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Nurses and Social Media

Nurses and Social Media

Gayann Taylor

Bow Valley College

CSC1040: Information Literacy and Technology Essentials

Instructor Sonya Davis

January 30th 2022

Nurses and Social Media

Summary of the Scenario

The scenario selected for this assignment is scenario 1, which discusses about Bob, a licensed practical/vocational (LPN/VN) nurse for the last 20 years. In this scenario, Bob takes a photo of a resident after getting consent from the brother since the resident could not offer her consent due to her mental and physical condition. Bob shared the photo with a former colleague during their discussion at a local bar. Bob’s employment was terminated when the group home learned about the situation and the BON imposed disciplinary action. This disciplinary action required him to complete education on privacy and confidentiality, ethics and professional boundaries.

Impact of the nurse’s actions

Bob’s action to share the resident’s photos with his friend may affect all the parties involved in the scenario. Firstly, Bob’s individual nursing career may be affected in the future due to the disclosure of confidential information (ANA, 2011). Bob may find it hard to get employed by another healthcare organization. He may also get sued by the resident’s family when they learn that he has shared the photo with a person working in another healthcare organization (NCSBN 2011). On the other hand, the group home may also be affected since it has to fire one of its experienced nurses. Additionally, the public’s trust in nurses in the group home can be compromised when they learn that a nurse in the organization has disclosed the resident’s confidential information (ANA, 2011).

Guidelines Violated

From the scenario, it is clear that Bob did not consider the guidelines offered to help nurses create awareness and caution in order to avoid disclosure of patients’ confidential or private information. One of the guidelines prohibits nurses from taking photos or videos using their personal devices. This guideline was violated by Bob, who took photos of the resident using a personal phone. Additionally, Bob provided sufficient details regarding the patient to a person who is not a member of the healthcare team, which is against the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) which intends to safeguard the privacy of the patient (NCSBN 2011).

References

ANA. (2011). Fact sheet: Navigating the world of social media. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org/~4af5ec/globalassets/docs/ana/ethics/fact_sheet_-_navigating_the_world_of_social_media_web.pdf

NCSBN. (2011). White paper: A nurse’s guide to the use of social media. Retrieved from https://www.ncsbn.org/Social_Media.pdf

Definition of heroism

Introduction

Conceived in Brazil on December 15, 1944, Chico Mendes experienced childhood in a group of elastic tappers (otherwise called seringueiros). Elastic tapping has been drilled by families in the Amazon for eras. It is a procedure whereby one innocuously concentrates sap from elastic trees, which is then utilized as a part of such items as auto tires, pencil erasers, and even Tupperware. Elastic tapping is one of the numerous courses in which the assets of the Amazon are misused without for all time hurting the biological system. It is a reasonable farming framework, and Chico Mendes emulated his father’s example in turning into a seringueiro. For the dairy cattle farmers and mining hobbies in Brazil, “supportable horticulture” obstructs benefit making. Much cash can be made by tearing down the timberland as quick as could be expected under the circumstances and supplanting it with pasture land and strip mines. What the farmers and mineworkers desert is a smashed no man’s land, a destroyed desert where once stood a woodland more than 180 million years of age. Brazilian elastic tapper and area rights pioneer Chico Mendes spearheaded the world’s first tropical woods preservation activity progressed by backwoods people groups themselves. His work prompted the foundation of Brazil’s extractive stores secured timberland ranges that are occupied and oversaw by neighborhood groups.

Dolores Clara Fernandez was conceived on April 10, 1930 in Dawson, a little mining town in the mountains of northern New Mexico. Dolores Huerta is a union pioneer and a lobbyist for the privileges of ranch laborers and ladies. Alongside Cesar Chavez, she established the first effective ranch specialists union in the nation, the United Farm Workers, in 1963 (King, 2010).

Extended definition of heroism

Heroism comprises of activities that must help other people, regardless of the fact that it is a probability and danger of the partner s harm or even passing. Some individuals consider gallantry to be near charitableness, however it is distinctive. Where charitableness stresses denying toward oneself demonstrations that help other people, heroism implies an individual tribute. The part of valor pivots around of the commitment of the individual to an honorable objective and status to acknowledge an outcome of battling for this objective. Heroism is old as mankind itself. The human curved post remembering saints is an all-inclusive nature of human society. Saints are regarded in aged canvases, fables and myth. Social orders dispatched such stories in oral conventions and legends, and myths into epic lyrics. Present day social orders maintain the custom of respecting legends in actually showstoppers as well as in motion pictures and news-casting. Some of gallant thoughts are getting to be lost or changed by general society. Being a legend is not simply being an exceptional figure. We trust it has gotten to be needful to overhaul the verifiable faculties of the saying, and to compel it to land in current time periods. Verifiably, valor has been nearly associated with military administration, albeit social heroism additionally merits close research. For example, Achilles is the prototype war legend, whose qualities were strong to the point, that Socrates readiness not to be taken lightly it was likewise a heroism endeavor. Heroism that comprise a striking thought is generally not all that sensational like heroism that involves immediate physical danger. These diverse methods for urging with the heroism perfect mean a deeper, more tangled meaning of heroism. Activities considered as chivalrous are conventionally boded well that they are not urged by outside weights or at any rate go out the limits of the conduct usually provoked by outer weights. By understanding of chivalry as an issue normal for free will, not as a surprising gimmick, valor gets to be something that stands in the line of conceivable outcomes for everybody, conceivably moving us to answer that call. The pondered the cliché of heroism undresses the myth of the brave choose. It is a myth that reinforces two basic human inclinations: to trait exceptionally uncommon individual peculiarity to extraordinary individuals who do unique accomplishments – to see them as superhuman, contrasting with whatever remains of us and the trap of inertial some individuals call it as the spectator impact. Examination has demonstrated that this impact is frequently inspired by dispersing of obligation. Causes of Heroism

Researchers have long realized that both individuals and creatures are more prone to help those to whom they are hereditarily related, an idea known as tribe’s choice. By helping the individuals who impart our qualities, we help guarantee the probability that those qualities will be passed on to future eras. In others cases, we help other people with the desire that sometime they may help us as an exchange, a thought known as proportional unselfishness (Pilger, 2010). It is clear that that the family is one of the key causes of heroism.

