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Romantic Opera

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Romantic Opera

Summary

A symphonic poem also referred to as Tone poem is a musical masterpiece that is enthused by deas beyond the premise of music which is alluded by the title. The symphonic poem that is defined by a single movement is an evolution from concert-overture, an overture that has no connection to an opera and a play but still remains to suggest the natural sequence of events.

Composers created music with the intention of promoting nationalism or help influence patriotic sentiments. Music created as romantic opera reflected a period of political turbulence in the Western world. Romantic opera was made for revolutionaries as they pursued a certain idea of liberation. In, 1848 a German composer received a music composition as a present in his 38th birthday. He hard created a poem about moving forward on the basis the slogan of vorwart’s a popular political mantra them. The present presented by his wife contained music and was generally a remake of one of his poems. The use of music, however emotionally charged and created an obvious image battling cry with Germany or instance calling for the Unity of East and West Germany.

Pyotr Ilyich Tcahikovksy is Russia’s most influential composer in its history. The general public is drawn to Tchaikovky’s music because of its tuneful characteristic, extraordinary harmonies, melodies with an open mind, and interesting picturesque instrumentation. Pyotr has gone on to write 7 symphonies, done three ballets, 11 operas, points among other notable works (Poznansky).

Listening

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky is one of the greatest composers of a song inspired by this tragedy. Although his work in Romeo and Juliet can be considered a tone poem, Tchaikovsky named it an overture-fantasy. After listening to the performance of the Maestro Valery Gergiev at the London Symphony Orchestra, questions arise on how not whether the music capture the deep emotions that define the story. Taking a closer listen to the opening, the character of noble Friar Laurence is made in the state Russian orthodox chorale at the beginning. Can one hear whether there is foreboding in this opening music? The passages that follow are aggressive, and one can hear Tchaikovsky pit the woodwind against the things as they exchange back and forth. At around (6:30) mark, a sword fight can be depicted by the cymbal crashes.

The piece makes the listener aware of Tchaikovsky strong ability in building and sustaining great eagerness. At the 7:01 make, the listeners are prepared to expect a resolution which does not come immediately, and the audience is made to wait. When the music goes into the conversant “love theme”, as the audience goes in D-major, which is miles better than whatever you did.

As the chorale theme opens at (11:17), in the horns (which after a moment followed by) at the onset of the development section. An increase in tension is also noticed at around 14:12 when Maestro Valery Gergiev reaches the unrelenting, tone that is held by a sustained pedal. If close attention is paid, the tension can be felt. The closing passage definitely serves its purpose by capturing the quintessence of the drama.

Classical Music in Cartoons

Composer Antonin Dvorak creates a type of orchestra that is that appeals to the “New World”. The composition termed Symphony No.9, contained the reflections of the composer on the American setting. In his written Dvorak shows that respect of the spirits of Africa n Americans and was a particularly comfortable round which plantation songs. The composer also advises others to take a moment and listen to these African American plantation songs because they were filled by inspiration.

A lot of classic cartoons excellently incorporates the use of original compositions and applies classical music to significant influence (Vincent). Classical music has cemented a place in the cartoon globe, from bugs Bunny and Tom and Jerry. Silly symphonies is about the lore of ancient fable and does not compare to the jolly and kind of jazz. Silly symphonies lay across a wild, frictional sea, across the path from the extended hair of symphony (Walt Disney Animation Studios). Although there is the presence of silly, Snakesperian sequels are marely available. The story focus on star-crossed lovers with the string will stand by each other in the face of adversity, although true love turns discord to harmony. Classical music in cartoons is the writers favourable subject.

Cartoons brought people to music. One example of a cartoon that failed to so is Fantasia. The creators of Fantsais were ready for an “evolving cinemato-graphico-music show (Youtube movies). The creation of Fantasia manifested the shift from the rules that govern the combination of drawings and humorous music to send messages to entertain simply. Fantasia brings the role of classical music in cartoons after its destabilization by rock and roll since the 1960s. In 2000 Fantasia, a lot of points can be seen that mark the difference. Although the same format of music is used in 2000 as it was in 1940, the 2000 version puts a deeper concentration on colour and image (The Disney Animation Movies). The pace of the film is maintained by humour more in the new version like it was in the old one. The film has poetic depictions and dotted with entertaining passages high in the narrative.

Works Cited

The Disney Animation Movies. “Fantasia 2000 – Original Theatrical Trailer.” 10 June 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sNtKugmzsg.

Poznansky, A. “Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.” 7 Nov. 2019, www.britannica.com/biography/Pyotr-Ilyich-Tchaikovsky.

Vincent, M. “LISZTS | The Ten Best Classical Music Cartoons.” 1 May 2018, www.ludwig-van.com/toronto/2015/02/14/liszts-the-ten-best-classical-music-cartoons/.

Walt Disney Animation Studios. “Silly Symphonies – Music Land.” 15 Oct. 2015, www.youtube.com/watch?v=dihJ1w48Jh0.

Youtube movies. “Fantasia (1940) – Trailer.” June 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=LpKA9n-75tQ.

Short Fiction The Tell-Tale Heart

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Short Fiction: The Tell-Tale Heart

Introduction

This part will include the tile of the work, the specifics of the author including their achievements.

This part will present a short summary of the story, capturing certain areas such as the genre, whether it meets the criteria of a gothic story. The summary is a short version of the story presented in the form that is done the author of ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’ although the narrative form used in the story will not be adopted.

Themes:  The author discusses the consequence of guilt/conscience and the descent into insanity. This part elaborates this theme and identifies aspects that show the narrator is not sane. The themes will also be analyzed to pinpoint the intention of the author on what reaction he intended to draw from the reader or the message the text was looking to pass on.

Analysis: This part does an analysis touching on areas where the author uses unusual syntactical arrangement, question and exclamation marks as signs that the author is easily excitable. The analysis will also look at the character and evaluate his motive for killing and try to make sense of it.

Compare: ‘The Black Cat’ is another famous tale which a parallel can be drawn from and make it even more elaborate why ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’ is particularly chilling.

