List of groups that are relevant to me

List of groups that are relevant to me

List of groups that are relevant to me

Sports teams

Unions

Asian American

Science

Politics

Entertainment

Women

Climate activism

Environmental clubs

Cat lovers

Athlete

When I was kid, I had trouble understanding politics. about nations and democracy. I found it incomprehensible that strangers and haphazard individuals set the rules for my existence. I was unable to comprehend why regulations had to be set in the first place. Why would individuals assert that this is a land of freedom when there are laws and directives to be obeyed?

Most significantly, I gained a certain amount of interest about the enigmatic decision-making strangers. I learnt and comprehended a lot. I am now of voting age, I see the benefits of becoming exposed to politics. But I’ve discovered that among folks my generation, this isn’t the norm; contrary, there are lot of individuals who just “don’t care”.

Some years, a fight broke out between one of my classmates and a teacher about this. He had a very limited understanding of politics, and she (the instructor) was furious that he was not ready to learn more. Since she judged his IQ based on his grasp of politics, he became enraged. Personally, I think they were both mistaken, but that is not the topic at hand. Because I had never before considered the issue, “Why must we care about politics?” specifically as teenagers?

The solution is straightforward: We are in control of your life as much as we proactively are concerned about politics.

I really think that perhaps the time we begin to distance ourselves from politics; we begin to lose control over our lives. It’s the point at which we give those in authority all the tools necessary to steal our lives and change them anyway they like. When we actually don’t care about politics, that’s when control is lost.

Somebody may think this is over the top, and perhaps it is, but I’d like you to realize how important this is. We have to stick up for what we believe in, particularly as youth. Politics must worry us since we are the ones who are most affected by them.

The crucial job of a transformational leader is to increase employee confidence in their capacity to do a certain task, subject to the impression-managing techniques employed by the staff. I practice these every day to build and enhance my self-efficacy. In order to further my leadership goals, I use social media platforms to carry out self-presentation strategies, which predominately involve individualized techniques.

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List of References

List of References

List of References

Annotated Bibliography

Bahrani, T. &. (2012, October). Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology. Retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/E.

Comas-Quin, A. (2009). ReCall Journal. Retrieved from

http://utdr.utoledo.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2714&context=theses-dissertations.

Dulay, H. &. (2017, July 26). Creative Education. Retrieved from http://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=2083917.

Fernández-López, Á. R.-F.-A.-S. (2013). Computers & Education. Retrieved from http://www.karsenti.ca/ipad/pdf/iPad_report_Karsenti-Fievez_EN.pdf.

Finn, J. D. (1997). Handbook of research on student engagement. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1121524.pdf.

Fishman, J. A. (1991). Reversing Language Shift. Theoretical and Empirical Assistance to Threatened Languages. Retrieved from www.cebip.com/download.asp?file=/elementi/www/esp021_06_siguan.pdf.

Harmon, J. (2012). Learning and Leading with Technology. Retrieved from http://utdr.utoledo.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2714&context=theses-dissertations

Khaddage, F. .. (2013). Proceedings of Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference 2013. Retrieved from http://www.karsenti.ca/ipad/iPad_report_Karsenti-Fievez_EN.pdf.

Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practices in second language acquisition. In M. Saville-Troike, Introducing Second Language Acquisition. Cambridge Introductions to Language and Linguistic.

Piaget, J. (1962). Comments on Vygotsky’s critical remarks concerning the language and thought of the child, and judgment and reasoning in the child. Cambridge Introductions to Language and Linguistic