Anyway shouldn’t we think about the sorts of selflessness that don’t rely on helping relatives or expecting some sort of payback? In such cases, situational, social, and identity variables can assume significant part is crafting heroism. After individuals take chivalrous activities, they frequently guarantee that they don’t see themselves as legends; that they were basically doing what anybody in that circumstance would have done. Notwithstanding prompt life and demise circumstances, the force and promptness of the circumstances can motivate some individuals to make a move. The cultural beliefs and taboos determine the heroism status of an individual.

These same situational constrains that electrify a few people to gallant acts can really obstruct others from making a difference. At the point when an emergency emerges in the vicinity of numerous individuals, we frequently fall into a trap of inaction by accepting that another person will offer support, a sensation known as the onlooker impact. Since moral obligation is diffused by the vicinity of others, we accept that another person will tackle the part of the legend.

Some individuals might likewise have identity characteristics that incline them to act in philanthropic and gallant ways. Analysts have recommended that the individuals who have a specific personality set that leads them to act certainly and ethically in troublesome circumstances have a tendency to demonstration instantly and unknowingly when a crisis happens.

Differences

It is clear that there is huge difference between the two leaders that lead to the actions they took for the people or the society. For example, Chico was there to save the environment while the later was there to ensure rights of individuals.

Similarities

The two heroes have a lot in similarities. They were they to help the people and the society. The ideal step to change the law in order to uphold rights of women can be considered as a gender rights such as that of Clara as compered to that of Chico that covered all gender by protecting the environment.

References

King, N. (2010). Heroes In Hard Times. Temple University Press.

Pilger, J. (2010). Heroes. Random House.

Definition of justice in relation to courts

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Pursuing Criminal Justice Outline

Definition of justice in relation to courts

In the world, people are bound to arrive at disagreements a number of times. They revert to courts to arbitrate over the disagreements and arrive at a decision. Justice entails fairness in arriving at a decision. For courts it will involve an independent investigation of the truth in the circumstances. Courts of law are supposed to be fair in their determination of cases. Fairness in this case does not involve establishing the truth at all costs but truth within the law. If one is not able to prove their truth to the court, then it is not the business of the court to assume the truth. In an adversarial system, the court’s definition of fairness and justice is based on the evidence presented by parties and using this evidence within the law to arrive at a decision. These parameters of law include due process of law and rule of law.

Three components of court that illustrate justice

Justice in courts is exhibited when we consider courts procedure, legitimacy as well as independence in the investigation of truth.

Court’s procedure

The court in hearing or in resolving a certain case should adhere to due process of law. This entails not condemning any person until they are heard on their defense. The court should always work on the presumption that every one should be presumed innocent until they are proved guilty. Such people should be given an opportunity to present their case and defense to the court.

Legitimacy

The courts should always observe legitimacy in their attempt to resolve a dispute. For example if it involves acceptance of evidence for the prosecution, it should only accept evidence that has been collected within the law and avoiding accepting evidence that has been collected using trickery. Further courts can only enforce agreements that are legitimate and within the law. Legitimacy is very crucial in assisting courts in arriving at a fair and just decision as it ensures the court acts within the law.

Independence

In any court proceedings, the judge, lawyers as well as the jury are expected to act independently in their investigation of any crime. The judge, jury and should not be biased or influenced by any motives in the court. If a person involved in a certain have a certain interest in the case under consideration, they should always declare their interest and step down from being involved in hearing the matter. This will ensure that they are not influenced by anything in the arrival of a conclusion.

Changes that have occurred to courts as a result of September 11 attacks

After the September 11 attacks courts have adopted in a major way so as to be able to deal with the various changes that happened in the Criminal Justice System. This is especially so following the much legislation that was passed by the congress to deal with the emerging terrorist threats. These laws introduced new crime definitions especially the Patriotic Act that was meant to counter all acts of terrorism.

Biggest challenges to the courts in the next 10 years

One of the biggest challenges facing the court is pertaining its independence. As much as we talk of independence of judiciary owing to separation of powers, complete separation is not possible and therefore some influence especially from the executive is bound to happen.

Secondly, there are many controversies following the constitutionality of some legislation. Without a conclusion on the legality of these laws the courts will always arrive at conflicting conclusions.

Finally, courts are faced with the problem of backlog of cases. This is attributed to the fact that the number of judges especially in federal courts is less if compared to the number of cases that are presented to the courts. This results in delay in hearing and determination of cases.