Personalize: This section is a reflection of the work on own life and the connection between it and the theme. The section also discusses the connection of this text to society today.

Evaluate: evaluation entails whether this work is appropriate for reading and main areas that would make me recommend the ‘The Tell-Tale Heart.’

To some extent the court did not commit an error since the police conducted

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To some extent the court did not commit an error since the police conducted the such because the computer showed there was a search warrant issue and from the search they managed to seize illegal products to be used in court. Just like the Evan Vs Arizona case of 1995, the court denied the motion submitted by Evans since his arrest was as a result of clerical errors. In the same case, nobody is to be held accountable for the error by the computer and since as a result of the error, illegal products are found. The work of the police is to maintain order and the judiciary is to make rulings. Since the police did the work as per the computer and no evidence to be used in trial was found then suppressing the motion will make it hard for the court to make a ruling.

The court should rule according to the initial plea agreement since it is the law. Magsy indeed cooperated and indeed accepted and confessed many things. According to the plea agreement, she was to receive a reduced sentencing and charges if she pleaded guilty. Indeed, Mugsy accepter his mistakes thus should be given a short sentencing. , More so, pleading guilty and confessing implies that the accused is a person willing to change thus there is no need for him to stay in prison for a longer period. All in all, the court needs to rule that the accused is guilty, and give him approximately five years of sentencing for it is in the agreement.

Trail of Tears

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Trail of Tears

When European settlers came to America they found that the Native Americans who were Indians. The Europeans were looking for new lands to conquer and America had proved to a viable place where they could obtain raw materials for their industries due to the vast amount of lands that had not been exploited. A good example would be how most English settlers who were considered to be from the lower class were able to move and got land for themselves. Native Americans were very welcoming to the European settlers not knowing that they would be the cause of their problems that would last decade of years to come. European settlers would engage in frequent war with the Natives as they wanted to impose their rule on them. Although they were able to negotiate a few treaties and leaved in peace for a while, after the American Revolution thing took a turn as the white settlers were now completely in power.

The Trail of Tears is an historical term that is used to refer to the forceful relocation that were done on the Native American community who had settled in South Eastern region of the United States. The forceful eviction was a result of enactment of Indian Removal Act of the year 1830 that had been signed into law by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1930 (Thorton, pg. 289-300). The act gave powers to the president to give the unsettled lands that were located on west of Mississippi and in exchange of the Indian lands that were located on existing state borders. Some tribes were okay with this act and moved peaceful while others felt that the relocation was unfair and they wanted to resist. This paper looks at how some native tribes were forceful removed from their land and the effect that the Removal Act had in the long run.

Land policy had long been an issue between the Native Indians and the Cherokee nation. Wen settlers first arrived and started setting up settling point like Jamestown. At first, the Indians were friendly people who welcomed the settlers but soon they noticed the Europeans wanted control especially of the land which is one thing that the Indians valued. The Indians would not allow the Europeans to take possession of their land and that is where the disagreement between the two groups begun (Wood, pg. 1471). The settlers knew the land was useful resource because of its fertility, minerals found in certain location that Cherokee community claimed possession and owning large chunks of land would have also been a sign of wealth. The Indians however believed that the land was communal and everyone was entitled to the land. It is the privatization of land that would lead to disagreement between the Indians and Europeans even after America attained its independence becoming a sovereign nation.

Gold deposits had been discovered in the land that the tribal Indians occupied in the 18000s. Most of these land approximately seven million acres had already been acquired in eastern Tennessee, northwest Georgia and southwest North Carolina. In 1819, Georgia would appeal to the government to remove the Indians from the tribal lands and when these appeals failed they decided to purchase the land. Cherokee which was among the largest tribal native Indian group had established their own government system which was quite similar to the United States system (Ehle, pg. 126). It was made up of a principal chief who was elected, a senate, and they also had a house of representative. They were considered as a threat by the U.S government and were among the tribes that would be moved from their land. There were states that were coming up with laws in order to drive away the Native Americans for example Worcester v. Georgia of 1832. These laws were passed in order to limit the sovereign rights of the Indians. In 1832, a ruling was made by the supreme court ruling the legislation by Georgia was unconstitutional but the federal authorities under the orders of Jackson ignored the order.

The year 1838 during the fall and winter the forceful eviction of the Native Indians begun. The Cherokees were forced to surrender their land on east of Mississippi River to the government and had to move to the west which is the present day Oklahoma. The eviction was not really smooth as a lot of force was being applied that led to injuries as well as deaths of several people. It is approximated that 4000 Cherokees died and this came to be famously known as Trial of Tears. The journey to the new land was not an easy journey as the migrants underwent devastating challenges. Some of these challenges included diseases, hunger, extreme weather conditions and exhaustion as they were required to match for longer journeys. Trial of Tears has been classified as one of the most tragic eras in the united states history (Strickland, pg. 292-309). Native Indians who were the original occupants of United States before even the British, French and Spanish were feeling the effect of people they had welcomed into their land.

Trails of Tears and the forceful eviction marked the sorrows that would follow the Indians. It was seen as the beginning of extermination of the Native Indians by the U.S government. After the American revolution had taken place and the government had been created, Indians were not seen as part of the nation as they were regarded a separate nation within a sovereign country. The Indians were committed to living peaceful with the white settlers but once the settlers had their powers, they wanted to take control of everything as America had proved to be quite a rich and resourceful country. The U.S government in a bid to control these resources that the Indians too had access began a campaign that was characterized by false promises, a lot of treaties were signed that were not honored, racist attitudes as Indians were people of color, and threats by the military that they would remove them forcefully from their native territory. Indians felt unsafe and while some resisted the government intentions, most understood that the resistance would not bare any fruits and that is why some moved intentionally.