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List of Values

List of Values

List of Values

Abundance

Acceptance

Accessibility

Accomplishment

Accountability

Accuracy

Achievement

Acknowledgement

Activeness

Adaptability

Adoration

Adroitness

Advancement

Adventure

Affection

Affluence

Aggressiveness

Agility

Alertness

Altruism

Amazement

Ambition

Amusement

Anticipation

Appreciation

Approachability

Approval

Art

Articulacy

Artistry

Assertiveness

Assurance

Attentiveness

Attractiveness

Audacity

Availability

Awareness

Awe

Balance

Beauty

Being the best

Belonging

Benevolence

Bliss

Boldness

Bravery

Brilliance

Buoyancy

Calmness

Camaraderie

Candor

Capability

Care

Carefulness

Celebrity

Certainty

Challenge

Change

Charity

Charm

Chastity

Cheerfulness

Clarity

Cleanliness

Clear-mindedness

Cleverness

Closeness

Comfort

Commitment

Community

Compassion

Competence

Competition

Completion

Composure

Concentration

Confidence

Conformity

Congruency

Connection

Consciousness

Conservation

Consistency

Contentment

Continuity

Contribution

Control

Conviction

Conviviality

Coolness

Cooperation

Cordiality

Correctness

Country

Courage

Courtesy

Craftiness

Creativity

Credibility

Cunning

Curiosity

Daring

Decisiveness

Decorum

Deference

Delight

Dependability

Depth

Desire

Determination

Devotion

Devoutness

Dexterity

Dignity

Diligence

Direction

Directness

Discipline

Discovery

Discretion

Diversity

Dominance

Dreaming

Drive

Duty

Dynamism

Eagerness

Ease

Economy

Ecstasy

Education

Effectiveness

Efficiency

Elation

Elegance

Empathy

Encouragement

Endurance

Energy

Enjoyment

Entertainment

Enthusiasm

Environmentalism

Ethics

Euphoria

Excellence

Excitement

Exhilaration

Expectancy

Expediency

Experience

Expertise

Exploration

Expressiveness

Extravagance

Extroversion

Exuberance

Fairness

Faith

Fame

Family

Fascination

Fashion

Fearlessness

Ferocity

Fidelity

Fierceness

Financial independence

Firmness

Fitness

Flexibility

Flow

Fluency

Focus

Fortitude

Frankness

Freedom

Friendliness

Friendship

Frugality

Fun

Gallantry

Generosity

Gentility

Giving

Grace

Gratitude

Gregariousness

Growth

Guidance

Happiness

Harmony

Health

Heart

Helpfulness

Heroism

Holiness

Honesty

Honor

Hopefulness

Hospitality

Humility

Humor

Hygiene

Imagination

Impact

Impartiality

Independence

Individuality

Industry

Influence

Ingenuity

Inquisitiveness

Insightfulness

Inspiration

Integrity

Intellect

Intelligence

Intensity

Intimacy

Intrepidness

Introspection

Introversion

Intuition

Intuitiveness

Inventiveness

Investing

Involvement

Joy

Judiciousness

Justice

Keenness

Kindness

Knowledge

Leadership

Learning

Liberation

Liberty

Lightness

Liveliness

Logic

Longevity

Love

Loyalty

Majesty

Making a difference

Marriage

Mastery

Maturity

Meaning

Meekness

Mellowness

Meticulousness

Mindfulness

Modesty

Motivation

Mysteriousness

Nature

Neatness

Nerve

NoncomformityObedience

Open-mindedness

Openness

Optimism

Order

Organization

Originality

Outdoors

Outlandishness

Outrageousness

Partnership

Patience

Passion

Peace

Perceptiveness

Perfection

Perkiness

Perseverance

Persistence

Persuasiveness

Philanthropy

Piety

Playfulness

Pleasantness

Pleasure

Poise

Polish

Popularity

Potency

Power

Practicality

Pragmatism

Precision

Preparedness

Presence

Pride

Privacy

Proactivity

Professionalism

Prosperity

Prudence

Punctuality

Purity

Rationality

Realism

Reason

Reasonableness

Recognition

Recreation

Refinement

Reflection

Relaxation

Reliability

Relief

Religiousness

Reputation

Resilience

Resolution

Resolve

Resourcefulness

Respect

Responsibility

Rest

Restraint

Reverence

Richness

Rigor

Sacredness

Sacrifice

Sagacity

Saintliness

Sanguinity

Satisfaction

Science

Security

Self-control

Selflessness

Self-reliance

Self-respect

Sensitivity

Sensuality

Serenity

Service

Sexiness

Sexuality

Sharing

Shrewdness

Significance

Silence

Silliness

Simplicity

Sincerity

Skillfulness

Solidarity

Solitude

Sophistication

Soundness

Speed

Spirit

Spirituality

Spontaneity

Spunk

Stability

Status

Stealth

Stillness

Strength

Structure

Success

Support

Supremacy

Surprise

Sympathy

Synergy

Teaching

Teamwork

Temperance

Thankfulness

Thoroughness

Thoughtfulness

Thrift

Tidiness

Timeliness

Traditionalism

Tranquility

Transcendence

Trust

Trustworthiness

Truth

Understanding

Unflappability

Uniqueness

Unity

Usefulness

Utility

Valor

Variety

Victory

Vigor

Virtue

Vision

Vitality

Vivacity

Volunteering

WarmheartednessWarmth

Watchfulness

Wealth

Willfulness

Willingness

Winning

Wisdom

Wittiness

Wonder

Worthiness

Youthfulness

Zeal

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Litchfield Corporation

Litchfield Corporation

Litchfield Corporation

Student’s name

Instructor

Affiliation

Course

Date

Litchfield Corporation makes sales within US and plans to diversify and make exports to UK. Hence a fully owned subsidiary in the UK is ideal. The production cost of Litchfield products is $ 15 per unit and the prospected price shall be $25 per unit making a profit of $10.when the corporation decides to sell to UK subsidiary thee same price as production, it will not make any profit in the US and therefore it will not have any income tax. However in UK, the sales will earn a $10 of profit. UK has lower tax rate and the corporation opts to pay the rate here compared to the US as it is lower thus Income tax in UK is 28% which is less with 7% compared to US. Any small consideration given to tax issues, will offer Litchfield Corporation as the US exporter the opportunity to reduce the income tax liability and positively helping them to sidestep foreign income tax liability.