Definition of old and new advertising Plus how you think is going to be, in the future, around the whole this world

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Introduction

Advertising or marketing in general is one of the most fundamental aspects of any business. In fact, it holds a bearing on the profitability of a business thanks to its influence on the number of people who get to know about the business, as well as the consequent volume of sales or rather the conversion rates. It is worth noting that marketing, or advertising have undergone a tremendous change in the course of time. It has incorporated new techniques all in an effort to expand its reach and enhance its effectiveness.

1. Definition of old and new advertising? Plus how you think is going to be, in the future, around the whole this world?

A customer’s reflection on an experience is largely influenced by his or her anticipation of that experience, which is created prior to or in the initial visceral moments of that experience. It is worth noting that the brand pertaining to a product is essentially a person’s gut feeling about the product, organization or service. In essence, brands are the customers’ personal reflection of a certain experience, which is influenced by their anticipation. This marks the difference between new and old advertising (Tuten, 57).

Old advertising revolves around creating the appropriate anticipation and making that the participant has the best possible outset prior to the experience, as well as coloring the reflection and the usage. On the other hand, new advertising revolves around the experience. It involves the creating the experience, participating in it, as well as adding some extra experiences so as to enforce and diverse the brand (Tuten, 89).

The differences between old and new advertising go deeper than the definition. They go into the different techniques that are used in the old and new advertising. However, as much as the techniques may not have undergone such a tremendous change the venues have changed almost entirely.

One of the techniques of old advertising was newspaper advertising. Prior to the advent of the internet in many households, the consumers spent quite a lot of time perusing the newspapers from the front page to the back. This was, in fact, the best way of getting information on what was happening in the neighborhood, as well as finding vendors of certain products and services. Of course, people still “peruse” papers for such information, but the venue has changed entirely. Consumers can get the information that they need online. In fact, the information is updated in real time, which has forced newspapers around the world to shut down and adopt the online version of offering the information.

In addition, old advertising involved in-person social networking, or one-on-one marketing. In this case, new business owners would benefit immensely from attending numerous social functions that were sponsored by the local civic organizations. Many people in such localities would gather for drinks and hors d’oeuvres and close business deals, which were based on the adage, “scratch my back, and I will scratch yours”. In new advertising, social networking occupies quite a crucial component of marketing, but the venue has been modified entirely. This has been made possible by the advance in science and technology, which has allowed for digital communication in social media websites such as MySpace, LinkedIn, Twitter and Facebook. It is worth noting, however, that the rules pertaining to polite interaction have remained intact. Business relationships, even in the social media websites, would not be developed in a manner that does not support face-to-face interactions. In essence, it is always imperative that businesses adopt respectful tones when advertising online and take an interest in other members via written word (Constantinides et al, 49).

Old advertising also involved cold sales calls, where marketers would go through long lists of telephone numbers and make calls while hoping that the individuals on the other end of the line would be interested in the products and services they were selling. New advertising, however, involves websites where the customers would do their shopping online (Scott, 69). In essence, the vendors only have to create websites and list their products on sales letters, then use fundamental website optimization techniques for the search engines and voila! They have the customers streaming to their websites (Constantinides et al, 78).

In my opinion, advancement in technology is yet to show or exploit its full potential. In essence, it is extremely likely that new advertisement that involves social media websites is here to stay and is essentially the future of advertising (Dury, 59).

2. Traditional and nontraditional – VS – New Social Media.

Social media have formed an enormous part of advertising. As I stated earlier, social networking is not an entirely new phenomenon. It has always been incorporated in advertising with many vendors aiming at expanding their reach through business conventions, where deals are made between them. However, there has been a complete modification of the medium that is used in the modern times.

Traditional and nontraditional social media mainly involved the print media such as magazines, newspapers, as well as network radio and television. This has, however, changed entirely in the recent times, thanks to the entry of new social media. In this case, social media websites have become the key marketing grounds for many companies (Scott, 78). It goes without saying that, this new social media has had tremendous success with every other business seeking ways of tapping into the numerous opportunities that the social media presents. There are various reasons that have led to the tremendous success of the social media over the traditional and nontraditional methods of advertisement (Gladwell, 97).

First, the new social media allow for increased interaction between the vendors and their customers, whether potential or existing. It is worth noting that, the customers not only get an opportunity to place their order online but also communicate with the vendors in real time especially when they need more information on the services and products for which they are looking. In essence, the communication channels are opened while the exposure of the company’s products and services is expanded. Conventional media were limited as far as instant access to communication channels is concerned. New social media, therefore, provides companies with an almost real-time reaction, which is indeed beneficial for companies in dealing with the emerging communication crisis (Qualman, 64). They have come up with a dedicated, and around-the-clock, close monitoring of the online social spaces, thereby giving them the capability to address minor complaints in a speedy manner before they develop into public relations disasters. It goes without saying that consumers have an opportunity to view the varied products that the company may be offering than in the case of tradition media, which essentially involved word of mouth.

New social media have also allowed for real-time customer management. It is worth noting that close customer management via the social media translates into enhanced customer service experience (Qualman, 43). For example, most of the queries made by customers in companies’ twitter accounts are fundamentally responded to in full public view. In essence, the new social media create a perception in customers and noncustomers that they are responsive. This, in effect, provides for the manifestation of powerful results through impressive service. The approach provides for an enhanced level of transparency, as well as genuine authenticity to the profile of the company and ultimately enhances its customer retention efforts. This adds to the advantage that the use of new social media is arguably more cost effective in the long term than the traditional media (Qualman, 89).