When the Indians moved to the West, it gave the settlers an opportunity to continue growing and prospering in the new country that they had created. The most prominent tribes that were affected by the forceful movement included Choctaw, Seminole, Creek, Cherokee and Chickasaw. These tribes had the majority of people driven out of their land which was approximately 60,000 Indians (Perdue, pg. 89). These groups were particularly targeted because they were the majority, were civilized and had good leadership organizational structure. Their way of life and functional system was well organized and defined as they had laws on ownership of property, government offices, had built their own schools which were quite similar to Europe. The white settlers saw them as a threat and if not squashed they would create a revolution that may have an effect on the American government. The leaders from these tribes were often open to negotiating peace talks but most time U.S government wanted everything done their way or would trick them into signing treaties which would not eventually be honored.

One of the effects that the forceful relocation had was broken trusts between the Indians and the white settlers. The Indians were now being treated with utmost disrespect to a land that they first were occupants, it damaged their spirit as a nation. The relocation resulted in immeasurable misery that led to despair. In order for the government to ensure that the Indians relocate swiftly, they were prearranged and wretched to various travelling caravans that would allow ease of management by the military. During the trail they experienced the worst of conditions. They did not have anywhere to sleep when it was dawn and had to sleep in the cold on mad or plain ground that had crawling insects. The caravan included children who also had to undergo such terrible conditions. They did not have enough food and some died due to starvation. There were sever disease outbreaks including pneumonia, dysentery, whooping cough, tuberculosis and pellagra. These diseases contributed to the high number of deaths that were experienced during the movement of the caravan.

The 1830 Removal Act although it gave President Jackson the power to relocate the Indians as they had given their consent, they had to be compensated. However, this proved to be an empty promise as the relocation was not implemented as per the policy. Choctaw Indians who were the first group to be migrated in 1831 had served as a reference to successful relocation. The group was followed by Seminole in 1832, Creek would later follow in 1834, Chickasaw 1837 and last was the largest group Cherokee 1837. By 1837, it is approximated 46000 Native Indians had been moved from the southern states forcefully. Their relocation opened up 25 million of acres of land that were given to white settlement. The settlers used this lands to grow cotton that was a high selling commodity during the 19th century especially as an export product. This was a clear indication that the government wanted to completely eliminate the Indians. How can a government in place trick people who had owned land legally for years to relocate through false promises of compensation and forcefully removing those who did not abide by the law, only to award the land to white Europeans for personal gain (Minges, pg. 453-479). If the promises in the treaty had been honored and the relocations conducted in a more humane manner, then it would have been a little bit better.

Aside from death and diseases, removal of the natives from their land broke families apart. While some Indians did not want to move to the west some escaped and began a life in North of Mississippi. A system that was already organized was also destroyed. The Indians had to restart their civilization again in a different location including having to build new schools, hospitals and social amenities. This took them back to a phase they had already crossed and evolved (Young, pg. 502-524). The Cherokee tribe which had very fertile land were forced to the dry plains which were not good agricultural land. A tribe that was once mighty to be reckoned with had been turned into nothing. There was a split in the group as some agreed others refused who were the majority and were being led by Chief John Ross who was negotiating so that they could not lose their land. Their culture was also lost as they started adopting European culture and over the years a tribe that was the majority is now among the most minority groups in America. The westward expansion by the European was a sign that they could do anything in order to stay in power.

More than a decade later issues of land and resources still persist between the U.S government and the Indians. In 2016, the U.S Government was required to pay $492 Million to 17 American Indian Tribes for the mismanagement of the resources. There have been more than 100 lawsuits that have been brought to court by American Indians as well as the tribal government against the federal government most citing the injustices they underwent including failed promises from the treaties. Tribal lawsuits have proved quite difficult to settle as most are often based on payments that should have been made by the government over the course of the decades (Berutti, pg. 291-308). Because of an error that was made by the Jacksonian administration, Trail of Tears may continue to haunt the United States for a very long time.

In conclusion, Trail of Tears perfectly illustrates the inhumanity that Native Indians had to undergo in a country they were the first inhabitants. The white settlers who moved to America were hell bet on creating a perfect life and freedom for themselves and were greedy that they wanted to possess everything including the rich land. Trail of Tears had quite a devastating effect to the Indians as they suffered from diseases, lacked food and shelter, suffered harsh climatic conditions which resulted in death of thousands of people including the children. Trials of Tears shows the white supremacy that existed among the European nations who believed they were better than all the other races and thus they had to exert their rule upon them.

Works Cited

Berutti, Ronald A. “The Cherokee Cases: The Fight to Save the Supreme Court and the Cherokee Indians.” American Indian Law Review 17.1 (2016): 291-308.

Ehle, John. Trail of tears: The rise and fall of the Cherokee Nation. Anchor, 2011.

Minges, Patrick. “Beneath the underdog: Race, religion, and the trail of tears.” The American Indian Quarterly 25.3 (2001): 453-479.

Perdue, Theda, and Michael D. Green. “The Cherokee Removal.” A Brief History with Documents. New York-Bedford (1995).

Strickland, William M. “The rhetoric of removal and the trail of tears: Cherokee speaking against Jackson’s Indian removal policy, 1828–1832.” Southern Journal of Communication 47.3 (1982): 292-309.

Thornton, Russell. “Cherokee population losses during the Trail of Tears: A new perspective and a new estimate.” Ethnohistory (1984): 289-300.

Wood, Mary Christina. “Indian land and the promise of native sovereignty: The trust doctrine revisited.” Utah L. Rev. (1994): 1471.

Young, Mary. “The Cherokee Nation: Mirror of the Republic.” American Quarterly 33.5 (1981): 502-524.

Reasons to visit Lanai

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Reasons to visit Lanai

I have always enjoyed touring to new places during the summer break. This is the only way I get to enjoy other life besides the busy life in the city and the memory of school work. Last holiday I decided to visit Lanai in Hawaii. I wanted a quiet place where I would experience all the activities I had wished for while young. The place is so fresh and green for one to imagine there exists deserted places. I still have the memories of the place and I believe it will take longer for me to forget about the beautiful serene in Lanai. The island is also known as the Pineapple. It was developed in the 1920s by James Dortmund who built bungalows to house his workers (https://www.hawaii.com/lanai/info/about/). It was once considered as among the largest pineapple plantations in the world. Currently, more than three thousands of people reside in the Island and it is no longer known for its pineapple plantation but the beautiful nature that the place has.