Litchfield Corporation should consider the tax issues that relate to UK foreign country income taxation, state income taxation and US federal income taxation. In this case Litchfield Corporation is a US exporter and its exports sales to the foreign buyers is made through subsidiaries in United Kingdom. The IRS demands a sales pricing made by any US exporter to the related party. Therefore the exporters cannot invade income taxation of their profits but can defer it by establishing a subsidiary. When the Litchfield corporation decides to have a subsidiary, it splits its export profits into two thus; the first one, export profit from their sales in the US which is US federal income tax and the second one, export profits from the subsidiary’s sales to the foreign buyers which can only be a subject to US federal tax after it has been distributed in form of dividend.

In addition this corporation can exempt a part of its export profits form the US federal income taxation when it establishes a foreign sales corporation (FSC). The exemption will enable Litchfield Corporation that are FSC shareholders to successfully lower the US federal income tax rate that applies alongside their merged export profits.

References

Ault, H. J., & Bradford, D. F. (1990). Taxing international income: An analysis of the US system

And its economic premises. In Taxation in the global economy (pp. 11-52). University of Chicago Press.

Income tax regulations: Including proposed regulations as of May 1, 2008. (2008). Chicago, IL:

CCH.

Larkins, E. R. (2004). International applications of U.S. income tax law: Inbound and outbound

Transactions. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

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Literacy Habits

Literacy Habits

Literacy Habits

Student’s name

Institution of affiliation

Instructor

Course

Date

Literacy Habits

Compare and contrast your literacy habits with your peers, family members, or other person or group you are very familiar with.

As Nicholas Carr argues in his book, people in the present world are indeed moving away from book reading and newspaper reading which need a lot f brain energy to process and understand. This kind f lifestyle, even though perfect for a person who is in a hurry, Carr states that it is not all utterly healthy as people do not realize what they are getting themselves in but rather get themselves into it because of the ease of the ability to enhance a person’s knowledge beyond the mere reading (Carr, 2020). Therefore, with this kind of technology at the service of most people, it becomes challenging for them to retreat to books which are mainly considered only fashion in the current society. This paper discusses the distinction between the two types of intelligence obtained either through the internet or through books using my example and my sister.

In the book ‘The Shallows,’ Carr focuses on discussing two types of intelligence, which brings out a clear comparison between the age of computers and the age of print media. He states that during the period of print media, life was more productive and healthier. These can be attributed to the fact that people used to read in-depth stories and books during print media. Through this reading, the ability to conceptualize a situation and understand concepts was achievable. Therefore, he suggests even though the present-day presents itself with new technology, it is not the best method of studying anything which needs a person’s total concentration and complete comprehension of what is required to be understood.

The new technology of the internet and computers presents itself with brevity which at times is not healthy for a person to read since the deep concepts which are found in books are removed when it comes to the internet because of speed and the ability to read something is what is needed most in the current world (Carr, 2020). However, in the desire to be perfect and brief, the real meaning of intelligence is lost. This is the exact argument I have had with my younger sister for an extended period. She thinks that she can find everything there and read because she has a smartphone and a tablet. However, my perspective is different since I have interacted with the gadgets, and I would support Carr in his argument that the devices we now own are taking so much away from us. I tried studying using a tablet, and I thought the information I was getting was perfect for a long time. However, with time I realized how much I was losing.

The intelligence deficiency came from remembering how my dad read me bedtime stories and encouraged me to read novels. I had connected with these stories to a deep level. When I began using my tablet to study, I realized that the stories and the news and the information I read from the internet did not have a deep connection or information I needed. Therefore, I shifted towards print media for studies. This has been one of my most outstanding achievements since my brain is fully involved, and I can fully relate to the issues presented in a hardcopy book. My sister continues to boast of how good she is at the internet and how it helps her study better since she can quickly google content that she does not know. However, even though our literacy habits are opposed, I have lived both paths, and I am hoping she will come around with time.

Reference

Carr, N. (2020). The shallows: What the Internet is doing to our brains. WW Norton & Company.

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Lifespan Case Study Project Guidelines 2

Lifespan Case Study Project Guidelines 2

Lifespan Case Study Project Guidelines

A case study is an in-depth look at the life experiences of a single person. For

this assignment, you will interview a single individual who has made it to the late

adulthood developmental period (i.e., they are at least 65 years of age) and

explore various topics that we have covered in this course.

This project (worth 100 points) is designed to:

Give you a ‘taste’ of what it’s like to be a developmental psychologist

Apply and discuss various concepts and key terms from a lifespan

perspective.