However, it is worth noting that the new social media has led companies to loss control over the consumer perceptions of their brand. There has been a reduction in the control that companies have over their corporate message, as well as the individuals that are responsible for disseminating information pertaining to the organization. It is noteworthy that any individual with a computer and internet connection in capable of commenting or reviewing varied brands whether on the social media or in other websites, in the internet. The effect of “media democratization” comes as a crucial inducement for the reevaluation of the manner in which companies and brands communicate (Qualman, 67).

3. Compare Traditional and nontraditional between USA against Middle Eastand Saudi Arabia and how the different?

There are evident differences and similarities between traditional and nontraditional advertisement methods in Middle East or Saudi Arabia and the United States. These differences have a bearing on the impact of the two types of advertising in the different settings. It is worth noting that the key differences in the two regions mainly pertain to the media used.

One of the similarities between the advertising in the United States and Middle East and Saudi Arabia is the incorporation of social networks in the traditional advertising. It is worth noting that the United States and the Middle East both used social networks such as organizational conventions in their advertisement (Evans and McKee, 47)..

However, the difference comes as to the extent of advertisement in the case of traditional methods. In the United States, traditional methods of advertisement such as newspapers, magazines, televisions and radio networks were highly used and regarded to the extent that they went beyond borders. This was, however, not the case in the Middle East and Saudi Arabia. It is noteworthy that, most adverts targeted the local markets in which case companies and businesses never saw the essence of advertising with them as they were already conversant with the various regions. In fact, multinational corporations had to have their own advertisement agencies or departments to cater for such needs (Evans and McKee, 56)..

As for nontraditional advertisement, the uptake of such techniques in the United States is considerably higher than that of the Middle East. In fact, websites and internet shopping is regarded as the main way of business, which is not the case in Saudi Arabia and Middle East.

4. Write about the advertising agencies and ARE they still use the traditional way or they change to be one of the new social media. And why they change from old style way to the newest ways.

The role that advertising agencies play in enhancing the profitability of businesses cannot be understated. These refer to outside companies that meet the advertising and marketing needs of other organizations and businesses. They provide a full range of services pertaining to advertising, as well as advice that is based on studies conducted on the market, advanced sales techniques and popular culture (Evans and McKee, 57). It is worth noting that they can be objective as to the promotional needs of the client thanks to their independence from the client business or company.

Advertising agencies come up with logos, thereby creating attractive and effective color schemes that draw the attention of the customers to their clients’ adverts. In addition, they prepare brochures and slogans in which they incorporate descriptive copies for the sales materials. In some cases, they may come up with public service announcements for social programs and charitable organizations, as well as produce press releases for new products, events or programs of their clients. It is noteworthy that advertising agencies use varied forms of media in the promotion of their clients’ organizations or businesses, as well as goods and services. These include radio and television commercials, infomercials, magazine advertisements, social media websites, as well as newspaper ads. In some cases, advertising agencies may plan events, give away some promotional items or even offer booths at conventions (Hameroff, 17).

The working of advertisement agencies mainly revolves around getting a clear knowledge of the services and produces that the client is offering. Once they have this information, they determine the demographics that provide the most appropriate audience for the promotion of these goods and services (Hameroff, 67). For example, in case the client company sells designer, lady handbags, the advertising agencies are likely to strive to position the clients’ television adverts in channels that are geared towards women or during programs that target women. It is worth noting that the tone and look of the advertisement campaign depends on the demographics. For example, in cases where the company targets mature audience, the design elements are likely to take on a traditional look (Hameroff, 79).

Evidently, advertising agencies have numerous mediums through which they can serve their clients and execute their roles. Most of these methods of advertising use traditional advertising methods. This, however, does not undermine the fact that there has been a tremendous shift in the mediums that advertising agencies use, with many of them opting for the new social media. These include social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, MySpace, as well as the advertising companies’ own websites. This has been triggered by the need to keep up with the ever-changing marketing and advertising options. As much as the adoption of new social media advertising has been slow, numerous companies have realized the importance of keeping up with the emerging trends. There are various reasons for this shift in favor of new social media (Hameroff, 40).

One of the key reasons on why advertising agencies are shifting to social media advertising is the magnitude of exposure that the social media avails. It goes without saying that many consumers do their shopping online. In essence, the appropriate social media campaign has the capacity to reach millions of people who use social media every day. Reaching such an audience would have been a herculean task for the agencies if they used traditional means of advertising (Hameroff, 67).

In addition, the new social media advertising offers relatively immediate results. It is extremely possible for companies to have their website visitor increase tremendously depending on their adverts’ effectiveness. This provides an excellent ground for launching events and products (Hameroff, 27).

5. In terms of advertising, how OLD and NEW advertising impact the societyin USA?

It goes without saying that there exist some fundamental differences between old and new advertising. This is not only as to the techniques but also the venues where such marketing occurs. In essence, there are fundamental differences in their impacts on society (Bughin, 69). These differences are compounded by the variations among the different communities or societies as they define the absorption of such forms of advertisement. This, however, does not undermine the fact that there exist some similarities between the impacts of the two advertising methods whether in the same or different communities regardless of the absorption (Simmonds, 78).

In the United States, it goes without saying that the absorption of new advertising has been quite high. This has been partly due to the freedom and democracy that the country enjoys especially as far as sharing information and speech is concerned. In the same way, the impact of both old and new advertisement has been tremendous (Simmonds, 67).

First, these forms of advertising have opened up communities and new markets for businesses. This is especially due to their tremendous reach in the market, which allows many users to be reached every day especially in the case of new advertising. Of course, there are variations as to the reach of both forms of advertising, which consequently leads to differences in their impacts. Either way, they have opened up communities and allowed for enhanced communication between the varied stakeholders (Petley, 34).