Visiting the place, I had a different experience on the atmosphere. I am used to waking up to noises in the city with cars hooting, this was not the same in Lanai. In the Island, one wakes up to a silent and peaceful morning. The sight of the sun rising and the rays reflecting in the water is wat one can’t miss to see in the amazing island (https://www.gohawaii.com/islands/lanai). The night is what changes everything, one can hardly hear a pin drop, it is all quiet and peaceful. On can sit on the chairs for ours and watch the true nature without getting bored, since the place is so calm and one can assume that there are no thieves and gangsters who rob a night.

Since back in the city there is a lot of air pollution and industrial activities, in Lanai the experience is different. Breathing the air, one can feel that it is cleaner. Perhaps this can be attributed to the green plantations that are everywhere that aid in air circulation. The bamboo plantation in the area is also widespread and it makes the place look more attractive. The people of Hawaii have utilized this plantation and made seats out of it that one can relax on them while watching the environment.

It is hard to get a direct flight from the mainland, but once one gets to the place, there are a lot to enjoy. The surroundings which are tropical makes it ideal for various sporting activities such as scuba diving and snorkeling. One can also go for swimming in the Hoopoe Bay which is a marine preservation area. At the offshore and the land of the island there are other activities such as golfing, four wheeling, hiking, horseback riding and whale watching. One cannot miss to watch how the whales in the ocean move around. Also in Lanai one gets a chance to visit the garden of Gods where he or she get to explore the red spires (https://www.gohawaii.com/islands/lanai). Getting directions on where to get all these activities and places is not a problem since the locals in the area are friendly and welcoming thus will be kind enough to walk one around just like they did guide me on my visit to the place.

Besides the green nature that one will find at the resorts in Lanai, there also exist rocks which are as a result of volcanic eruption. Residing in the cool heights of Lanai, one is able to get a beautiful view of the rocks that are always termed as ‘red dirt field’ among the rocks we have the sweetheart rock visited by many.

Conclusively, Lanai is a beautiful place that I would advise anyone looking for next destination for vacation to visit Lanai. Adventure will make it up for all that one will miss in the clubs and night parties. The place is amazing and is associated with famous people like Bill Gates.

Work Cited

https://www.gohawaii.com/islands/lanaihttps://www.hawaii.com/lanai/info/about/

Vaccination in Colleges

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Vaccination in Colleges

I believe vaccination is an important aspect of our health and thus universities need to tighten vaccination in campus. Research has shown that immunization has its own benefits including the prevention of certain diseases. Aside from personal protection, immunization is also important as the entire community is protected. There are certain diseases that if they occur then it is more likely that it may be transmitted to other people (The Editors). A great example is how there was a mumps outbreak at California, Berkley University and those that had not been immunized suffered the consequences. Immunization is not only important for one’s health and thus colleges need to be stricter on vaccination to ensure contagious diseases that could have been prevented are not transmitted within the campus.

Various debates have often been put forward on the need for vaccination. While some agree vaccination is important, others feel that it doesn’t still serve the intended purpose which is prevention. At times individuals may be vaccinated and are still not able to reach the expected immunity level and can still be at risk of getting the disease they were vaccinated against just in case there is an outbreak. Despite these occurrences, statistics have indicated that vaccination has a greater reduction in overall incidence of a disease. When most people are vaccinated it thus helps protect the vulnerable members in the society who may not be vaccinated (Slauer).

Legislators need to tighten vaccine exemptions especially in school. Lack of vaccination in schools has led to resurfacing of some diseases such as measles which should not be an issue in the century that we are living in. Although there may be reservations on taking vaccinations such as religious beliefs or personal beliefs who have been exempted in various states, the general population is at risk of getting these diseases and vulnerable individuals are more likely to be affected.

Works Cited

Slauer, Nathan. “Opinion: Policy-Makers Should Tighten Vaccine Exemptions.” Calvin University Chimes, calvinchimes.org/2015/02/05/opinion-policy-makers-should-tighten-vaccine-exemptions/.

The Editors. “The U.S. Needs to Tighten Vaccination Mandates.” Scientific American, Scientific American, 24 June 2019, www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-u-s-needs-to-tighten-vaccination-mandates1/.

Sight and Vision in Oedipus the King

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Sight and Vision in Oedipus the King

Oedipus Rex or Oedipus the King is an Athenian tragedy play by Sophocles that follows the life of Oedipus a great king who seems to be fleeing away from his fate but he eventually meets it at the end of the play. In the play there are numerous references to the act of seeing, vision, insight, the light as well as darkness. Theme of sight is an important motif throughout the play. Seeing in the text has been used both metaphorically as well as literally. Oedipus who is the King of Thebes has physical sight but he is quite blind to the evidence surrounding his life including his background. Sophocles uses theme of sight and vision to portray knowledge, physical light and the truth all which are depicted in Oedipus’ actions that led to his tragic end as king.

Sophocles throughout the novel builds the character of the king in three distinct phases all which portray both the themes of vision and light. In the beginning of the novel, Oedipus the king has physical sight, he is also quite knowledgeable as he even solves the Sphinx’s riddle. He is quite brave as in choosing to answer the riddle, he was prepared to die in case he failed as Sphinx had threated death upon anyone who failed. During this phase, we can say sight and light can be related to his knowledge and bravery as he even rescues freeing the city from Sphinx evil reign. However, he soon changes his character and becomes a man in denial determined to solve the riddle on Laius death. We can see his ignorance showing therefore bringing the aspect of his blindness to both his past as well as present (De Vlemick, pg. 197-214).

Sophocles introduces Teiresias who is a prophet but also blind to show the aspect of Oedipus blindness metaphorical. Although Teiresias is blind, he can still see the corruption that exudes in Oedipus’ life and the king who has complete sight cannot see the truth surrounding his life. Oedipus issues a curse upon Laius’ killers a curse that eventually would befall him instead. He places a curse on himself, “I curse myself as well… if by any chance he proves to be an intimate of our house, here at my hearth, with my full knowledge may the curse I just called down on him strike me!” (Sophocles, line 285) yet Tiresias goes ahead to tell him that he is the corruption of the land.