Provide you with an opportunity to compose a project using APA-style, a

style of citation and referencing that is adhered to in psychology as well as

numerous other fields

General Assignment Requirements:

Title Page and APA-style reference page is required (abstract & running

heads not required)

Font requirements: Times New Roman, Arial, or Calibri, size 12-point

Double-space between lines

One-inch margins all the way around

Five Pages Minimum of body/content

Utilization of at least four scholarly resources (the textbook and class

notes DO count as sources) (two must be from scholarly outside sources after 2005)

Wikipedia is not considered a reliable source and therefore is not

acceptable for use in this class.

APA-style in-text citations ARE required.

Remember that when using outside research, you must paraphrase the

information while still citing. You do not have permission to simply cut and

paste others’ works into your own.

Use of direct quotes should be kept to a minimum, but are perfectly

acceptable if citing dialogue from your interview

File must be uploaded in the proper location

Acceptable file formats include: .doc .docx or .pdf

Must be completed by the date and time indicated in the course schedule in

order to be eligible for full credit.

Twenty percent will be deducted from the final score of late

submissions for each day they are late until they no longer worth any

points.

Specific Paper Requirements:

Your paper will be divided into four parts (in your final paper, please label each

part as Part One, Part Two, Part Three, and Part Four):

Part One: Case Background (one paragraph minimum in length):

This section should include:

The person’s name (for confidentiality purposes, please use only first

names), age, and relationship to you

City/country where the person was born, city/country where they currently

reside, and with whom they currently live. Do they live in a house,apartment, assisted living facility, retirement community, etc..?

Current or former occupation, marital status, # of children/grandchildren

Part Two: Topical Investigation (two pages minimum in length):

This section should explore and apply various topics that we have covered this

semester to the person’s life. Below are some possible questions you can ask

your person (feel free to include the questions in this portion of the paper). Feel

free to explore topics beyond this list as appropriate.

How would you describe your friendships currently and how have your

friendships changed/evolved over the years?

What was work like as a young adult, middle adult, and older adult?

How has your level of stress changed or stayed the same over the years?

How have you coped with stress over the years?

What was your highest educational achievement and how did

school/academics influence you as a person?

How have your romantic relationships evolved over the years?

What is/was your relationship with your parents like over the years? How

about siblings?

How has your personality evolved over the years – has it been relatively

stable or has it changed?

How has your level of intelligence and/or cognitive thought evolved over

the years?

Do you have any areas of expertise?

Do you speak any second languages and if so, in what ways might it have

benefited you?

How have you changed morally over the years?

How have you changed emotionally over the years?

How would you describe your mental health over the years?

How would you describe your self-esteem now (that is, how do you feel

about yourself) and how might that differ or be the same as in earlier time

periods?

How has culture/religion/race/ethnicity/gender influenced your

development and have you ever experienced discrimination based on your

group membership?

How might your life be different/unique when compared to your peers?

Were you particularly impacted by any major historical events?

How has your memory abilities changed throughout the years?

Have you experienced any physical challenges in the past and how are

you doing physically now?

When it comes to children and/or grandchildren, how have those

relationships evolved over the years? If you don’t have any children or

grandchildren, how might this have impacted you positively and/or

negatively?

How has your diet/exercise changed over the years?

In your opinion, what is your greatest accomplishment?

Is there anything you still wish to accomplish in this lifetime?

What advice do you have regarding how to live a happy and healthy life?

Part Three: Theories (two page minimum in length, APA-style in-text

citations are required in this section):

This semester, we have explored many developmental theories. Select at least

two psychologists and/or theories from the list below and apply to your case. In

this section, you need to incorporate scholarly information from at least 2 sources

(your textbook and class notes each count as one source).

Mary Ainsworth

Jeffrey Arnett (see: Early Adulthood)

Noam Chomsky

Dexter Dunphy (see: adolescence, socioemotional development)

Erik Erikson

Joan Erikson

Sigmund Freud

Howard Gardner

Daniel Golman (see: Middle Childhood, socioemotional Development)

G. Stanley Hall (see: adolescence, storm & stress theory)

Lawrence Kohlberg

Gisella Labouvie-ViefDaniel Levinson

James Marcia (see: adolescence, identity)

Robert Peck

Jean Piaget

Robert Sternberg

Harry Stack Sullivan

George Vaillant

Lev Vygotsky

Continuity/Discontinuity Issue (see Chapters 1, 2)

Nature/Nurture (see chapters 1, 2, 3)

Neural network vs. information-loss view of aging

Original Sin/Innate Goodness/Tabula Rasa (see Chapters 1,2)

Parenting Styles

Personality

Social theories of aging including: disengagement, activity, continuity, and

socioemotional selectivity

Stability/Change Issue (See Chapters 1,2)

Temperament

Wear and Tear vs. Genetic Adaptation vs. Cellular view of aging

Part Four: Summary (1/2 page minimum in length):

This section should include a summary of your findings and overall impression of

this person’s life. In addition, I would like for you to answer the following

questions:

How would you describe this person’s development in terms of trajectory?