In addition, new advertising has enhanced the participation of individuals in the building of varied brands. It is worth noting that the increase in internet usage coupled with the simultaneous decrease in the viewing of television has enabled the consumers in the United States to have increased control on their view of and interaction with advertising, as well as their capability to filter the same (Spurgeon, 22).

In addition, new advertising has allowed for the incorporation of peer-delivered and user-generated content, as well as ad-revenue-sharing models, where amateurs and semi-professionals have the opportunity to come up with low-cost advertising content. This has, consequently, resulted in an expansion, in the realm of adverts’ creativity (Spurgeon, 23).

On the same note, it is noteworthy that there has been a change in the advertising format from impression-based to a relatively impact based format. In essence, marketers now have the capacity to measure beyond the ad-reach to the actual engagement of the service or product. In addition, the adverts space that is currently available via efficient and open exchanges has led to the replacement of proprietary marketers by open platforms (Stafford, 67).

The proliferation of new advertising has made people almost immune to the consuming culture process. It has become imperative for the advertising industry to revive itself, thanks to the fact that the numerous products in the culture industry have regenerated to a something akin to a visual distraction (Fox, 45). It is worth noting that the viewers’ attraction is captured by the novelty and excitement with which adverts come, which also props up the culture industry thereby making sales. The success of any advert lies on getting noticed, which explains the reason as to why people continue buying advertised products even when they can see them (Stafford, 45).

6. In terms of advertising, how does old and new advertising impact the society in Middle East and Saudi Arabia?

In understanding the impact of new and old advertising on the society of Middle East and Saudi Arabia, it is imperative to examine the regions involved. This is because each region incorporates its own culture, as well as likes and dislikes, which effective marketing aims at exploiting to their advantage. It is worth noting that the Middle East and Saudi Arabia have not been left behind as far as the incorporation of new advertising is concerned. This, however, does not undermine the fact that their incorporation is a bit low compared to other regions such as the United States. In essence, the magnitude of advertising impact may be different. However, there are various similarities between the impacts between the impacts of old and new advertising in Saudi Arabia and United States (Stoklossa and Rempen, 69).

Until the late stages of the 90s, Saudi Arabia’s advertisement was mainly restricted to the local media. Most companies saw no need for advertising agencies since most the media were mainly local. After all, they had a perfect knowledge of the local market, in which case they preferred to create their own in-house creative departments which would sell their services and products to the local consumers (Kavoossi 36). This cheap and seemingly efficient status quo remained for decades. However, this has changed immensely in the recent times with close to 50% of internet users in the Middle East and Saudi Arabia being on social media. Research has also shown that for a fifth of internet users (20 percent) in Saudi Arabia, following and liking a brand mostly translated to purchasing products that appear under the brand name (Fox, 78).

One of the principal impacts of old and new advertising is opening up societies in these regions to each other, as well as to other societies around the world. It is worth noting that as much as old advertising was the main thing until the late 90s, it still enabled the interaction between the societies in these regions (Kavoossi, 45). This was complemented by the entry of the new advertising, which opened up societies in these areas to other societies in the world. Evidently, there is a considerable uptake of new advertising in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East. In essence, the communities in this area have expanded their view on the outside world.

On the same note, the opening up of these markets has not only allowed for changes in market structures but also increased the competition between local and international market players. Evidently, the competition has led to a reduction in the prices of commodities (Darouni, 67).

In addition, old and new advertising has led to an increase in innovation in the two regions. This is especially having in mind that there has been an increase in the level of competition. As stated, the attraction of potential consumers is mainly piqued by the attractiveness of the adverts, as well as the creativity or innovation that has been incorporated in the making up of the adverts. In essence, both amateurs and semi-professionals in adverts have had to enhance their creativity so as to have an edge in the market and increase their market share (Darouni, 57). Obviously, this has also involved the establishment of numerous advertising agencies in these regions. It goes without saying that the advertising techniques have also led to the expansion of existing markets in these regions.

However, old and new advertising has also created relative insecurity among the people in these regions. This is especially in the case of new advertising, which involves the internet. It is worth noting that some of these websites share their customers’ private and confidential information with other websites, thereby endangering the lives of their customers (Stoklossa and Rempen, 78). This was unheard of in the case of old advertising techniques, as all the consumers would do was watch television adverts or listen to radio commercials and peruse papers for information on the various vendors.

Works cited

Scott, David. The new rules of marketing and PR. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. 2007. Print

Gladwell, Malcolm. The tipping point. New York: Back Bay. 2000. Print

Dury, Glen. ‘Opinion piece: Social media: Should marketers engage and how can it bedone effectively’, Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice. 2008 print

Constantinides, Efthymios., Romero, Carlota Lorenzo and Boria, Miguel A. Gómez. Social media: A new frontier for retailers?’,European Retail Research, (2008). Print

Bughin, Jacques. The rise of enterprise 2.0’. Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice. 2007. Print

Tuten, Tracy L. Advertising 2.0: Social Media Marketing in a Web 2.0 World. New York: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2008. Print

Evans, Dave. Social Media Marketing: An Hour a Day. New York: John Wiley & Sons 2008. Print

Qualman, Erik. Socialnomics: How Social Media Transforms the Way We Live and Do Business. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2009. Print

Evans, Dave & McKee, Jake. Social Media Marketing: The Next Generation of Business Engagement. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2010. Print