Oedipus is blind to the fact that his people are suffering the plague because of his own action yet a blind man can see this. It is proven that Oedipus escaped from his parents a while fleeing he meets with his real father Laius killing him. He goes on to become king of Thebes and ends up marrying the mother. He learns he has fulfilled the prophesy and was the cause of the misfortunes in the city of Thebes (Zachrisson, pg. 313-331). When truth is presented surrounding Oedipus birth and circumstances of his life, he blinds himself with pins stating “What good were eyes to me? Nothing I could see could bring me joy” (Sophocles, line 1473-74). At the end he has seen the light by accepting the fact that he has to meet his fate and humble himself. He realizes even with his eyes he was not able to see the truth that was in front of him the whole time. Oedipus believed he was doing what was right for his people that is why we use the term tragic hero on him. He was unable to escape the prophesy that doomed his life.

In conclusion the novel seeks to answer the question whether painful knowledge of the truth may be more important than having happiness? King Oedipus was a knowledgeable man who wanted to be a great king for his people. By being blind to the truth he was a happy and a noble hero to his people. However, his blindness to the truth regarding his past and his obsession to solve Laius’ death resulted in his fall from the once noble hero to a sad, humiliated, blind man.

Works Cited

De Vleminck, Jens. “Tragic choices: Fate, Oedipus, and beyond.” The locus of tragedy. Brill, 2008. 197-214.

Sophocles, E. A. Oedipus the king. Classic Productions, 1994.

Zachrisson, Anders. “Oedipus the King: Quest for self‐knowledge–denial of reality. Sophocles’ vision of man and psychoanalytic concept formation.” The International journal of psychoanalysis 94.2 (2013): 313-331.

Works Cited

Research Summaries

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Research Summaries

Summary of a Research Article: Is Divorce More Painful When Couples Have Children? Evidence from Long-term Panel Data on Multiple Domains of Well-being

This article explores the psychological effects of divorce to the children. There have been various theoretical models that have indicated how divorce has an effect and is more painful to the children. Little research is available where a researcher looks at kids as moderators in divorce cases. In conducting the research, the first hypothesis used in the research that children caused much more effect on the wellbeing of parents during a divorce. The second hypothesis was children intensified a decline in divorce-related resources. Among the research question posed in conducting the research included: How would presence of children in marriage moderate divorce and does the age of children play a role in divorce process.

In conducting the research, interview was conducted in various households where parents had divorced and they had children. Household members who were of age 18 and above were interviewed in order to establish the transition that took place from marital to divorce state. 2353 participants were randomly selected with the criteria they had to have been divorced after years of marriage. The findings from the research was that presence of children increased emotional crisis on parents, economic losses and social resources. (Leopold, 2016). Mothers who had little kids who were yet to start school or were in pre-school were more likely to stop working. Mothers and fathers were also likely to fall into drug use such as alcohol because raising children as a single parent was hectic.

Summary of the Research Article: If We’re Going to Change Things, It Has to Be Systemic:’’ Systems Change in Children’s Mental Health

If We’re Going to Change Things, It Has to Be Systemic:’’ Systems Change in Children’s Mental Health is a research conducted to understand well-being of children. The research established a purpose that was to provide information that would aid in the development of care systems. It was enhanced to act as a reference for interested or parties in the subject of study and even further researchers to expand the knowledge and understanding the principle care units that include family, youth involvement, individualized care and cultural competencies that aimed at developing effective strategies for building systems and delivering services. The research question for the research was how the systems currently in place affected mentally ill children. The purpose of this article development was derived from calls for reforms on the child mental health in the United States since the 1960s. The hypothesis used in this research was how Soft System Methodology affected the systems of care especially for children with serious emotional disorder.

In conducting the research, a multi-embedded case study design was used in order to examine system changes. There were six systems that were selected through a national nomination process. The research used extensive document review as well as targeted phone interviews with the involved stakeholders. The study found out the current emphasis on medical fields through evaluation to be an emphasis on the implementation of evidence-based practices. Culture, individualized services, family children mental health and competence in linguistics had formed the bases to principles and values of systems in the study. Across the nations in order to develop community-based systems of care for children and families across states, there must be involvement multiple constituencies (Hodges, Ferreira& Israel,2012).

Summary of the Research Article: Children’s Shyness Moderates the Associations between Parenting Behavior and the Development of Children’s Pro-Social Behaviors

In a research article named Children’s Shyness Moderates the Associations between Parenting Behavior and the Development of Children’s Pro-Social Behaviors, a study on whether there is a relationship between the parenting style of a parent and the degree of shyness exhibited by the child they parent is conducted. To preface the work, shyness is described is described as a temperamental state in which a child exhibits unease when in a social group composed of individuals unfamiliar to them (Beier, Terrizzi, Woodward, & Larson, 2017). The main hypothesis made before the study theorize that children parented by parents who showed affectation and exercised behavioral on them would be more pro-social and moreover, the same associations would be more pronounced in children that exhibit shyness. While conducting the study, questionnaire was the data collection method of choice in which parents of 9368 children born in Finland in the province of central find land were supplied with questionnaires regarding their children`s temperament as far as shyness is concerned as well as their parenting styles. To establish the children`s temperament, the questions used the Children Behavior Questionnaire which contains 175 questions which require ratings on the children`s behavior on a scale of 1 to 7 as the answers.

To collect data on the children`s social behavior, the research used the Behavioral Assessment System for Children (BASC) in which a scale of 1 to 4 is used to rate the social behavior of a child on 126 different items. On parenting styles, the research used the Finnish version of Block`s Child Rearing Practices Report (BCRR) parental affection and behavioral control subscales where the participants were required to rate, on a scale of 1 to 5, their level of affection and behavioral control on 14 different items. According to the results obtained from this method, it was established that the affection of both mothers and fathers positively affected how the social behavior of their children by enhancing it. Among shy children only, more affection from their mothers was found to improve their pro-social behavior, a phenomenon which could not be linked to non-shy children. Further, the research established that affection from fathers only helped improve the social behaviors of shy children while their behavior control was good when instilling pro-social behavior in non-shy children.

