitamins and minerals

Avoiding fatty foods

Limiting salt and sugar

Things to work on

You’ve already made a great start. Go even further by picking one recommendation and setting a goal to help you create change that sticks.

Serve healthier portions

Drink more water

Reduce alcohol consumption

https://naturalhealthtest.com/surveys/survey_reportSome of the key principles of a health-promoting for healthy adults include the following characteristics:

Low in saturated fat, transfats and cholesterol

Contains a minimum of 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day, on average

No or low intake of alcohol

Minimal intake of other chemicals linked to cancer risk and accelerated aging

Low to moderate intake of high glycemic carbohydrate foods and beverage.

In short, studies show that individuals who restrict their intake of fat from red meat, pork, dairy products, fried foods, pan-fried foods, high fat salad dressings, high fat pastries and regular chocolate products (coco butter), as a rule, are much less prone to the development of heart disease, stroke, thrombo-embolic diseases (e.g. deep vein thrombosis, phlebitis), colorectal cancer and reproductive organ cancers (breast, endometrial, prostate cancers). Along with lung cancer (caused by cigarette smoking in 87% of cases), these health conditions are the most significant causes of premature death and loss of quality of life due to health problems. At the same time it is well established that individuals who consume a higher plant-based diet, rich in vegetables, fruits, beans, peas and whole grains, and fewer fats from the sources listed above, are generally at much lower risk for premature development of cardiovascular disease and many forms of cancer. As such, the results of your dietary assessment that follows and the modifications you are being asked to consider may seem a bit severe in some cases. However, it is important for you to know that the feedback you are receiving is based upon evidence that is strongly supported by human research studies, which have examined the relationship between diet and disease. I would urge you to take the following information very seriously and to make dietary changes that are consistent with the feedback you receive in this section. How you feed your body each day has a significant impact on your present and future health, including risk of dying prematurely and your quality of life

6.  Based on these exercises what conclusions can you draw about your eating habits, activity level, and how it may be affecting your health. Look at the number of calories, and percentage fat, protein, and carbos that you should be eating compared to what you are eating.

Eating and exercise are interrelated directly. Exercise is a critical factor which helps to maintain health and slows down much health related aspects that are prevalent in people who avoid the same. There is reduced risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, obesity and certain cancers when a perfect blend of health and nutrition are followed faithfully by an individual.7.  Some useful links-please post any that you find on the discussion page under links.  I have included some in the content.

https://www.takingcharge.csh.umn.edu/diet-nutrition-assessmenthttps://www.drdonnavice.comhttps://theconversation.com/the-online-tool-that-can-track-monitor-and-analyse-nutritional-intake-73814http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/recommended-fats-carbohydrates-proteins-sodium-4478.html

8.Based on what you know about your eating habits, life style, and activity level design a 5 day ideal menu and exercise plan. This will be different for everyone. The goal is to design a plan that you would be able to follow. For example, a very active person of normal weight may be able to have more calories. A person who eats on the go will have different menu choices than someone who prepares all of their own meals.

Calories Fat grams

Day Breakfast Yoghurt, egg, Apple 80+127+75 15

Lunch Salmon, 2bananas+Avocado 121+220+185 25

Dinner Sweet Potato+Black beans+Tofu125+113+94 Snacks Apple pie+Pumpkin cheesecake+Angel food cake 294+340+240 Daily total 2014

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Nutrition and Health

Nutrition and Health

Nutrition and Health

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Course:

Instructor’s name:

Date:

Nutrition and Health

For the Drive-Thru Diet Assignment, you are to select a fast-food chain of your choice, go to the chain’s website, and plan two luncheon meals.

My healthy meal

Fruit and Maple Oatmeal

Artisan Grilled Chicken Sandwich

Fruit ‘n Yogurt Parfait

Iced Nonfat Caramel Mocha

My unhealthy meal

Buttermilk Crispy Chicken Sandwich

Large Fries

McFlurry with M&M’s

Chocolate Shake

My fast-food choice is McDonald’s. McDonald’s started its operation in 1954 in California, United States, and was found by Richard and Maurice McDonald. Its headquarters are in Chicago and Illinois. McDonald’s is arguably the leading fast-food restaurant globally, not to mention a prominent foodservice retailer. More than 65 million customers across various parts of the world (119 countries) receive McDonald’s products and services based on the company’s 2018 report. Also, over 2 million people directly work for that chain of restaurants. Some of the essential products the brand is recognized with are burgers, French fries, desserts, beverages, soft drinks, and chicken products. The company is trying to keep with the dynamics of health and nutrition by continually reviewing their menus. Menu reviews help make adjustments on food items that are subject to causing health problems such as obesity, some cancers, diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases.

My healthy meal menu

Fruit and Maple Oatmeal

It takes care of various individuals ranging from those who use brown sugar, dried cranberries, a splash of cream to fresh diced apples. It is a standardized meal with 310 calories, 4g fat, 62g carbohydrates, and 6g proteins.

Artisan Grilled Chicken Sandwich

It is a delicious sandwich with no fear for health compromise; more importantly, it is up to satisfy one’s cravings. The quantity of calories is 380, 6g fat, 45g carbohydrates, and 36g protein.

Fruit ‘N Yogurt Parfait

It is a sweet dessert with no chances of feeling guilt. The Fruit ‘N Yoghurt Parfait has a low concentration of fats and is nourished with fresh strawberries, granola, and blueberries; ensure your dessert is sweet, and your treat is not less than extraordinary. As such, it has 150 calories, 2g fat, 30g carbs, and 4g protein.

Iced Nonfat Caramel Mocha

For those who like sweet drinks, an iced caramel mocha is arguably the best bet. It has nonfat milk with 26g sugar and 200 calories.

My unhealthy meal menu

Buttermilk Crispy Chicken Sandwich

Crispy is a word often used to refer to “breaded with sugar and fried in fat.” The meal is made with fattening buttermilk, not to mention being topped with a substantial amount of mayo dressing. It makes this type of sandwich to contain more fat than a few slices of cheese pizza. The calories’ content is a massive 600, 29g fat, 980 mg sodium, 58g carbohydrates, 2g fiber, 9g sugar, and 27 g protein.

Large Fries

Fries are one of the most fast-food items that people often buy. Consuming a significant quantity of fries will set back close to 500 calories than you would if you decide to eat a double cheeseburger. As such, it has 490 calories, 23 g fat, 400 mg sodium, 66 g carbohydrates, and 7g proteins.

McFlurry with M&M’s

It is an iconic dessert with a sweetened cream base and sugar. The dissert would fail to meet the required FDA set standards of sugar content (50 grams) as it has a whopping 86 grams of sugar. Additionally, it has 640 calories, 21 g fat, 200 mg sodium, 96 g carbohydrates, and 13 g protein.

Chocolate Shake

It has more calories than a double cheeseburger and contains sugar contents as seven glazed Krispy Kreme donuts would. Consuming a significant quantity will see one gulp down a massive 850 calories and 120 grams of sugar. On average, this food item has 530 calories, 15 g fat, 260 mg sodium, 87 g carbohydrates, 12 g proteins.

In conclusion, one of the things that caught my attention in my unhealthy choice of meal was the substantial amount of things like calories, fat, sugar, and carbohydrates present in people’s food items. In my healthy food choice, the amounts of content concentration were significantly low.

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