Anderson, Eric. Social Media Marketing: Game Theory and the Emergence of Collaboration. London: Springer, 2010. Print

Petley, Julian. Advertising. New York: Black Rabbit Books, 2003. Print

Simmonds, William G. Advertising Barns: Vanishing American Landmarks. New York: Voyageur Press, 2004. Print

Fox, Stephen R. The Mirror Makers: A History of American Advertising and Its Creators. Illinois: University of Illinois Press. 1997. Print

Darouni, Kamal, G. Advertising and marketing communications in the Middle East. London: Notre Dame University Press, 2002. Print

Kavoossi, Masoud. The Globalization of Business and the Middle East: Opportunities and Constraints. London: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000. Print

Spurgeon, Christina. Advertising and New Media. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2007. Print

Stafford, Marla, R. Advertising, Promotion, and New Media. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2005. Print

Stoklossa, Uwe & Rempen, Thomas. Advertising: new techniques for visual seduction. New York: Thames & Hudson, 2007. Print

Hameroff, Eugene J. The Advertising Agency Business: The Complete Manual for Management & Operation. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional, 1998

Definition of patriarchy and capitalism interact

Definition of patriarchy and capitalism interact

Patriarchy

Patriarchy is a type of social organization where a male heads the family and kinship, title, and descent are outlined through the line of male.

Capitalism interact

Capitalism interact is a type of economic system where ownership of the production means, investment in, exchange of wealth, and distribution is maintained and made chiefly by corporations or private individuals, especially as compared to state or cooperatively-owned wealth means.

The history of patriarchy

Patriarchy developed at a specific period in history when a number of processes involving cultural, historical, demographic, and ecological factors (developed as lifestyles) changed and new circumstances were adapted. During this period, people were mutually interactive. However, some of these lifestyle processes eventually resulted to male dominance. Male scribes, scholars, and historians have created a number of explanatory systems, belief systems, and heroes in various civilizations. This has made women to be left out and not recognized until fairly recently. Further, the culture of male-female partnership and equality was introduced. Historically, patriarchy used to be referred to the rule of autocratic by male who where the heads of their families. However, in modern times patriarchy is referred to social systems where power is among the adult men.

Relationship btw patriarchy & capitalism

The relation between capitalism and patriarchy is that of partnership. Although patriarchy and capitalism work together, some research say that they are not similar systems. In the 19th century, the family wage idea was accepted along with the separate spheres notion. This is one case where capitalism change or adjust to patriarchy. The capitalists are not happy about the better pay to males than before. Moreover, they reinforce the patriarchal (separate spheres) idea. The capitalists are contributing to gender class systems like racial class and racism systems to function as mechanisms of social control hence serving capitalism. On the other side, patriarchy sometimes will adjust to capitalism. For instance, patriarchy is not happy of giving more control to mothers over their children than before as it is in custody cases. Therefore, patriarchy and capitalism form a type of partnership thus; each will make concessions to wants of the other.

Effects of patriarchy on the distribution of income and wealth and poverty

A number of researches show that women have low or no share in income or earnings in the family. Patriarchy does not allow gender equality and this exclude woman from working outside home. For this reason, women are most vulnerable to poverty. Moreover, female become totally dependent on their men economically. Gender inequality also makes women to have more burden of household work and this makes them not to be productive. Patriarchy gives males the power to decide in their houses. This brings unequal opportunities and thus poverty gets in. Women were not allowed opportunities to higher education and this caused difficulty in labor markets. Patriarchy does not allow equal distribution of resources and this affects poverty alleviation.

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References

Nilufer. 1998. Gender and poverty: Social development and poverty elimination. Working Paper Series.

Alam, A. 2010.

Impact of gender discrimination on gender development and poverty alleviation.

Sarhad J. Agric. 27(2): 329-339

Deliberate exclusion

Name:

Institution:

Course:

Tutor:

Date:

Discussion Questions

Question 1:

The court put in consideration various factors before reaching a decision. To begin with, it determined whether Kodak had monopoly power and after establishing this, it delved into determining whether the decision that was undertaken by Kodak was informed by the need to protect its patented parts as well as copyrighted works. The court then evaluated various competing interests of the public policy and found out that Kodak’s decision to protect the others form its patented and copyrighted work had devastating effects on the consumer base. In this regard, Kodak’s decision to exclude some consumers such as independent service organizations can be considered to be unethical and needs to be shunned. From a business point of view, all consumers are major stakeholders in a given business entity and therefore their needs need to be addressed accordingly. Deliberate exclusion form benefiting from the services and products of this company undermined the degree of happiness of the respective consumers. From a utilitarian standpoint, this is immoral because it reduces the level of happiness of the consumers.

Question 2:

In this case, the agreement between Northeast and Wellington was not bound by any fiduciary like obligations. For this reason, Northeast was not obligated to provide any adverse information about the clients to Wellington. The court ruled in favor of Wellington because in light of the contract agreement, Northeast was solely required to find and present suitable candidates as opposed to performing the services provided by an investment consultant or banker which are bound by fiduciary like obligations. Ruling otherwise would have accorded Northeast other obligates that were not initially presented in the contract. The court also ruled in favor of Northeast because this organization fulfilled its role as required by the contract. Put differently, it found and presented Wellington with a willing buyer of its investment.