Summary of Research Article: Shyness and Social Conflict Reduce Young Children’s Social Helpfulness

In the article Shyness and Social Conflict Reduce Young Children’s Social Helpfulness, research is done aimed at trying to confirm the hypothesis that shyness and conflicts are impediments that hinder children from being useful in a societal setting. The research question in the research was whether both shyness and social conflict reduced a child social helpfulness. The two main hypotheses were formulated which were as follows: in the event the individual to be helped is clearly unwilling, then a child will refrain to help if the decision to do so is based on their preference to the individual. Secondly, since shy children dread the consequence of conflict, they will be less likely to help if the individual is unwilling (Zarra-Nezhad, 2018).

To confirm whether the hypotheses were right or not, experiments were conducted where children were exposed to opportunities of helping either physically or socially by setting up experiments which involved having a child help an experimenter to collect a she dropped or helping her gain the attention of another experimenter she pretended not to hear her calling while appealing disinterested. The aims of the experiments were to determine whether a child`s decision to be socially helpful was dependent on the target individual`s interest and whether shyness determines the social helpfulness of a child. From the research 81.3% of the children were observed to provide immediate physical help while only 59.4% of them readily provided social support. When the experimenters showed clear disinterest to be helped, the children refrained from helping them confirming the theory that the preference of the target individual negatively affects a child`s decision to be helpful both physically and socially. Regarding the association between shyness and social helpfulness, there was a direct link between shyness and social helpfulness while none was established between shyness and physical helpfulness confirming the theory that social helpfulness is more demanding to shy children since it requires taking social risk.

Summary of Research Article: Clinical Characteristics of Young Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Atherosclerosis

This research looks at both biochemical and clinical characteristics of the young diabetic patients that also suffer from arteriosclerosis as well as Type II Diabetes. The research was a cross sectional study that involved 2199 subjects who had been hospitalized in the hospital with type two diabetes. The research question was the occurrence rate of arteriosclerosis on children. The hypothesis for the research was whether age had an impact on occurrence of arteriosclerosis. The patients were divided into two groups those who had atherosclerosis and non-atherosclerosis. An older group was also included as part of the study who had arteriosclerosis and were at least 45 years of age. There were comparisons made between the different groups in order to establish metabolic and cardiovascular risk profiles of the young patients (Yang, 2016).

The results established that the young people had deleterious profiles of hyperlipidemia and weight when compared to the older generation. Atherosclerosis was also more prevalent in lower extremity arteries of the young patients when compared with the old. The comparison between the young patents with atherosclerosis and non-atherosclerosis pointed out they were more likely to have longer diabetes duration, have older age and larger waste size especially in females and higher BMI and poor control of their blood lipid parameters. Their cholesterol level in both groups did not bear any significant difference. Younger type two diabetic patients were also likely to experience diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetic neuropathy incidences when compared to the older patients.

Summary of Research Article: A cross-sectional study on correlates of high blood pressure among school-going children in an Urban Area.

The researcher of this article aims at establishing if there is a link between blood pressure in school going children specifically in urban areas. Over the years there has been a significant number of children who have suffered from increased high blood pressure and obesity. The research question for the study was whether there was if school played an impact in resulting in high blood pressure among school going children. Hypothesis for the research was whether played any role or was a factor that led to development of high blood pressure in children.

In order to establish this, a cross sectional study was carried out for one and half years involving 892 children who were selected randomly both male and female between 8th-10th class. Measurements including height, weight and Blood pressure were recorded and classified per the BMI and standard guidelines outlined depending on both age and sex. The researcher was able to establish that children who were obese had elevated systolic blood pressure and elevated diastolic BP. The children who had familial history of diabetes in their history also had elevated diastolic pressure. The male also had elevated blood pressure than the female gender. There was a correlation between weight, height and BMI with Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. From the experiment, the researcher established risk factors for elevated BP as being obese or overweight, family history of diabetes or hypertension and increase in age (Katta, 2018).

References

Beier, J., Terrizzi, B., Woodward, A., & Larson, E. (2017). Shyness and Social Conflict Reduce Young Children’s Social Helpfulness. Child Development, 88(6), 1922–1929.

Katta, A. V., & Kokiwar, P. R. (2018). A cross-sectional study on correlates of high blood pressure among school-going children in an Urban Area. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 43(2), 82.

Leopold, T., & Kalmijn, M. (2016). Is divorce more painful when couples have children? Evidence from long-term panel data on multiple domains of well-being. Demography, 53(6), 1717-1742.

Hodges, S., Ferreira, K., & Israel, N. (2012). “If We’re Going to Change Things, It Has to Be Systemic:” Systems Change in Children’s Mental Health. American journal of community psychology, 49(3-4), 526-537.

Yang, W., Cai, X., Han, X., & Ji, L. (2016). Clinical Characteristics of Young Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Atherosclerosis. PloS one, 11(7), e0159055.

Zarra-Nezhad, M., Moazami-Goodarzi, A., Nurmi, J.-E., Eklund, K., Ahonen, T., & Aunola, K. (2018). Children’s Shyness Moderates the Associations between Parenting Behavior and the Development of Children’s Pro-Social Behaviors. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27, 3008–3018. doi: doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1134-0

Technology and Existentialism

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Technology and Existentialism

Technology has helped us expand how we communicate to each other and has also expanded our freedom of speech. Often we log on to social media where we can express on the views we have and you can get the backing from same people whom you share the same line of thought. The greatest challenge when it comes to controlling the freedom of speech is in the social media platform is the freedom of speech. Over the year’s social media has become the major platform where we express our views whether politics, social problems or economic problems. social media has also become a great platform where the leaders have had the opportunity to interacts with its citizen. Twitter specifically is one famous social media platform that is mostly used in engaging leaders and the citizen (Shao, pg. 96-104). The social media has provided a space where you can reach a large number of people and over the years it has even been used to campaign, explain manifestos or create a live session where individuals are able to engage with their leaders on matters pertaining their manifesto and their promises to the people.