Would you say that his or her life is cyclical in nature? That is, is he or she

on a path to end up right where they started? Or is his/her life more of a

straight line, in which they are ending up in a completely different place

from where they started? Or would you consider a different trajectory

altogether?

What lessons did you learn from interviewing this person that you aregoing to apply to your own life so that you can be happy and healthy for as

long as possible?

Here’s a poem to inspire you in this section:

The Little Boy and the Old Man

By: Shel Silverstein

Said the little boy, “Sometimes I drop my spoon.”

Said the old man, “I do that too.”

The little boy whispered, “I wet my pants.”

“I do that too,” laughed the little old man.

Said the little boy, “I often cry.”

The old man nodded, “So do I.”

“But worst of all,” said the boy, “it seems

Grown-ups don’t pay attention to me.”

And he felt the warmth of a wrinkled old hand.

“I know what you mean,” said the little old man

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Lifes disappointments

Lifes disappointments

Life’s disappointments

Contents

TOC o “1-3” h z u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc381195462 h 1Coping with disappointment PAGEREF _Toc381195463 h 1Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc381195464 h 2

IntroductionIn life one is likely to face disappointments. Life’s disappointments come in different sizes and shapes and they occur to people of different ages though at the core exists a similar principle. Disappointments exist as a result of the difference between what one expects and what is there in reality. Depending on how deep the disappointment is one might experience a wide range of emotions such as sadness, hurt, jealousy or anger over a period of time.

Coping with disappointmentIf one is already in the throes of disappointment they should not be depressed instead one should sit down and the alternatives that may present themselves in the situation. Denial is very powerful therefore accepting the situation as it is very crucial. For instance if the disappointment is someone that has not come through in the intended way then one should let go and focus on things that they will get positive returns.

One should also draw inspiration fro their role models after being disappointed. Very many people around us can be role models as they come through difficult situations successfully. This can be friends, family members or even celebrities. Gaining strength from their life journey’s of this people enable one to move forward towards their future as well as from disappointing situations.

Talking to friends or family can help one get cope with the situation easily. Letting out the disappointment is very important this is by letting people around you know how one feels. People can give their ideas on how best one can handle the situation. One should not allow themselves to be victims but instead one should be ready to talk of about disappointments, acknowledge them and forgive those that disappointed them and move on. Holding on resentment that is negative will only weigh someone down .one should not look back but forge forward.

One should find hope and optimism in their life. If the particular situation that lead to the disappointment has failed then should look forward to other options that can work out. Creation of other goals and objectives as well as finding people that will cheer one also helps the situation. In life there are always positive things to aspire to therefore one should not be afraid of taking risks simply because of one or two disappointments that someone has been through.

Some disappointments have the potential of hitting someone hard and it often takes time before working them through and moving forward. One should therefore be patient with themselves as they go through that phase of recovery. Knowing that at the end of the day there is hope in every situation and therefore approaching a situation differently ensures that one gets through the situation and any other disappointment that they might come across.

ConclusionCoping with disappointments is just the same as coping with loss. Disappointments help one build their character and patience if one deals with them appropriately. When one copes with the disappointment in a healthy way then one will reach a point where they not only accept the situation but also learn from it. Coping with disappointment is very difficult but if one words through it then other opportunities present themselves.

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Introduction (16)

Introduction (16)

Lifetime Appointment of the U.S. Supreme Courts System

Student’s name

Institutional affiliation

Introduction

In the United States, the appointment of judges to the Supreme Court is among the most decisions a president can ever make. This is because inline with the U.S. Constitution, justices serving at the Supreme Court are allowed to serve a lifetime and are only separated from office if they retire, resign, or are removed from office. This aspect makes the U.S. democracy distinct from other democracies that strict term limits or mandatory retirement ages for high court judges. For instance, in the United Kingdom, justices undergo mandatory retirement at 70 years, as do judges in Australia High courts. Most judges in the United States history retire prior, but a few died while in office, including Justice Ruth Ginsburg, who recently died in September 2020 after serving at the Supreme Court for 27 years (Kearney, 2019). In 1787, by the time the U.S. constitution was ratified, the average life expectancy for white males was 38 years; today, the life expectancy in the U.S. stands at 79 years. This means that the average justice serves the courts for 28 years. There is an argument that the framers never intended justices to serve as long as they do now since life expectancy was considerably shorter at the time of the drafting of the Constitution. This essay points out the pros and cons of lifetime appointment of judges and asserts that the tenure of Supreme Court Justices should have strict age limits rather than lifetime appointment.