There are various risk factors that the management needed to have reviewed prior to finalizing and implementing the acquisition agreement. To begin with, the management of Wellington needed to have reviewed the credibility of Sternau’s companies as well as their reputation. Prior analysis in this regard would have been useful in enabling Wellington to make informed financial decisions either before or after entering the acquisition agreement. Besides understanding the history of Sternau’s companies Wellington organization also needs to have evaluated the investment options that it had at its disposal. Likewise, this would have been useful in enabling it to make credible financial decisions and to define its position in the acquisition contract.

Question 3:

The United States has 94 different federal district courts that also represent the federal trial courts under general jurisdiction. Every district court covers a geographic region that is called a judicial district. The respective locations covered by the each district differ considerably. The District of Columbia, three territories and Puerto Rico have one judicial district each. The remaining states have either two or more judicial districts. The inherent geographic disparity has diverse implications on the quality of service that the citizens are accorded. Arguably, the services provided by judicial districts covering bigger geographical areas as comparatively of lower quality than those covering a smaller geographical area. This is further compounded by the rising population and increasing diversity as well as complexity of social problems.

Question 4:

The constitutional right that the government would be infringing upon under these facts pertains to the student’s right to free speech. Under the US constitution, very individual has a right to communicate his or her ideas, expressions and opinions freely. This is inclusive of the freedom to hold individual opinions without any form of interference. It also involves the right to receive, seek, or impart ideas or information using any form of media irrespective of the frontiers. Expelling the student from the school would certainly infringe upon the rights of the student to free speech.

In addressing this concern, the court would review the school regulations regarding the dress code. Arguably, an education institution that would tae such a step would certainly have strict rules regarding the dress code and the relative expectations of the students. The school would in this regard refer to cases of controversial articles or information on student clothing to shield it self. Also, reference to the right to freedom would be made and the action of the education institution analyzed in light of the respective provisions.

Indeed, there are competing interests that are presented in this case. These need to be balanced in order to foster harmonic co existence between the school principal and the students. Allowing the child to wear the t-shirt would have profound implications on the authority of the learning institution. In particular, this would imply that the student is more powerful than the school authority and might culminate in the occurrence of other detrimental discipline cases. Considering the fact that the information on the t-shirt is a little bit sensitive, allowing the student to wear it would also imply that the respective information is indeed true. This has adverse impacts on the smooth running of the school. Preventing the student form wearing the t-shirt on the other hand would raise various concerns related to the free speech right.

There are various other factors outside the constitution that the court might consider during its decision making. To begin with, it would analyze whether there have been occurrences in the school in the recent past that might have compelled the student to print the writings on the t-shirt. Then, I would also evaluate the past behavior of the student in a bid to determine whether s/he has been involved in discipline matters previously. This would enable the court to ascertain the action and decision of the student in this respect. Further, it would be useful for the court to determine whether the student has had relationship problems with the principal before.

If the t-shirt contained vulgarity or profanity according to community standards, the analysis of the case would not change. This is because the issue lies under the freedom of speech issue and the community is not directly involved in the matter. Finally, it is not a must that the student takes the case to court. There are other viable mechanisms through which the dispute can be resolved. To a great extent, these would be based on the relationship that the student has with the school administration. For instance, negotiation approach to problem resolution can be pursued. In this regard, a third party such as parents of the student or school board would be employed in helping the principal and the student to resolve the problem.

Delinquency Prevention Program

Delinquency Prevention Program

(Author’s name)

(Institutional Affiliation)

Delinquency Prevention Program in the state of California

Youthful offenders in California up to the age of twenty five years are provided with treatment and education by the Division of Juvenile Justice. The program concerns itself with juvenile offenders with intense and criminal backgrounds, and who have extreme treatment needs. In the modern society, youth offenders are taken to various faculties in their communities in order to be close to their family. Also, the youth offenders need to access social and local services that will help them when being rehabilitated. The population represented by DJJ is quite low at one percent despite the fact that last year 225000 youth were arrested last year in California.

Treatment, vocational and academic programs are provided by the Division of Juvenile Justice. Furthermore it addresses medical care, mental health programs, substance abuse, sex offender behavior, criminogenic and violent behavior. The activities takes place in a secure and safe environment that is quite conducive for learning. The Alameda Superior Court is responsible for guiding the treatment plans as a result of the Farrell lawsuit settlement agreement. The youth offenders are assigned to live in houses based upon their specialized treatment needs, risk of institutional violence, gender and age. The youth in the different living units are housed in few numbers because of the limited staffing levels. This ensures that the youth receive effective rehabilitative and attention programming.

The DJJ has a framework that focuses on the Integrated Behavior Treatment Model. It has been specifically designed to reduce future criminal behavior as well institutional violence. It is intended to provide the youth with personal skills that will assist them in managing their environment much better. The staff at DJJ is from various professional fields and they work as teams to be fully aware of the youth’s needs. This in turn assists them to come up with a treatment program that is individualized to address the problems facing the youth offenders. The team collaborates with the youth in order to deliver a case plan that will take full advantage of the personal strength of the youth. Lastly, it seeks to administer treatment in the other areas in the life of the youth offender in order to ensure that they do not become repeat offenders.

The program being offered at DJJ has proven to be extremely successful in many ways. It has been able to operate as a school district that is fully accredited and provided the youth with high school education. Most of the youth have attended the education program and in turn some of them have become eligible for parole. In fact, since the year 2004, as many as 5632 youth offenders have achieved academic success. The education program aimed at the high school students has seen a 300 percent increase in the number of enrolled youth. At the same time, this has been taking place while the population at DJJ declined by at least 56 percent. The DJJ has also come up with a program whereby the youth raise butterflies in a habitat garden. This project has been effective in restoring the belief that the youth can change and have better lives.