Although social media has incredibly changed the way we convey our messages, it has also become problematic as there are no laws guiding freedom of speech in the internet (Byrd). Because of the web, it is presently conceivable to communicate all the more unreservedly and secretly on issues, be they political, social or monetary with almost no cost. However, concerns have been raised over the utilization of the web in methods for putting limits on what we say and post on the web. This has realized the subject of restriction on the substance we access or post however again it winds up almost impossible as it is viewed as a way of stepping on the freedom of expression. With occurrence of things such as cyberbullying, the debate on internet censorship has emerged.

The internet censorship is no longer a matter of legislation but now narrows down to moral questions. Even while James Madison was advocating for freedom of speech, he did not envision a situation we are in now, this may probably be because social media is a result of technology which was not there when the constitution was created. If the government tries to intervene on the censorship, the human activist will be on the road in a couple of hour accusing the government of infringing on the first amendment freedom of expression (Mailland, pg. 179). It is in the interest of the public to come up with laws that will restrict the freedom of speech on the social media sites. These sites have been used to propagate hate message, bully, troll innocent people as well as spread fake news. Spreading of fake news my result in a lot of panic in the country. Twitter is one social media site that is notorious for spreading of fake news or hatred. Just one tweet can be retweeted by a million of people in matter of hours. With the freedom of speech, you find individuals advocating against a certain race or even religion in these platforms. They cannot be arrested for this as they are protected by the 1st Amendment act. It is such loopholes in the bill of rights that have made some legislators to try and come up with legislations that will save such situations.

Jean-Paul Sartre a renowned philosopher who expounded on the theory of existentialism believed that “existence precedes essence. “I believe he would support the internet and it’s use. This is because he believed that as humans we were at a position to define ourselves including the use of internet despite all its disadvantages associated with it. However, Sartre is likely to advocate for the responsible use of the internet given the fact that as humans we ate in a position to make the best choices for us. Every single choice that one decides to take as human defines us and also gives a revelation on what we may think human being should be. In order to explore the internet and its negative impact that it has, then we must first use it. Denying the use of internet because we envision the internet to be in a certain way or used in a specific way by everyone is “living in bad faith” as Sartre said. Sartre was a philosopher who wanted the humans to break out of the shackles they had put on themselves. Those then who would love to use the internet as a form of entertainment or to entertain themselves should be left to do so (Mei, pg. 106).

Technology expands the human freedom in so many ways. Despite the part of the world one is, they can comfortably access any information or communicate to a person in any part of the world Everything g now is being used by the use of technology and now with the new field of Artificial Intelligence and data science, humanity is accomplishing so much even more than they could imagine. However, it has also diminished human freedom, the case of Cambridge Analytica is a perfect example. Through the use of the internet and people being able to share their data out their companies like Cambridge Analytica re using this information to influence people decision in certain ways and mostly election. Many have cited the concern of having free and fair election after there were news that highlighted how data science was being used to swing election. Despite the lows associated with the internet here and there the advantages outweigh the disadvantages depicting how technology and internet has expanded human freedom.

Works Cited

Mailland, Julien. “Freedom of speech, the internet, and the costs of control: The French example.” NYUJ Int’l L. & Pol. 33 (2000): 179.

Mei, W. A. N. “Being and Free Choice of Life——On Sartrean Existentialism in Morrison’s The Bluest Eye and Beloved [J].” Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (Social Sciences) 3 (2009).

Shao, C., Ciampaglia, G. L., Varol, O., Flammini, A., & Menczer, F. The spread of fake news by social bots. arXiv preprint arXiv:1707.07592. 2017. 96-104.

Literature Reflects Life in the Gilded Age

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Literature Reflects Life in the Gilded Age

As immigrants started to surge into America in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, they had any desires for a wonderful new life in the Land of the Free. They may have imagined that they would not need to live in confined and unsanitary conditions as they had in their old homes. They may have had any expectations of discovering an extraordinary new profession that would soar them to notoriety and fortune and permit them to live like the Carnegies, Rockefellers, and Morgans did. It could be conceivable that all their trusts were guaranteed once they got a quick look at the New York City horizon, extending the extent that the eye could see and extending like arms spread inviting home a friend or family member. The sun may have been sparkling brilliant and brilliant, washing the not really inaccessible city in an incredible light. At a separation it was perhaps a standout amongst the most wonderful sights that their eyes had ever happened upon. On the other hand, the land that looked so delightful and fabulous from the separation was really loaded with covetousness, debasement, and go getters. That is the way America might be portrayed throughout the Gilded Age. The wrapping was beautiful, yet the present was appalling.

Such affluent business visionaries as the Rockefellers and Carnegies served to make America the magnificence that she was on the outside, however to a degree they additionally helped the spoiled inside. America’s new European occupants existed in confined condo and worked in hazardous processing plants. The production lines housed the most recent engineering of the Gilded Age, the sequential construction system. According to Rowlandson, the large scale manufacture that the mechanical production system realized made the rich wealthier, yet did nothing to help poor people. They were working extended periods in at times greatly perilous conditions. Wounds and even passing’s would happen because of flawed apparatus or depleted representatives; however these events were frequently disregarded or concealed to keep away from any terrible reputation (Rowlandson 67). As the migrants overwhelmed the huge urban areas looking for occupations, different Americans headed west with the development of the railroad. On the other hand, no one appeared to think seriously about that they would be interrupting the American Indian’s domain. It additionally appeared that nobody minded. America was insatiable for land that lay to the west and would be very misleading in getting the land that they needed. The American Indians were pushed further and further west, and their tribes started to diminish. It appeared to be as though in this age that nobody was winning however the well-off white man.