Pros of Lifetime Appointment of Judges

Permanency in Office Contributes to independence and Firmness of Supreme Courts.

The essence of guaranteeing justices a position on the benches for a lifetime or until they retire is to guard the courts against fighting partisan battles. The Supreme Court represents the highest Court in the entire U.S. justice system, making it susceptible to external influences hence preventing it from functioning fairly and independently. The Supreme Court is a point of reference against the president’s office as well as congress. Lifetime appointment is deemed helpful as it is intended to ensure that the corridors of justice are insulated against political pressure and they serve genuinely autonomous of government arms. This way, judges are protected from being sacked if they make decisions that are unpopular. In theory, lifetime appointment allows justices to concentrate on the law enforcement rather than politics. Additionally, while a president might nominate an individual to the position of justice because they view them as an ideological or political ally, they cannot be recalled even if political alignment or ideologies change upon getting to the bench. Noteworthy, there is data to suggest that as they age, ideologies of many justices drift leftward. This shows that article III of the Constitution is timely as it prevents wrangles that can arise from having justices that are unbiased or with personal interest in Congress, the Public, or the elected president. According to Alexander Hamilton, who wrote in Federalists No.78, the lack of limits in terms for federal justices “is the best expedient which can be devised in government to secure a steady, upright, and impartial administration of the laws” (Black, & Owens 2016).

Life Time Appointment of Justices Protects Courts’ Legitimacy

In this case, legitimacy is the court’s ability to resolve disagreements using ways that are acceptable by the citizens even when they do not like the decision. Critiques of the ideology of having a term limit maintain that having a lifetime appointment policy is viable as it insulates judges from political pressure hence protecting the Court’s legitimacy (McMillion, 2017). Worth noting, if citizens do not view Courts as legitimate, they are less likely to trust and follow its opinion. On the other hand, having term limits to justices’ tenure for 18 years would only cushion judges from politics from a given amount of time hence tarnishing the Court’s legitimacy.

Cons of Lifetime Appointment of Federal Justices

Lifetime Appointment is a Barrier to Combating Partisan Imbalance in the Courts System

As is, there is no political balance when it comes to giving each president equal nominations of justices through their terms in office. To date, presidential appointments are unevenly distributed between Republican presidents and Democrats. Of the past 18 justices, only four (4) were adopted by democrats, although less than 50% of presidents in the last 50 years were republicans. Worth noting, ideally, about 50% of justices should have been appointed by Democratic presidents and 50% by republican presidents to reflect the majority of the population’s political ideologies at the time of the vacancy. Lifetime appointment of judges does not solve the imbalance as there is no stipulated time when a judge should serve. If there was a term limit, it would solve the imbalance by limiting presidents’ appointments to two per term. This would allow future democratic presidents to appoint more justices to the Supreme Court than they have had thus far.

Life Time Appointment Exacerbates Divisiveness Following the Confirmation Process

Allowing federal justices to serve a lifetime reinforces the division which follows the process of appointing these individuals. Although Justice Scalia was confirmed in 1986 98-0, very few Democrats would agree with him. Notably, since then, no justice has been confirmed unanimously. Instead, nowadays, justices are being confirmed with narrow margins at high rates. Moreover, votes are now aligned with political party lines; for instance, Justice Kavanaugh and Justice Gorsuch were confirmed with 50-48 and 54-45 votes respectively. It is imperative to note that augmented partisanship of the process paints judges as mere political figures rather than unbiased interpreters of the Constitution. In turn, this affects the citizens’ viewpoint towards the courts and the entire justice system. If there were a law to limit the age of service for justices, it would balance the number of judges nominated by each president, thus helping the confirmation process become less partisan.

Conclusion

The issue of nomination of Supreme Courts’ Justice by the present elect in the United States is an important decision to the state and the citizens. This is because, in line with their Constitution, federal judges are permitted to serve a life time and are allowed to leave office only if thy resign, retire or are impeached. I maintain the position that there is need to put strict age limits that restrict justices to serve until they a particular age. The first reason for supporting this notion is that incorporating age limits would solve the imbalance by limiting presidents’ appointments to two per term. This follows the fact that there is no political balance when it comes to giving each president equal nominations of justices through their terms in office. Additionally, if there was a law to limit the age of service for justices, it would balance the number of justices nominated by each president, thus helping the confirmation process become less partisan. The division is evidenced by the narrow margins experienced during the confirmations of justices in the appointment and confirmation process. There is a need to cross-examine how viable article III of the Constitution and if need be, amendment in line with the legal procedures.

References

Black, R. C., & Owens, R. J. (2016). Courting the president: how circuit court judges alter their behavior for promotion to the Supreme Court. American Journal of Political Science, 60(1), 30-43.