In conclusion, the program at Division of Juvenile Justice is quite effective in many aspects. However, if there were some things that I would change about it would be increase the number and variety of activities the youth can participate in. Also, I would provide the youth with jobs that they would do while in the detention center. This would make them more productive once they are out of the program and in society.

Reference

California department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. (2013). Division of Juvenile Justice. Retrieved from HYPERLINK “http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Juvenile_Justice/index.html” http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Juvenile_Justice/index.html.

deliverables of an early warning system

Output/ deliverables of an early warning system

Student name:

Instructor:

Institution

Introduction

As a labour intensive industry, hospitality employs large numbers of wage earners, whose taxes and disposable income add to gross domestic output and help to create further employment opportunities. Given that each hotel room typically requires one member of staff, every hotel room built has the potential to create an additional job [1].

Furthermore, for every dollar spent by a guest in a hotel, one additional revenue dollar is generated for the community. Referred to as the ‘multiplier effect’, this concept is used by economists to explain how money spent by a hotel guest travels through a community to purchase the goods and services required to meet the guest’s needs. In the United States, for example, the multiplier effect is approximately two; that is, for every dollar spent by a guest in a hotel, one additional revenue dollar is generated across a wide range of businesses [2].

`Captive’ customers and database marketing, combined with modern information technology, provide the means for achieving these goals and measuring company achievement in unlocking the potential expenditure from customers. Information systems provide early warning of resorts and/or product types that are losing customer appeal while identifying others that are growing in popularity [3].

Eco-tourism system, good or bad, is shown by the state of health index. The comprehensive index is decided by the pressure index, state index and response index. “Pressure index” shows reasons that tourism ecosystem health took place deterioration, which is indicated with its abundant tourism resources, socio-economic development pressure and intensity of human activity. Status Index refers to the situation of the quality of the eco-tourism system under the current period, shown by the quality of eco-tourism environment, the level of tourism development, and environmental awareness of the tourists. Status is the result that we continually put pressure on our natural environment, which decides anti-interference ability and buffering capacity or ability to the pressures. In the face of the state of the tourism ecosystem under the pressure, we have to take some of the policies and measures, which is response index which is characterized by preferential policies and environmental protection efforts.

The issue of multi-objective decision-making, as well as specific analysis of the levels is established by the index system, using layer-analysis and expert investigation methods to determine weight of the indicators. After identifying tourism ecosystem health evaluation index system, actual development of regional tourism is combined through a great deal of statistical analysis of survey data, regional tourism of the ecosystem health index is calculated, is analyzed and ecosystem health status is predicted through appropriate antitheses of the tourism indicators and the health diagnosis of tourism ecosystem is carried out, and finally countermeasures are proposed[4].

Airspace industry: The aerospace division of Diamler-Benz (acronym DASA) was a company most would recognize as a member of the Airbus consortium. It was also involved in manufacturing military aircraft, as well as related fields. Today it is no longer a division of Diamler, which in July 2000 merged it into the new European Aeronautic Defense and Space Agency (EADS) with the French Aerospatiale Matra and the Spanish CASA.

While still at Diamler, DASA had an elaborate strategic early warning system with some classic German characteristics (highly analytical and systematic process of identifying risk, an attempt to put the world into a clearly defined, fully mapped, orderly system, and measure as much as possible. As expected, this engineering company’s strategic early warning system (SEWS) was extremely analytical. At the heart of its methodology for identification of risks was a unique “driver driven analysis”, an analysis of the main factors influencing the future along the lines of system dynamics[5]. Once the scanners reported remarkable changes on the most critical descriptors, the issue which was pertinent to a particular business unit, the notice went to a special evaluation committee in this business unit. On issues pertaining to corporate decisions, the reporting and monitoring were initiated within the corporate staff and the early warning team did the analysis[6].

As increasing urbanization is taking place worldwide, earthquake hazards post strong threats to lives and properties for urban areas near major active faults on land or subduction zones offshore. Earthquake early warning systems can be useful. At least three countries have earthquake early warning systems in operation: (1) Japan, (2) Mexico, and (3) Taiwan. These systems can provide a few seconds to several tens of seconds of warning for large earthquakes. More significantly, a properly upgraded seismic network can provide a shake map within minutes after a disastrous earthquake, so that loss estimation can be quickly assessed to aid disaster response and recovery[7].

References

[1] Olsen, M. D., 1995: Into the New Millennium: A White Paper on the Global Hospitality Industry. International  Hotels &Restaurants Associations. France.

[2] Ibid

[3] Marketing in Travel and Tourism by Victor T. C. Middleton, Jackie Clarke; pg. 441

[4] FAN Qiumei, SUN Tieheng/Management Science and Engineering Vol.2 No.4 2008 59-65

[5] Early warning: Using competitive intelligence to anticipate..,Vol.2003 by Benjamin Gilad; Case study of CEW in Action; 184,185,186

[6] Early warning: Using competitive intelligence to anticipate..,Vol.2003 by Benjamin Gilad; Case study of CEW in Action; 188,189

[7] Earhquake Early Warning Systems: Current Status and Perspectives by Willy H. K. Lee, Juan Manuel Espinosa-Aranda./ Early Warning Systems for natural disaster reduction by Jochen Zschau, Andreas N. Kuppers.