Who was to uncover the defilement and advantage that streamed all through the Gilded Age? The creators of this time took it upon themselves to show how America was abusing its own. Creators and speakers, for example, Seattle, George Washington Cable, William Dean Howells, and Mark Twain concentrated on the subjects of defilement and advantage that were show in the Gilded Age. According to Emerson, one such case of a work offering the subject that debasement was talked by the Indian boss, Seattle, and interpreted for conservation by those intrigued by Native American concerns.

“Sometime in the past our kin secured the terrains as waves of a wind-unsettled ocean blanket its shell-cleared floor, however that time since a long time ago has passed away with the best of tribes that are presently yet a distressed memory” (228). So says Seattle in “Our People Are Ebbing Away Like a Rapidly Receding Tide.” In this discourse talked by the head of the Suquamish and Dewamish, Seattle recounts how the American Indian tribes are contracting into a close obscurity because of the degenerate white man. Nonetheless, Seattle knew enough that to deplore the white man would result in his work from being recognized and cause more objection towards himself and his kin. Subsequently, he portrays the tricky white man in a manner that may be recognized as joking.

A case of this methodology happens when he says, “The Great-and I assume great White Chief sends us word that he wishes to purchase our territories yet is eager to permit us enough to live agreeably” (228). Seattle knows exceptionally well that the cash that they will be paid will probably be little and that the area which they will accept will be the most exceedingly bad that there is to offer. Seattle returns to thank the White Chief for paying them for the area in light of the fact that, being the Native American, they have no rights and this gesure is seen as being to a great degree liberal. Not long after that Seattle says, “our extraordinary and great father, I say, sends us word that in the event that we do as he cravings he will secure us” (228). This announcement is not a type of liberality; however rather, it is the control of the Indians done by the all the more influential white man. Seattle is incognito when demonstrating how degenerate the populace of the Gilded Age could be. Seattle was by all account not the only one to manage an unmistakably good however clandestinely unsavory area swindler. George Washington Cable additionally managed the issue, however in a more private family climate.

In “Belles Demoiselles Plantation” Cable shows that debasement can exist inside a family and not simply between two different gatherings of individuals. The story manages Colonel Chaleau and his relative Charlie. The two principle characters originate from a blended family, the Colonel of French respectability and Charlie from the Choctaw Indians. The Colonel claims a great estate that sits on a duty. It goes to the Colonel’s consideration that the area is disintegrating separated and falling into the waterway and soon his wonderful estate could drop into the stream alongside the mud. The Colonel chooses to attempt to purchase Charlie’s property which exists in the city. He goes to Charlie and makes him an offer for his structures that is substantially more than what they are value. Charlie gets suspicious of the Colonel’s dealings. The old Indian asks why the Colonel would offer to pay such an extensive entirety for his structures and offer his own particular Belles Demoiselles for such a low cost. It is then that the Colonel positively gets misleading and does something that goes unequivocally against Creole convention. He sells out his own particular family. The Colonel advises Charlie that he needs to offer his ranch for no other explanation than to live in the city. At last the Colonel pays for his lies as he and Charlie witness his sublime ranch, alongside his darling little girls, fall in the stream. It without a doubt appears to be as though Colonel De Charleu pays for submitting a definitive sin against his family; inasmuch as, Editha, from William Dean Howells’ short story, never gets what she merits.

William Dean Howells’ “Editha” is an illustration of the shark that existed throughout the Gilded Age. She is a character whose psyche declines to see the pitiless substances of war, however rather sees the sentimental side of war that she peruses in her energetic books. She tosses her romanticized perspectives of war up in her life partner’s face, persuading him that it would be best for him to join the armed force. She understands that Gearson could be harmed or conceivably kicks the bucket in fight yet appears to be not to tend to, then consideration would be centered on her and she could go about as the courageous women in her books demonstration. Howells shows Editha’s twisted4 dream as she considers Gearson losing his arm in fight when he keeps in touch with, “She excited with the feeling of the arm around her; consider the possibility that that ought to be lost?” (368. Editha is manipulative with regards to Gearson. She controls him utilizing thoughts that she may have perused in her books. It is not ardent when she says, “‘I am yours, for time and endlessness time and forever'” (368), for after she articulates this expression she supposes to herself that these words “fulfilled her starvation for expressions.” Gearson does wind up passing on, and Editha acts in the way that she has perused that she ought to. She gets “wiped out” and wears dark. Editha and her father go to see Gearson’s mother, yet the mother sees directly through Editha’s veneer. Gearson’s mother defies Editha asking “‘What you got that dark on for?'” (371) on the grounds that she sees Editha for the manipulative, serving toward one, go getter that she truly is.

To sum up, the closure is surely shocking; however Twain demonstrates the debasement of the Gilded Age as no other creator could. Conceivably impacted by his great companion William Dean Howells, Twain likewise loathed the debasement and advantage that was moving through the Gilded Age. He was maintained as a dependable pioneer for American popular government and took the side of “the strong mass of the uncultivated” (266) as opposed to “the slight top hull of mankind” (266). His sensitivity towards the poor may have determined from growing up poor himself. Be that as it may, despite the fact that he grows up poor, he thought back affectionately on the days preceding the Gilded Age.

Work cited

Cable, George Washington. Belles Demoiselles Plantation. McQuade, et al. 2: 513- 524.

Downes, Paul. Democracy, Revolution, and Monarchism in Early American Literature.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Print.

Elliott, Emory. The Cambridge Introduction to Early American Literature. Cambridge, UK:

Emerson, Ralph Waldo. “Self- Reliance.” Rpt in Course Materials for ENGL 2131. Web. June17, 2014.

Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin. Vol. 65. Trajectory Inc, 2013.

Hartsock, John C. A History of American Literary Journalism: The Emergence of a ModernNarrative Form. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2000. Print.Howells, William Dean. Editha. McQuade, et al. 2: 362-371. McQuade, Donald, et al., eds. The Harper American Literature. 2nd ed. 2 Vols. NewYork:HarperCollins, 1993.

Rowlandson, Mary W. The Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rolandson.United States: Filiquarian Publishing, 2005. Print.

Twain, Mark. The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg.”McQuade, et al. 2: 311-342.