Kearney, M. (2019). When to Step Down: Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg and the Supreme Court. Women Leading Change: Case Studies on Women, Gender, and Feminism, 4(1).

McMillion, B. J. (2017). Supreme Court Appointment Process: President’s Selection of a Nominee. Congressional Research Service.

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Introduction (17)

Introduction (17)

Lifetime Appointment of the U.S. Supreme Courts System

Student’s name

Institutional affiliation

Introduction

In the United States, the appointment of judges to the Supreme Court is among the most decisions a president can ever make. This is because inline with the U.S. Constitution, justices serving at the Supreme Court are allowed to serve a lifetime and are only separated from office if they retire, resign, or are removed from office. This aspect makes the U.S. democracy distinct from other democracies that strict term limits or mandatory retirement ages for high court judges. For instance, in the United Kingdom, justices undergo mandatory retirement at 70 years, as do judges in Australia High courts. Most judges in the United States history retire prior, but a few died while in office, including Justice Ruth Ginsburg, who recently died in September 2020 after serving at the Supreme Court for 27 years (Kearney, 2019). In 1787, by the time the U.S. constitution was ratified, the average life expectancy for white males was 38 years; today, the life expectancy in the U.S. stands at 79 years. This means that the average justice serves the courts for 28 years. There is an argument that the framers never intended justices to serve as long as they do now since life expectancy was considerably shorter at the time of the drafting of the Constitution. This essay points out the pros and cons of lifetime appointment of judges and asserts that the tenure of Supreme Court Justices should have strict age limits rather than lifetime appointment.

Pros of Lifetime Appointment of Judges

Permanency in Office Contributes to independence and Firmness of Supreme Courts.

The essence of guaranteeing justices a position on the benches for a lifetime or until they retire is to guard the courts against fighting partisan battles. The Supreme Court represents the highest Court in the entire U.S. justice system, making it susceptible to external influences hence preventing it from functioning fairly and independently. The Supreme Court is a point of reference against the president’s office as well as congress. Lifetime appointment is deemed helpful as it is intended to ensure that the corridors of justice are insulated against political pressure and they serve genuinely autonomous of government arms. This way, judges are protected from being sacked if they make decisions that are unpopular. In theory, lifetime appointment allows justices to concentrate on the law enforcement rather than politics. Additionally, while a president might nominate an individual to the position of justice because they view them as an ideological or political ally, they cannot be recalled even if political alignment or ideologies change upon getting to the bench. Noteworthy, there is data to suggest that as they age, ideologies of many justices drift leftward. This shows that article III of the Constitution is timely as it prevents wrangles that can arise from having justices that are unbiased or with personal interest in Congress, the Public, or the elected president. According to Alexander Hamilton, who wrote in Federalists No.78, the lack of limits in terms for federal justices “is the best expedient which can be devised in government to secure a steady, upright, and impartial administration of the laws” (Black, & Owens 2016).

Life Time Appointment of Justices Protects Courts’ Legitimacy

In this case, legitimacy is the court’s ability to resolve disagreements using ways that are acceptable by the citizens even when they do not like the decision. Critiques of the ideology of having a term limit maintain that having a lifetime appointment policy is viable as it insulates judges from political pressure hence protecting the Court’s legitimacy (McMillion, 2017). Worth noting, if citizens do not view Courts as legitimate, they are less likely to trust and follow its opinion. On the other hand, having term limits to justices’ tenure for 18 years would only cushion judges from politics from a given amount of time hence tarnishing the Court’s legitimacy.

Cons of Lifetime Appointment of Federal Justices

Lifetime Appointment is a Barrier to Combating Partisan Imbalance in the Courts System

As is, there is no political balance when it comes to giving each president equal nominations of justices through their terms in office. To date, presidential appointments are unevenly distributed between Republican presidents and Democrats. Of the past 18 justices, only four (4) were adopted by democrats, although less than 50% of presidents in the last 50 years were republicans. Worth noting, ideally, about 50% of justices should have been appointed by Democratic presidents and 50% by republican presidents to reflect the majority of the population’s political ideologies at the time of the vacancy. Lifetime appointment of judges does not solve the imbalance as there is no stipulated time when a judge should serve. If there was a term limit, it would solve the imbalance by limiting presidents’ appointments to two per term. This would allow future democratic presidents to appoint more justices to the Supreme Court than they have had thus far.

Life Time Appointment Exacerbates Divisiveness Following the Confirmation Process

Allowing federal justices to serve a lifetime reinforces the division which follows the process of appointing these individuals. Although Justice Scalia was confirmed in 1986 98-0, very few Democrats would agree with him. Notably, since then, no justice has been confirmed unanimously. Instead, nowadays, justices are being confirmed with narrow margins at high rates. Moreover, votes are now aligned with political party lines; for instance, Justice Kavanaugh and Justice Gorsuch were confirmed with 50-48 and 54-45 votes respectively. It is imperative to note that augmented partisanship of the process paints judges as mere political figures rather than unbiased interpreters of the Constitution. In turn, this affects the citizens’ viewpoint towards the courts and the entire justice system. If there were a law to limit the age of service for justices, it would balance the number of judges nominated by each president, thus helping the confirmation process become less partisan.

Conclusion

The issue of nomination of Supreme Courts’ Justice by the present elect in the United States is an important decision to the state and the citizens. This is because, in line with their Constitution, federal judges are permitted to serve a life time and are allowed to leave office only if thy resign, retire or are impeached. I maintain the position that there is need to put strict age limits that restrict justices to serve until they a particular age. The first reason for supporting this notion is that incorporating age limits would solve the imbalance by limiting presidents’ appointments to two per term. This follows the fact that there is no political balance when it comes to giving each president equal nominations of justices through their terms in office. Additionally, if there was a law to limit the age of service for justices, it would balance the number of justices nominated by each president, thus helping the confirmation process become less partisan. The division is evidenced by the narrow margins experienced during the confirmations of justices in the appointment and confirmation process. There is a need to cross-examine how viable article III of the Constitution and if need be, amendment in line with the legal procedures.

References

Black, R. C., & Owens, R. J. (2016). Courting the president: how circuit court judges alter their behavior for promotion to the Supreme Court. American Journal of Political Science, 60(1), 30-43.

Kearney, M. (2019). When to Step Down: Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg and the Supreme Court. Women Leading Change: Case Studies on Women, Gender, and Feminism, 4(1).

McMillion, B. J. (2017). Supreme Court Appointment Process: President’s Selection of a Nominee. Congressional Research Service.

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Life Application. Overestimating people’s thoughts about you

Life Application. Overestimating people’s thoughts about you

Life Application

Contents

TOC o “1-3” h z u Overestimating people’s thoughts about you PAGEREF _Toc378195130 h 1Life changing decision PAGEREF _Toc378195131 h 1My first year at high school PAGEREF _Toc378195132 h 2

Overestimating people’s thoughts about youThe opinions that people hold on an individual’s actions, behavior or simply their personality has a great impact on that particular person. There are instances where one can underestimate or even overestimate how other people think of them. I have been in a situation where I totally overestimated how much other people were thinking about me. This occurred during the first few days that I had joined college. I usually made sure that I was early for class and would seat at the front of the class. I would always answer all the questions that were asked even if I did not know the answer. I used to do all this so that I could attract attention and hence be noticed by the rest of the class.

However, this was not the case as one day I asked one of my classmates what they thought of me. Was shocked to realize that he had not noticed my presence in the class and was not even sure we were classmates. This was contrary to my expectations since I expected that everyone in class knew me and thought of me as brilliant student. My situation was quite similar to adolescent egocentrism as I believed that the rest of the class was attentive to my appearance since I always sat at the front. I also believed that they paid attention to my behavior since I was answering al the questions so that I could be noticed. With adolescent egocentrism there is belief that all eyes are on you as a person and this is exactly what I thought (Fraser, 2010).

Life changing decisionI took a decision to change schools from a local school to an international school. This was life changing decision since it is through the school that I met many people from different countries and cultures that made me get the exposure that I would need for my career. It was quite emotional to leave my friends that I had known for a very long time to go to a totally different country. It would be hard for me to settle and get to make other friends and get used to them. This was the only logical move as studying in my country would not give me the exposure that I so much needed. Therefore there was an interaction between the logic behind my decision made it easy for me to deal with the situation in a less emotional way.

I would not have made the decision to make the move if I had given the matter less thought. I looked at the advantages of my decision against the disadvantages and the advantages outnumbered the disadvantages. If I could have given the matter less thought then I could not have weighed my options and could not have made the decision that I made.

My first year at high schoolI attended an international high school which was not in my country. During my first year at the international school I thought that everything would be same as it was back at home. However, this was not the case as the students there were not as hospitable and friendly like the way it was back at home. It was quite difficult to make friends and interact with people in the school. This is because most of the students came from different backgrounds hence behaving in different ways that were often not accommodative to others. I made a decision to try as much as possible to fit in the school through making friends and spreading my hospitable nature. His made the later years of my stay in the school were easier and better. It helped to get to know other people and learning to live with people from different cultures and backgrounds in harmony. I influenced the many friends to adopt a hospitable nature and become friendly. We interacted freely and shared our views and ideas which was quite helpful in our studies.The later years of my stay in that school were therefore the best with so much god memories tied to them.

Reference

Fraser, R. (2010). Definition of Adolescent Egocentrism .Retrieved May 4, 2013 from http://tweenparenting.about.com/od/behaviordiscipline/a/AdolescentEgocentrism.htm

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